2019-07-02 Chris Hopkinson1, Stefan Kienzle1, Stew Rood1, Dave Sauchyn2, Larry Flanagan1, Laura Chasmer1 Brian Brisco3, Adam Collingwood4 1: University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB. 2: University of Regina, Regina, SK. 3: Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, ON. 4: Parks Canada, Waterton, AB. Credit: Thomas Porter Hopkinson et al, 2019 http://artemis-lab.strikingly.com/ Water Innovation Forum 1 Outline Program components Monitoring examples Kenow Fire expansion Multispectral lidar facility Note: summarising ~ 20 conference presentations so this is a high level overview Hopkinson et al, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 2 1 2019-07-02 Westcastle WIP program components Water resource assessment & scaling methods Remote sensing-based snow & runoff monitoring New vegetation monitoring procedures Changing headwater attributes Land cover change and controls Climate change impacts on runoff Post-Kenow fire landscape recovery Multi-scale landcover regeneration trajectories Spatio-temporal shifts in snowpack, ET & melt Hopkinson et al, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 3 Study Watershed Infrastructure Ridge Syncline Chutes NW SE Mid Mountain NE Valley Barnaby SW U of L WFS Stream Gauge 4 2 2019-07-02 http://artemis.uleth.ca:8080/CastleMet/index.html 5 6 3 2019-07-02 Southeast view Ridge into Valley http://artemis.uleth.ca:8080/CastleMet/index.html 7 Snowpack monitoring array & depth/density validation 8 4 2019-07-02 Airborne LiDAR snow depth monitoring Objective Better understand snowpack controls Can snowpack depth be modeled from flight line sampling & machine learning? Targeting mid - late winter accumulation & early ablation period Hopkinson et al, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 9 Aspect Elevation Terrain morphology Canopy cover Credit: Kelsey Cartwright, MSc 10 5 2019-07-02 Snowpack depth spatial imputation model drivers Random Forest model input data layers Credit: Kelsey Cartwright, M.Sc. Hopkinson et al, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 11 Snow depth models binned by elevation class Aggregate elevation 2 LiDAR vs RF depth 1.8 RMSE < 0.2m 1.6 r2 > 0.8 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 Snow Depth (m) Snow Depth 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1400 2000 1700 2300 2600 Elevation m asl LiDAR RF RF SDev LiDAR SDev Credit: Kelsey Cartwright, M.Sc. Hopkinson et al, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 12 6 2019-07-02 SAR mountain snow surface melt monitoring February 2017 April 2017 June 2017 Raw SAR Imagery Dry Snow Wet Snow Wet Snow Credit: Dennis Quick, M.Sc. (in progress) Hopkinson et al, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 13 SAR-based snow wetting front mapping Dry snow invisible to C-Band SAR As water content increases, scattering changes from volume to surface Last Month with snow melt March 22 2017 April 15 2017 May 9 2017 June 2 2017 June 26 2017 Credit: Dennis Quick, M.Sc. (in progress) 14 7 2019-07-02 Site-scale snow depth & cover with UAV & TLS Credit: Thomas Porter & Celeste Barnes, PhD (ABD) 15 Time series terrestrial lidar snow surface profiles 03-04 100m along valley 04-09 04-15 04-19 04-25 04-26 04-27 50m across valley Credit: Thomas Porter & Celeste Barnes, PhD (ABD) 16 8 2019-07-02 In situ snow profiling with LED ranging 16 beams 45o field of view 940 nm wavelength 1Hz samples / 15 min Low cost Low power Credit: Barnes, Xi, Porter Hopkinson et al, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 17 Time-series snow depth profile Depth Depth (m) Hopkinson et al, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 18 9 2019-07-02 3D canopy leaf area index with Leddar & webcam – Fusion Scanning System (FSS) Credit: Zhouxin Xi, Ph.D Hopkinson, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 19 Standard FSS hemi generated DHP hemi image Leddar FSS 3D hemi hemi range image Credit: Zhouxin Xi, Ph.D 20 10 2019-07-02 Oblique photography treeline change 1914 2006 Credit: Mountain Legacy Project Credit: Dave McCaffrey, M.Sc. 21 Century-scale forest cover changes Credit: Dave McCaffrey, M.Sc. 22 11 2019-07-02 Waterton extension of Westcastle WIP program Kenow Fire vegetation regeneration & impact on snowpack Credit: Laura Chasmer MET & flux tower Credit: Larry Flanagan UAV & TLS plots Airborne & terrestrial Lidar, UAV, field plot, eddy flux & meteorological monitoring Hopkinson et al, 2019 Water Innovation Forum 23 Drone-based snowpack & vegetation monitoring Credit: Thomas Porter 24 12 2019-07-02 MS Lidar vegetation recovery monitoring Start: July 2018 Pseudo active NDVI 3 band lidar composite image Active burn ratio index 25 WEDC-funded Ecosystem Diagnostic Imaging Facility to support environmental monitoring & natural hazard assessment / mitigation R&D 26 13 2019-07-02 Thank you! CFI NSERC LeddarTech Castle Mountain Resort Alberta Environment & Parks Campus Alberta Innovates Program Alberta Innovates Energy Environment Solutions Canada Centre for Remote Sensing Tough Country Comms Sawback Technologies Campbell Scientific Airborne Imaging Teledyne Optech Parks Canada HQP Trainees: Andreichuk, Aspinell, Barnes, Berry, Bexte, Cartwright, Deering, Ilich, Jones, Kerr, Kienzle, Parsons, Mahoney, McCaffrey, Montgomery, Okhrimenko, Porter, Quick, Scott, Xi 27 14.