In the name of Allah The Most copossionate Merciful Sudan University of Science and Technology College of Graduate Studies C0llege of Languages, A Translation from the Book: "Light of Belief in the Life of the Imam of Messengers" by Mohammed Al-Khodari (Pages from 57-103) ترمجةمن كتاب نور اليقني يف سرية سيد املرسلني " ملؤلفه: حممد اخلضري ) الصفحات 301-75( A thesis Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of M.Sc. in English Language (translation) Translated by: Supervised by: Inaam Marouf Hag Elamin Eltom Dr. Abass Mokhatar Mohammed Badwi April 2020 1 Dedication To the soul of my deceased parents, and all the late members of my family, May Allah rest them in peace. To my dear brother / Mu'tasim.... To my all brothers and sisters and all the members of my family, and May Allah The Almighty prolong their life and enjoy health and wellness…………………………………. To my beloved young son / Mohammed and my husband / Yasser, who patiently on my education and all members of their family........ To all my teachers ……………………………………..……………… To Dr. Abbas Mukhtar who supervised to my research................... I First exodus: exodus to Abyssinia People were ready to leave their homes and belongings and ready to flee to protect their religion, as had advised it the Prophet- prayer and peace be upon him. It was the first mass exit from Mecca Took part to this exodus ten men and five women: Othman ibn Affan his wife Roqia the daughter of the Prophet. Abu Salama, his wife Umm Salama, uterine brother Abu Sahra ibn Abu Rohm, his wife Umm Kalthoum, Amer ibn Abu Rabia, his wife, Leila, Abu Hozaifa ibn Ataba, his wife Sahla bint Souheïl, Abderrahmane ibn Awf, Othman ibn Mazone, Mosaab ibn Omair ibn Sauhel ibn al Baida and Zubair ibn al-Awam. Most of them were from Qoraichites. The head of the expedition, Based on what reported Ibn Hisham, was Othman ibn Madonna. They began on the road with the blessing of Allah. Once in the sea, Them prepared a boat, which led them into port. They lived now from any persecution that could make them suffer the pagans. A small number of faithful remained with the Prophet. Omar 's conversion This was at the time, that the courageous and valiant Omar ibn al- Khattab al-Adaoui the Qurayshi converted to Islam after what he had felt like hatred against Muslims and his horrible abuse. Leila, an immigrant with her husband in Abyssinia, told "Omar ibn al-Khattab was badly against was about our conversion to Islam When I mounted on my camel and was preparing to take the road to Abyssinia, he came in my way. He was said to me-Where are you going, Umm Abdallah? -You have indicted us so much torment by hatred of our religion. We leave for the land of Allah, there where at least we will not be persecute 1 -May Allah accompany you! When I saw my husband, I told him all the finesse of Omar. He said to me: Do you hope that he will convert to islam. I swear by Allah that he will convert when the donkey of al-Khattab will convert It was normal to say it because he had closely observed the harshness and the violence of the man against Muslims. But it was achieved by the blessing urges invocations by al-Mustafa said before that Omar was converted to Islam: -Allah, make that Islam is fortified by Omar! His conversion took place at Dar al-Arqam ibn al-Arqam where Muslims gathered. Allah answered the wish of the Prophet prayer and peace be upon him-. Ahdallah ibn Massoud told the comments reported by al-Bukhari-: -We did not cease of highness after Omar's conversion He asked the Prophet to what is announced publicly his prayer at the mosque, and this was done. The conversion of Omer made the unbelievers angrier and they swallowed bitterly and wrongly. They thus wanted to kill him. They gathered a day around his house and waited for him firmly when appeared al- Ass ibn Waul as-Suhmi(he was of Banu Sahm allies Banou Oday, Omar tribe) wearing a borda(loose-fitting dress, a cloak) decorated with reasons and a shirt to which the pan was hemmed of silk. He addressed Omar by asking: What is wrong with you? -Your contributes are determined to kill me if I convert to Islam. -The way is shut, no one can reach you, I will guarantee your protection. Omar was then able to declare his faith. Al - Ass found out an influx of people down the valley -Where are you going? What do you seek here? -We want that ibn al-Khattab, he became sabean. -Learn that the way that leads to him is cut. People dispersed and returned as they had come. 2 Return of expatriates of Abyssinia Three months passed since the release of the expatriates of Abyssinia. They returned to Mecca life was not easy for them because they were a minority in the number there is certainly no shortage of company. We can add to this that they were part of the nobles of the Qurayshi with their wives, they could in these circumstances to accept a life of exiles. Some historians would pursue an anecdote that they consider to be the origin of the return of expatriates of Abyssinia. They have learned, according to the story, that their fellowmen entered into Islam when the Prophet had read the Surah"An-Najm, The star" and had the admiration of their deities as he said: {So have you considered al-Lat and al-'Uzza? And Manat, the Third- the other one?} (Qur'an, An-Najm, 53:19-20). These flamingos- plural-Flamingo, are birds which designate the angels of high rank, which it is hoped the intercession. They endured with consideration and happiness. This should not be reported except for a minority of historians who enter lack of common sense and who transmit everything without ensuring its authenticity. We will set out arguments of transmission and reason showing the falsity of what comes to be recounted. The reference and the original text of the hadith are problematic. For what is the reference, Qadi Ayad said in "ach-Chifa'. healing" "None of people to authentic have been reported to say it and no trustworthy by a valid reference told it. In the speech, the Companions of the Messenger of Allah or the contrarian does are also devoid of common sense such us confuse a laudatory speech from a critical one without establishing boundaries. After talking about the idols, he said: 3 { They are not but [mere]} names you have named them you and your forefathers for which Allah has sent down no authority They follow not except assumption and what [their]? sons desire, and [There] has already come to them from their Lord guidance. (Qur'an An Najm, 53:23). "The speech is aberrant. If that were to happen, The contrarian alleged it as an argument, which they could have used against him in a possible dispute. We know to what degree they do not abandon when it was anything without the slightest argument. The rumor that circulated was not of lesser importance to the change of the Qibla towards Mecca. However, the rumor started, and they took the freedom to say anything. Allah dealt with them as people of weakness of mind and sent down in this regard, in the Surah "The cow" {The weak of mind among the people will say "that has turned them off(Qibla) branch to which they were previous obstinacy having praised them oriented. It was heard from none of their men and numbers one of obstinacy. -What happens to you? You have criticized our deities after having praised them. It would have been better for them to draw the sword to sacrifice human lives. Historians who transmit this expression and regard it as the cause of the return of the emigrants to Abyssinia say meanwhile that the departure for exile was at least of rajab(7th month of the Muslim calendar), that the 4 return was in chawal(10th month) and surah An- Najm was lowered in ramadan(9th month). if doing these calculations, we find that the interval of time between the descent of the Surah and the return of the emigrants around a month. But, a month was not sufficient at the time to go to Maeca from Abyssinia and to return back. There was no steam, which could facilitate the travel at sea. There was also no telegraph to hear from Abyssinia the news of the conversion of the Quraysh. No wonder, after what you just said, this legend, as part of the subjects of tradition to deal With people of passion that Allah uses to test our religion. But praise to Allah, make us through the preservation of our glorious Book that decides between us and between all liar. In the same Surah, it is said {and He speaks nothing as a result of the passion}(Qur'an; An Najm. 53:3). How the Prophet, -prayer and peace upon him could indulge to say it and how was it that he would accept in its expression what is to corroborate the skepticism fueled from the revelation? It was the objective of the poor spirits, but Allah defeated their petty maneuver and fit to return against them. It was reported in the Sahih on bowing, the testimony of Ibn Massoud: The Prophet, -prayer and peace be upon him recited Surah An- Najm and made a prostration and everyone endured, (except) a man who took a handful of pebbles or sand- and pointed out at the level of his face and said.