Comprehensive Regeneration of Informal Neighbourhoods Antananarivo’s Workshop - Activity Report September 2007 Commission 3 - Metropolis Antananarivo’s Workshop Activity Report CREDITS METROPOLIS Josep Roig, Secretary General Christine Piquemal, Deputy Secretary General PREFEITURA MUNICIPAL DE SÃO PAULO Elisabete França,Secretary of Low Income Housing TECHNICAL COORDINATOR Verena Andreatta, International Consultant EXECUTIVE COORDINATOR Gabriel Barros, METROPOLIS Secretariat General AUTORES Elisabete França, Secretary of Low Income Housing for São Paulo Claudius Vinicius Leite Pereira, President and Director of the Urbanization Company of Belo Horizonte Hélcio Borges, Urbanization Company of Belo Horizonte Fernando Cavalieri, Director of Geographic Information at the Pereira Passos Institute, Río de Janeiro Lalaonira Rahamefy,Director General of SEIMAD (Real Estate Equipment Society of Madagascar) Verena Andreatta, International Consultant Edition: Secretary of Housing, São Paulo Municipal Government Graphic Design: Ricardo Shigaki September 2008 Commission3 - Metropolis Antananarivo’s Workshop Activity Report CONTENTS COMPREHENSIVE REGENERATION OF INFORMAL NEIGHBOURHOODS Do the same problems require the same solutions? Presentation 1 Objectives 2 Desired results 2 Proposed methodology 3 Participants 3 EXPERIENCES IN URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT IN PRECARIOUS NEIGHBOURHOODS: Components, the Gradual Approach and Levels of Implementation Verena Andreatta 4 COMPREHENSIVE REGENERATION PROJECT OF ANDAVANAMBA AND ANOSIBE DISTRICTS (ANTANANARIVO) Verena Andreatta based upon the PowerPoint submitted by Mr. Lalaonira Rahamefy 16 THE METROPOLITAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM IN WATER SOURCES: The case of São Paulo Elisabete França 24 THE VILA VIVA (LIVE VILLAGE) Serra agglomerate program and the Interventions of structuring character Cláudius Vinícius Leite Pereira and Hélcio Martins Borges 42 THE FAVELA-BAIRRO PROGRAMME OF THE CITY OF RIO DE JANEIRO Fernando Cavallieri 54 COMMISSION 3 TECHNICAL TRAINING WORKSHOP Recommendations 75 Commission3 - Metropolis Antananarivo’s Workshop Activity Report Comprehensive Regeneration of Informal Neighbourhoods: Do the same problems require the same solutions? ANTANANARIVO MADAGASCAR 1. PRESENTATION In the first “Comprehensive Neighbourhood Regeneration” meeting held by Metropolis Commission 3 in São Paulo in April 2006, the African and Brazilian cities demonstrated their interest in working together on the problematic issues and solutions to bring to informally settled neighbourhoods. Aiming to respond to this request, Metropolis proposes to organise a “Technical Training Workshop” for African cities interested in comprehensive neighbourhood regeneration projects during the meetings held inAntananarivo in September. Given the city's hands-on experience in informal neighbourhoods, which was widely discussed, recognised, and celebrated in 2005 with the “Improvement project for the neighbourhoods of Andavamamba and Anosibe in the southwestern zone of Antananarivo,” the metropolis is a particularly appropriate place to hold this workshop. We will be able to take advantage of the opportunity to gain in-depth knowledge of other informal settlement regeneration projects like “Isotry.” Exchanges between the managers and technicians regarding the projects and good practices will count on the support of experts from Brazilian cities (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Belo Horizonte) and Barcelona. Two questions seem to be of interest given the present condition of comprehensive neighbourhood regeneration projects on theAfrican continent: What are the different levels of implementation for works on public service infrastructure and equipment?Are the works in question structural and/or isolated? How have the health education, environmental, and professional training and capacity- building programmes for community actors in the zones of intervention been carried out? Could we consider the use and maintenance of the newly created spaces to be “good”! Commission3 - Metropolis 1 Antananarivo’s Workshop Activity Report 2. OBJECTIVES The objectives proposed for this workshop were: 1)Allow theexchange of experiences between the actors who participate in projects of comprehensive improvement for informal settlements in African cities and Brazilian cities (South-South exchange). Some practical cases from Anatananarivo will be subject to analysis by the group of workshop participants as examples and paradigms for implementing comprehensive regeneration projects. 2)Analise the differentlevels of implementation of urbanisation in the presented and visited projects. Learn the most appropriate tools and techniques for achieving physical improvements in informal settlements. 3)Find out how management programmes in health, the environment, and professional trainingfunction in zones which have already received large and comprehensive intervention with irrevocable improvements in the lives of their inhabitants. This includes identifying the most effective elements of each experience and incorporating them into the good practices to attain sustainability. 4)Noticethe extent to which a transformation has taken place in the labour, income, and health conditions of the inhabitants of the zones benefiting from comprehensive regeneration projects, as well as the most suitable indicators for improving evaluation and monitoring. This includes identifying the best practices for fighting against poverty. 5)Exchange experiences in comprehensive regeneration projects for informalneighbourhoods which weremanaged by foreign non-governmental organisations, enjoyed a high level of participation, and were carried out in African cities (North-South exchange). 3. DESIRED RESULTS A synthesis of the debates will be useful for developing a “catalogue of good practices ” starting from the different situations of neighbourhoods benefiting from comprehensive regeneration programmes, and especially with respect to the levels of implementation for works and infrastructure. This also includespresenting the best examples from the planned and visited sites which stand out because of the good management and monitoring of the norms of health and environmental education by the beneficiary governments and populations, as well as the guaranteed continuous maintenance of the works or constructed equipment. We anticipate thetraining of municipal technicians in more operational subjects such as the levels of implantation of basic infrastructure, the management of socially and environmentally oriented programmes, and the training of community actors, to name a few. Commission3 - Metropolis 2 Antananarivo’s Workshop Activity Report 4. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY Three working days were proposed to present the case studies of Antananarivo and the Brazilian cities (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte). The presentation of the case studies, their practical experiences, and the lessons learned adhered to a dynamic methodology with the participation of all the attendees. The technical visits within Antananarivo were mandatory in order to become acquainted with the physical works already completed and the function and use of the newly created spaces. This workshop was directed at municipal technicians, institutions, and municipal companies related to the management and implementation of comprehensive neighbourhood regeneration projects in informal settlements. 5. PARTICIPANTS Secretariat General METROPOLIS Josep Roig Christine Piquemal Technical Coordination: VerenaAndreatta Techical Coordination: Gabriel Barros ParticipantExperts and Cities : Rahamefy Lalalonira -Antananarivo Helcio Borges - Belo Horizonte Fernando Cavallieri - Rio de Janeiro Elisabete França - São Paulo Commission3 - Metropolis 3 Antananarivo’s Workshop Activity Report EXPERIENCES IN URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT IN PRECARIOUS NEIGHBOURHOODS: Components, the Gradual Approach and Levels of Implementation. Verena Andreatta 1. The aim of this presentation is to reflect on a series of common elements in recent cases of urban planning and development in informal or precarious settlements, to which I will refer hereafter by the name given to such settlements in Brazil: “favelas”. This article describes three cases. One is from South America: the Favela-Bairro Programme in Rio de Janeiro which I helped to manage for eight years. The other two cases are both in Africa: in Morocco, in the Mediterranean city of Tetouan, where I worked as a direct consultant on the project to improve the Korrat Sbaa neighbourhood; and in Yaoundé, the capital of Cameroon, where I worked as a consultant for the CatalanAssociation of Engineers Without Borders. The subject has currently enormous interest: the most recent figures show that more than one billion people live today in favelas located in large cities all over the world. There probably exist more than two hundred thousand favelas, with their population ranging from a few hundred to nearly one million people.1 The phenomenon seems set to continue growing inexorably, as Sergio Magalhães, former Rio de Janeiro Housing Secretary, made clear in an article for a local newspaper a few years ago: “According to Brazil's 2000 census, ten million new homes are built every year – the equivalent of Portugal's entire housing park – and 75% of these new residences were built in the most absolutely precarious urban and building conditions, thereby creating an illegal city”. Although the first favela in Rio de Janeiro appeared in the Morro de Providencia neighbourhodd in the 1880s, the phenomenon