W Vol. XXIX. No. 4 April, 1925 ili'e "AC I TIC imdbmtne HNILIN CLOSED DU 620 Australia's National Flower, the Yellow Wattle 1143 ig papers read at the Pan-Pacific Food Conservation Conference, Honolulu, July 31 to August 14, 1924. AIMS OF THE PAN-PACIFIC UNION From year to year the scope of the work before the Pan-Pacific Union has broadened, until today it assumes some of the aspects of a friendly un- official Pan-Pacific League of Nations, a destiny that both the late Franklin K. Lane and Henry Cabot Lodge predicted for it. The Pan-Pacific Union has conducted a number of successful conferences ; scientific, educational, journalistic, commercial, and lastly and most vital of all, that on the conservation of food and food products in the Pacific area, for the Pacific regions from now on must insure the world against the horrors of food shortage and its inevitable conclusion. The real serious human action of the Pan-Pacific Union begins. It is fol- lowing up the work of the Pan-Pacific Food Conservation Conference by the establishment of a Pan-Pacific Research Institution where primarily the study and work will be along the lines necessary in solving the problems of food production and conservation in the Pacific Area,—land and sea. Added to this, will be the study of race and population problems that so vitally affect our vast area of the Pacific, the home of more than half of the peoples who in- habit this planet. The thoughts and actions of these peoples and races toward each other as they are today, and as they should be, for the welfare of all, will be a most important problem before the Union, as well as the problem of feeding in the future those teeming swarms of races, that must be well fed to preserve a peaceful attitude toward each other. The Pan-Pacific Union is an organization in no way the agency of any Pacific Government, yet having the goodwill of all, with the Presidents and Premiers of Pacific lands as its honorary heads. Affiliated and working with the Pan-Pacific Union are Chambers of Commerce, educational, scientific and other bodies. It is supported in part by government and private appropria- tions and subscriptions. Its central office is in Honolulu, because of its loca- tion at the ocean's crossroads. Its management is under an international board. The following are the chief aims and objects of the Pan-Pacific Union : 1. To bring together from time to time, in friendly conference, leaders in all lines of thought and action in the. Pacific area, that they may become better acquainted ; to assist in pointing them toward cooperative effort for the advancement of those interests that are common to all the peoples. 2. To bring together ethical leaders from every Pacific land who will meet for the study of problems of fair dealings and ways to advance interna- tional justice in the Pacific area, that misunderstanding may be cleared. 3. To bring together from time to time scientific and other leaders from Pacific lands who will present the great vital Pan-Pacific scientific problems including those of race and population, that must be confronted, and if pos- sible, solved by the present generation of Pacific peoples and those to follow. 4. To follow out the recommendations of the scientific and other leaders in the encouragement of all scientific research work of value to Pacific peo- ples ; in the establishment of a Research Institution where such need seems to exist, or in aiding in the establishment of such institutions. 5. To secure and collate accurate information concerning the material re- sources of Pacific lands ; to study the ideas and opinions that mould public opinion among the peoples of the several Pacific races, and to bring men to- gether who can understandingly discuss these in a spirit of fairness that they may point out a true course of justice in dealing with them internationally. 6. To bring together in round table discussion in every Pacific land those of all races resident therein who desire to bring about better understand- ing and cooperative effort among the peoples and races of the Pacific for their common advancement, material and spiritual. 7. To bring all nations and peoples about the Pacific Ocean into closer friendly commercial contact and relationship. To aid and assist those in all Pacific communities to better understand each other, and, through them, spread abroad about the Pacific the friendly spirit of inter-racial cooperation. r ni aiLMiCaiCkittfAiiLMiCLMinizninfiCuiLliirlunuLitnuLainaxCuiCa 04r t.b_li al ta. r gatig tt3itir. CONDUCTED BY ALEXANDER HUME FORD Volume XXIX Number 4 CONTENTS FOR APRIL, 1925 Papers Read at the First Pan-Pacific Food Conservation Conference Called by the Pan-Pacific Union, Honolulu, July 31 to August 14, 1924. The Survey of the Pacific Ocean an Economic Necessity 602 By Colonel E. Lester Jones Olive Products in California 617 By Prof. W. V. Cruess Floating Eggs of Prawns 623 By Dr. K. Kishinouye • Agricultural Experiment Stations in Java - - - - 625 By Dr. P. J. S. Cramer An Australian Survey of Animal and Plant Diseases - 627 Presented by Sir Joseph H. Carruthers • Marine Alesand the Production of Human Food - 633 ,......"'"15' Dr. W. A. Seteheir ---"~"."....--*"...,,. The Soya Bean in Manchuria • 639 By Taro Ito The Problem of Food Succession in Marine Organisms 645 By Prof. T. C. Frye The Fisheries of China 653 By Dr. Arthur De Carle Sowerby 1 Insects in Relation to the New Zealand Food Supply - 665 By Dr. R. J. Tillyard Bulletin of the Pan-Pacific Union - - - - - 681. Now Series, No. 63 Index to Papers and Proceedings of the Pan-Pacific Food • Conservation Conference. qv , Tly fflth-Variftr iiiagazinr its Published monthly by ALEXANDER HUME FORD, Honolik T. IL Printed by the Honolulu Star-Bulletin, Ltd. Yearly subscriptiOn in the Uni d States and possevions, $3.00 in advance. Canada and Mexico, $3.25. For all foreign countries, $3.50. Single copies, 25c. Entered as second-class matter at the Honolulu Po:Mance. Permission is given to publish articles from the Mid-Pacific Magazine ''' PUTIVITUHL.71R7P7TR711(7HY.71B30:711VM.711C711Y7DY7DWursuluitocrupficrittyrpoq Iv, tut. R-.711K7ITC:=71 602 THE MID-PACIFIC THE MID-PACIFIC 603 "21,1, • • virmstr,14 • • 4, • vxm.s.,•Ar•,,,gs,trps,412 The Survey of re the Pacific Ocean Is an Economic Necessity By COL. E. LESTER JONES 4 Director, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. 4.• Read at the Pan-Pacific Food Conservation Conference • aa•4VNIViAMWt • 114\ Col. E. Lester Jones, Director, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. The Coast and Geodetic Survey is satsifactory terms of international co- said to be the oldest scientific organ- operation. ization in the United States. May I By the immediate adoption of a com- then claim for it the prerogative of prehensive and farsighted plan, pro- submitting, for the mature considera- viding for all essential elements, yet tion of this Conference, and for such elastic enough to be modified in de- further action as may be deemed prop- tail as new' developments may arise, er thereafter, both by the Pan-Pacif- all the fragmentary results gradually ic Union and the Governments to obtained will fit into the final mosaic, whom reports are made, a concrete as permanent and valuable contribu- proposal ? tions to the ultimate sum of accom- This is an undertaking that will require plishment. Every step will be toward generations for its consummation, yet of the goal. such immediate benefit that a .beginning Existing organizations should be should be made by this generation. utilized, so far as practicable. Our The Coast and Geodetic Survey has first hand knowledge of the earth, the honor to suggest that the Pan- after thousands of years' existence on Pacific Union take steps looking to- it, is limited to 3/4 mile below sea ward a carefully-devised plan for a level. Man has not yet trodden the complete survey of the Pacific Ocean, highest known spot on the surface, and the publication of a series of charts Mount Everest, 29,002 feet high, on uniform projections and scales and though Finch and Bruce, on May 27, with uniform symbols, and that the 1922, reached an altitude of 27,200 question be referred to the Govern- feet or 5.15 miles above the sea. Man ments of the 22 Pacific Nations with has got a trifle higher by airplane ; a recommendation that they confer Sadi Leconte, at Villa Corblay, France, concerning its feasibility and mutually last October, having climbed to 36,- 604 THE [D-PACIFIC %, .440 0 /0 \¥ \\%.?.; .4 e 0 7:1 ZL.1. .0, 2 0 0 0J ;0-4 a. '0 '' b4 • r-— 0 .0 "Z"-1 c, t0 CZ) 0 ,,%"' t3 } p a t; " "t3 • '4,' 5. • ;;".: • b,0 —Z ."`"3. 72 .14 a, a o ••-o T) 7.2 ot , tN,4 o 4't "6— C,2 „ 0, • "." s.. 0, 2 q, a. .0 . t 10 +0, 0.! -Q.,• '`<. 0 0 '0 Ltja, 2: 0, 2 0.. 0 0 12 0 ^.0 4-a 7Z; -)9.1 Czt 0 .0 „.„ .4-, 0 0 ,0 • 0 0 0 0 THE MID-PACIFIC 605 564 feet, nearly 7 miles. It will be haps similar to the progress sketches seen that a spherical shell, less than prepared for the Annual Reports of 8 miles thick, is the limit of effec- the Coast and Geodetic Survey. tive occupation in a vertical direction. Thus much, by way of an inventory True, by sounding balloons and dredges, of assets ; indicating areas satisfac- our knowledge has reached somewhat torily surveyed and charted, areas partly farther.