Massachusetts Technology Collaborative Community Wind Collaborative – Town of Wellfleet SITE FEASIBILITY STUDY B&V Project Number 135720.1200 Funded by the Community Wind Collaborative of the Renewable Energy Trust August 2008 Black & Veatch Corporation 230 Congress Street Suite 802 Boston, MA 02110 Tel: (617) 451-6900 www.bv.com Principal Investigators: Ryan Jacobson, Project Manager Steve Block, Renewable Energy Specialist Justin Ray, Wind Energy Specialist Jason Fields, Wind Energy Specialist Sean Tilley, Wind Energy Specialist © Copyright, Black & Veatch Corporation, 2008. All rights reserved. The Black & Veatch name and logo are registered trademarks of Black & Veatch Holding Company Massachusetts Technology Collaborative Community Wind Collaborative – Town of Wellfleet Table of Contents Table of Contents 1.0 Executive Summary................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Study Results ....................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 List of Recommendations .................................................................................... 1-2 2.0 Introduction................................................................................................................ 2-1 2.1 Background.......................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Objective.............................................................................................................. 2-1 2.3 Report Organization............................................................................................. 2-1 3.0 Wind Resource........................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Wind Data Reviewed ........................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Wellfleet Met Tower Data and RERL Reports........................................... 3-1 3.1.2 Highlands Center, Truro Wind Data........................................................... 3-6 3.1.3 Eastham SODAR Data................................................................................ 3-9 3.1.4 Provincetown Municipal Airport AWOS Station..................................... 3-11 3.1.5 Massachusetts Wind Resource Map Information ..................................... 3-13 3.2 Site Wind Resource Estimate............................................................................. 3-15 3.3 Resource Estimate Accuracy ............................................................................. 3-20 3.4 Site Viability ...................................................................................................... 3-21 4.0 Site Physical Characteristics...................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 General Description ............................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 Site Usage ............................................................................................................ 4-1 4.3 Site Infrastructure................................................................................................. 4-2 4.4 Potential Turbine Location Suitability................................................................. 4-2 4.5 Turbine Separation and Setback .......................................................................... 4-3 4.5.1 Town of Wellfleet Zoning Bylaws ............................................................. 4-3 4.5.2 Turbine Siting Requirements ...................................................................... 4-4 4.5.3 Typical Wind Turbine Spacing................................................................... 4-5 4.5.4 Public Safety ............................................................................................... 4-6 4.5.5 Preliminary Turbine Separation and Setbacks............................................ 4-6 4.6 Site Access........................................................................................................... 4-6 5.0 Site Electrical Infrastructure ...................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Potential Interconnection Points .......................................................................... 5-1 5.1.1 Existing Wellfleet 576 Substation .............................................................. 5-2 27 August 2008 1 Black & Veatch Massachusetts Technology Collaborative Community Wind Collaborative – Town of Wellfleet Table of Contents 5.1.2 New Interconnection Substation................................................................. 5-3 5.2 Interconnection Feasibility................................................................................... 5-3 6.0 Site Vicinity ............................................................................................................... 6-1 6.1 Description of Site Vicinity ................................................................................. 6-1 6.2 Visual and Noise Impact...................................................................................... 6-2 6.3 Airspace Impact ................................................................................................... 6-9 6.4 Communications Impact .................................................................................... 6-10 6.5 Community Acceptance..................................................................................... 6-12 7.0 Potential Environmental Concerns ............................................................................ 7-1 7.1 Site Flora and Fauna ............................................................................................ 7-1 7.1.1 Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program................................... 7-1 7.1.2 Avian and Bat Impacts.............................................................................. 7-10 7.2 Wetlands ............................................................................................................ 7-10 7.3 Environmental Impact........................................................................................ 7-10 8.0 Permitting................................................................................................................... 8-1 8.1 Site Zoning........................................................................................................... 8-1 8.2 Wind Development Bylaws ................................................................................. 8-1 8.3 List of Required Permits ...................................................................................... 8-2 8.4 Additional Research........................................................................................... 8-16 8.5 Permitting Timeline ........................................................................................... 8-16 8.6 Next Steps .......................................................................................................... 8-16 9.0 Conceptual Design..................................................................................................... 9-1 9.1 Wind Turbine Models.......................................................................................... 9-1 9.1.1 GE 1.5sle..................................................................................................... 9-1 9.1.2 Vestas V82.................................................................................................. 9-2 9.2 Potential Configurations ...................................................................................... 9-3 9.3 Distance from Key Locations .............................................................................. 9-6 9.4 Appropriateness and Community Impact ............................................................ 9-7 10.0 Project Development Considerations..................................................................... 10-1 10.1 Development and Ownership Options............................................................. 10-1 10.1.1 Municipal Ownership.............................................................................. 10-1 10.1.2 Private Ownership................................................................................... 10-1 10.2 Project Financing ............................................................................................. 10-2 10.3 Development Considerations........................................................................... 10-2 27 August 2008 2 Black & Veatch Massachusetts Technology Collaborative Community Wind Collaborative – Town of Wellfleet Table of Contents 10.4 Operations and Management ........................................................................... 10-3 11.0 Estimated Energy Production ................................................................................ 11-1 11.1 Annual Energy Production............................................................................... 11-1 11.1.1 Wind Turbine Power Curves .................................................................. 11-1 11.1.2 Estimated Losses..................................................................................... 11-2 11.1.3 Production Estimates and Comparisons.................................................. 11-5 11.1.4 Uncertainty Analysis............................................................................... 11-8 11.2 On-Site Energy