Notes References to material held in the Philip Larkin Archive lodged in the Brynmor Jones Library, University of Hull (BJL), are given as file numbers preceded by 'DPL'. 1. PHILIP LARKIN 1. Harry Chambers, 'Meeting Philip Larkin', in Larkin at Sixty, ed. Anthony Thwaite (London: Faber and Faber, 1982) p. 62. 2. John Haffenden, Viewpoints: Poets in Conversation (London, Faber and Faber, 1981) p. 127. 3. Christopher Ricks, Beckett's Dying Words (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993). 4. D. J. Enright, 'Down Cemetery Road: the Poetry of Philip Larkin', in Conspirators and Poets (London: Chatto & Windus, 1966) p. 142. 5. Hugo Roeffaers, 'Schriven tegen de Verbeelding', Streven, vol. 47 (December 1979) pp. 209-22. 6. Andrew Motion, Philip Larkin: A Writer's Life (London: Faber and Faber, 1993). 7. Philip Larkin, Required Writing (London: Faber and Faber, 1983) p. 48. 8. See Selected Letters of Philip Larkin 1940-1985, ed. Anthony Thwaite (London: Faber and Faber, 1992) pp. 648-9. 9. DPL 2 (in BJL). 10. DPL 5 (in BJL). 11. Kingsley Amis, Memoirs (London: Hutchinson, 1991) p. 52. 12. Philip Larkin, Introduction to Jill (London: The Fortune Press, 1946; rev. edn. Faber and Faber, 1975) p. 12. 13. Donald Davie, Thomas Hardy and British Poetry (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1973) p. 64. 14. Required Writing, p. 297. 15. Blake Morrison, 'In the grip of darkness', The Times Literary Supplement, 14-20 October 1988, p. 1152. 16. Lisa Jardine, 'Saxon violence', Guardian, 8 December 1992. 17. Bryan Appleyard, 'The dreary laureate of our provincialism', Independent, 18 March 1993. 18. Ian Hamilton, 'Self's the man', The Times Literary Supplement, 2 April 1993, p. 3. 19. DPL 13 (in BJL). Quoted by Motion, A Writer's Life, p. 56. 20. See Stephen Regan, Philip Larkin (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1992). 21. DPL 13 (in BJL). 22. DPL 14 (in BJL). 23. DPL 13 (in BJL). 175 176 Notes 24. DPL 23 (in BJL). 25. DPL 23 (in BJL). 26. DPL 5 (in BJL). 27. DPL 28 (in BJL). 28. Philip Larkin, Collected Poems, ed. Anthony Thwaite (London: The Marvell Press and Faber and Faber, 1988; rev. edn. 1990) p. xvii. 29. DPL 7 (in BJL). 30. DPL 7 (in BJL). 31. DPL 4 (in BJL). 32. DPL 3 (in BJL). 33. DPL 7 (in BJL). 2. THE EARLY POEMS 1. 'Not Like Larkin', Listener, 17 August 1972, p. 209. 2. Larkin, Collected Poems, p. 221. 3. See, for example, Noel Hughes, 'The Young Mr Larkin', in Larkin at Sixty, pp. 17-22 and Kingsley Amis, Memoirs, pp. 51-64. 4. Selected Letters, p. 11. As Thwaite notes, the reference misquotes Isherwood: 'my fatal facility for pastiche'. 5. Philip Larkin, Introduction to The North Ship (London: The Fortune Press, 1945; rev. edn. Faber and Faber, 1966) p. 8. 6. Ibid., p. 9. 7. Ibid., p. 10. 8. 'Not The Place's Fault', in An Enormous Yes: in memoriam Philip Larkin (1922-1985), ed. Harry Chambers (Calstock: Peterloo Poets, 1986) p.53. 9. Edward Mendelson, Preface to W. H. Auden: Selected Poems (London: Faber and Faber, 1979) p. ix. 10. From an unpublished autobiographical essay written in 1943, quoted in Motion, A Writer's Life, pp. 43-4. 11. Required Writing, p. 123. 12. Mendelson, Preface to W. H. Auden: Selected Poems, p. xiii. 13. See A. T. Tolley, My Proper Ground: A Study of the Work of Philip Larkin and its Development (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1991) p.5. 14. Larkin, Collected Poems, p. 235. 15. Ibid., p. 263. 16. Ibid., p. 247. 17. Selected Letters, pp. 5-6. 18. Ibid., pp. 34-5. 19. Quoted in Janice Rossen, Philip Larkin: His Life'S Work (Hemel Hemp­ stead: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1989) p. 7. 20. Quoted in Terry Whalen, Philip Larkin and English Poetry (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1986; rev. edn. 1990) p. 71. Larkin's later poem, 'Solar', bears revealing similarities to this passage. 21. Quoted in Motion, A Writer's Life, p. 57. Notes 177 22. For further connections between Larkin and Lawrence, see Whalen, Philip Larkin and English Poetry. 23. Interview with Ian Hamilton, London Magazine, vol. 4, no. 8 (Novem­ ber 1964) p. 72. 24. Regan, Philip Larkin, p. 67. See also Bernard Bergonzi, Wartime and Aftermath: English Literature and its Background 1939-1960 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993) pp. 54-80. 25. Regan, Philip Larkin, pp. 71 and 77. 26. Selected Letters, p. 55. 27. See Larkin's retrospective essay, 'Vernon Watkins: an Encounter and a Re-encounter', in Required Writing, pp. 40-4. 28. Selected Letters, p. 56. 29. Ibid., p. 93. 30. Ibid., p. 59. 31. Quoted in Motion, A Writer's Life, p. 85. Years later, Larkin spoke of 'That shit Yeats, farting out his histrionic rubbish'. See R. J. c. Watt, "'Scragged by embryo-Leavises": Larkin reading his poems', Critical Survey, vol. 1, no. 2 (1989) pp. 172-5. 32. For specific echoes of Yeats in Larkin's work, see Edna Longley, 'Larkin, Edward Thomas and the Tradition', in Phoenix, nos. 11/12 (Autumn & Winter 1973/4) pp. 63-89. 33. Introduction to The North Ship, p. 10. 34. See Motion, A Writer's Life, p. 81. 35. Selected Letters, p. 374. 36. Introduction to The North Ship, p. 8. 37. Andrew Motion, Philip Larkin (London: Methuen, 1982) p. 33. 38. Interview with Ian Hamilton, London Magazine, vol. 4, no. 8 (November 1964) p. 72. 39. Motion, Philip Larkin, p. 15. 40. Quoted in Rossen, Philip Larkin: His Life's Work, p. 2. 41. Quoted in James Booth, Philip Larkin: Writer (Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1992) p. 15. 42. Ibid. 43. Selected Letters, p. 110. 44. Ibid., p. 147. 45. Ibid., p. 152. 46. Quoted in Booth, Philip Larkin: Writer, p. 21. 47. Selected Letters, p. 116. 48. Jill, pp. 242-3. 49. Philip Larkin, A Girl in Winter (London: Faber and Faber, 1947; re-issued, 1975) p. 248. 50. Larkin, Collected Poems, pp. 270-1. 51. Motion, A Writer's Life, p. 101. 52. Required Writing, p. 68. 53. Larkin, Collected Poems, p. 19. 54. Selected Letters, p. 144. 55. Ibid., p. 115. 56. Larkin, Collected Poems, pp. 8-9, 12 and 20 respectively. 57. Introduction to The North Ship, p. 10. 178 Notes 58. Motion, A Writer's Life, p. 359. 59. Required Writing, p. 172. 60. Ibid., p. 147. 61. Hardy's notebook, 1 July 1879. 62. Required Writing, pp. 175-6. 63. Larkin, Collected Poems, p. 21. 64. For a discussion of Larkin's use of metonymy, see David Lodge, 'Philip Larkin: the Metonymic Muse', in Philip Larkin: The Man and His Work, ed. Dale Salwak (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1989) pp. 118-28. 65. Larkin, Collected Poems, pp. 23, 22, 24-5, 28, and 26 respectively. 66. Quoted in Peter Ferguson, 'Philip Larkin's XX Poems: The Missing Link', in Philip Larkin 1922-1985: A Tribute, ed. George Hartley (London: The Marvell Press, 1988) p. 156. 67. Required Writing, p. 47. 68. Selected Letters, p. 164. 69. Required Writing, p. 62. 70. See Motion, A Writer's Life, pp. 196-7. 71. Larkin, Collected Poems, pp. 45, 50, and 64 respectively. 72. Ibid., pp. 38 and 34. 73. Ibid., p. 46. 74. Ibid., pp. 62, 58, and 59 respectively. 75. Ibid., p. 40. 76. Ibid., p. 51. 77. Ibid., p. 55. 78. Ibid., pp. 56-7. 3. THE LESS DECEIVED 1. See Booth, Philip Larkin: Writer, p. 112. 2. Quoted in George Hartley, 'Nothing To Be Said', in Philip Larkin 1922-1985: A Tribute, p. 299. 3. Ibid., p. 300. 4. Booth, Philip Larkin: Writer, p. 127. 5. Selected Letters, p. 110. 6. Quoted in Haffenden, Viewpoints, p. 123. 7. Quoted in Booth, Philip Larkin: Writer, p. 21. 8. DPL 3 (in BJL). 9. Quoted in David Lodge, After Bakhtin: Essays on Criticism and Fiction (London: Routledge, 1990) p. 98. 10. DPL 5 (in BJL). 11. Selected Letters, p. 154. 12. Ibid. 13. Ibid., p. 156. 14. Ibid., p. 157. 15. George Hartley, 'No Right Of Entry', in Philip Larkin 1922-1985: A Tribute, pp. 136-7. 16. Larkin, Collected Poems, p. 36. Notes 179 17. See, for example, Regan, Philip Larkin, p. 64; J. Goode, 'The More Deceived: A Reading Of Deceptions', in Philip Larkin 1922-1985: A Tribute, pp. 126-34; Graham Holderness, 'Reading "Deceptions" - a dramatic conversation', Critical Survey, vol. 1, no. 2 (1989) pp. 122-30. 18. Rossen, Philip Larkin: His Life's Work, pp. 89-90. 19. All quotations from Mayhew in Goode, 'The More Deceived'. 20. For a discussion of the significance of light imagery in Larkin's poetry, see Seamus Heaney, 'The Main of Light', in Larkin at Sixty, pp. 131-8. 21. Goode, 'The More Deceived', p. 133. 22. Booth, Philip Larkin: Writer, p. 160. 23. Andrew Motion identifies the phrase as one Larkin 'dreaded hearing as a child whenever he reached the head of a queue at school or in shops: it meant he would shortly have to speak, which would be embarrassing because of his stammer'. See A Writer's Life, p. 208. The phrase also car­ ries a note of black comedy as a deathly 'next to go ...'. 24. See Rossen, Philip Larkin: His Life'S Work, p. 17. 25. Worksheets of 'At Grass' in Phoenix, nos 11/12 (Autumn & Winter, 1973/4) p. 93. 26. Simon Petch, The Art of Philip Larkin (Sydney: Sydney University Press, 1981) p. 60. 27. Booth, Philip Larkin: Writer, p. 99. 28. Tolley, My Proper Ground, p. 180. 29. See, for example, Tolley, My Proper Ground, p. 120, and Petch, The Art of Philip Larkin, p. 60. 30.