HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT ESCALATION IN WEST PAPUA The sixth report of the International Coalition for Papua (ICP) The sixth report of the International Coalition for Papua (ICP) The sixth report of the International Coalition for Papua (ICP) The sixth report of the International Coalition for Papua (ICP) provides covering events from January 2017 until December 2018 covering events from January 2017 until December 2018 covering events from January 2017 until December 2018 an analysis of violations from January 2017 until December 2018 and an overview of developments in 2019. Compiled by the International Coalition for Papua Compiled by the International Coalition for Papua Compiled by the International Coalition for Papua and the Westpapua-Netzwerk. and the Westpapua-Netzwerk. Compiledand the Westpapua-Netzwerk. by the International Coalition for Papua and the Westpapua-Netzwerk Image 2 - Color scheme 01 Image 2 - Color scheme 02 Image 2 - Color scheme 03 MEDIUM SEA GREEN (R60 G179 B113 - HEX #3CB371) SEA GREEN (R46 G139 B87 - HEX #0B6623) FOREST GREEN (R11 G102 B35 - HEX #0B6623) SACRAMENTO GREEN (R0 G78 B56 - HEX #004E38) TEA GREEN (R208 G240 B192 - HEX #D0F0C0) LIME GREEN (R199 G234 B70 - HEX ##C7EA46) HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT ESCALATION IN WEST PAPUA HUMThe sixthAN RIGHTreport Sof AND the International CONFLICT ESCCoalitionALATION for Papua IN WEST (ICP) PprovidesAPUA an analysis of violations Tfromhe six Januaryth repor 2017t of untilthe I ntDecemberernational 2018 Coalition and an f oroverview Papua (ofIC developmentsP) in 2019. covering events from January 2017 until December 2018 January 2020 December 2019 English Edition Wuppertal - Geneva Wuppertal, Geneva Published by the International Coalition for Papua (ICP), wwww.humanrightspapua.orgww.humanrightspapua.org Rudolfstr. 137, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany Editing: ICP Secretariat English Edition Photographers: ISBN: 978-3-921900-42-0 PAntoineublished Lemaire by: International Coalition for Papua (ICP), Rudolfstr. 137, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany Editing:Carole Reckinger ICP Secretar (www.carolereckinger.com)iat Indonesian Edition ISBN: Published by the International Coalition for Papua (ICP), Graphic designer: Indonesian Edition Rudolfstr. 137, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany Teguh Prastowo (www.teguhprastowo.com) Published by: International Coalition for Papua (ICP), Rudolfstr. 137, Co-Published42285 Wupper bytal Fransiscans, Germany International, Rue de Vermont 37, CPrint:o-published by: Franciscans International, Rue de Vermont 37, 12021202 Geneva, Geneva, Switz Switzerlanderland Editing:English edition ICP Secr byetar Druckereiiat & Budi Brandt Tjahjono Editing: ICP Secretariat & Budi Tjahjono TIndonesianranslation: edition Fransisca by AKALBUDIK. Network (@akalbudinetwork) Translation: Fransisca K. ISBN: ISBN: 978-3-921900-43-7 PhotYou canogr aphers:download this publication here: Antoine Lemaire This report was printed CO2 neutral and Carole Reckinger - www.carolereckinger.co.uk on 100% recycled paper. Graphic designer: Teguh Prastowo - www.teguhprastowo.com Print: natureOffice.com | 1V6-BSC-613103 English version Druckerei Brandt Contributing Organisations: Asian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) Papuan Legal Aid Institute (LBH Papua) awasMIFEE! Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) DMembersemocratic of A Internationallliance for Papua Coalition (AIDP) for Papua: FoundationLOKATARU for Papuan Village Children (YADUPA) AsiaAsian J usticeHuman and Rights Rights Commision (ajar) FranciscansManokwari InternationalInstitute for R (FI)esearch Study and Development of Amnesty International Indonesia Legal Aid (LP3BH Manokwari) Cristian Solidarity Worldwide Geneva for Human Rights (GHR) Inter-Peoples Workshop for Learning (BELANTARA Papua) Center for Women Empowerment and Development of the Dominicans for Justice and Peace Institute of Policy Research and Advocacy (ELSAM) Organisation for Women Advocacy (eL_adPPer) JUBIChr istianAssociation Evangelical (JUBI) Church in Papua (P3W-GKI-TP) IFransiscansnstitute of PInternationalolicy Research and Advocacy (ELSAM) Pasifika (PASIFIKA) Justice, Peace and Integrity of Creation Desk of the Evangelical PGenevaapuan Ifornstitut Humane for Rights Human - Global Rights TrainingStudies and Advocacy of Pacific Islands Associaton of Non-Governmental Christian Church in Papua (JPIC GKI-TP) PLutheranapua (EL WorldSHAM Federation Papua) Organisations (PIANGO) Justice, Peace and Integrity of Creation Desk of the Papuan FMédcinsranciscans du IMondenternational (FI) Center for Study, Documentation and Advocacy on Peoples Geneva for Human Rights (GHR) TabernacleRights (PU SChurchAKA) (JPIC KINGMI Papua) Mission 21 Women's Voices HUMI INANE Foundation (HUMI INANE) LOKATARUOffice for J Foundationustice and Peace of the Franciscan Order in Papua IMissionndependent EineWelt Human Rights Lawyer (IHRL) Manokwari(SKP Fransisk Institutean Papua) for Research Study and Development of HPaxuman Romana Rights Advocacy Network on Law Enforcement and LegalOffice Aid for (LP3BH Justice Manokwari)and Peace of the Arch-Diocese Merauke HTAPOLuman Rights of the Papuan Central Highlands (JAPH-HAM) Office(SKP Kame) for Justice and Peace of the Archdiocese Merauke (SKP PUnitedapuan Evangelical Peoples Net Missionwork for Natural Resources and ECOSOC Kame)TAPOL RUnitingights ( JChurchERAT) of Australia OfficePapuan forW omen'sJustice Nandetw Peaceork on of H theuman Franciscan Rights (T OrderIKI) in Papua JVIVATustice International, Peace and Integrity of Creation Desk of the Evangelical (SKPWat chFransiskan Indonesia! Papua) (WI) Christian Church in Papua (JPIC GKI-TP) Westpapua-Netzwerk (WPN) Westpapua-Netzwerk Papua Research Team - Indonesia Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Justice, Peace and Integrity of Creation Desk of the Papuan PapuanFoundation Institute for P forapuan Human Village Rights Childr Studyen ( andYAD UAdvocacyPA) TWestaber naclePapua C Projecthurch (-J PUniversityIC KINGM ofI P Sydneyapua) Mother Hope Foundation of Papua (YHI-P) (ELSHAM Papua) JWorldUBI Association Council of (ChurchesJUBI) Papuan Lotus Heart Foundation (YTHP) Papuan Peoples Network for Natural Resource and ECOSOC MembersContributing of the Organisations: International Coalition for Papua Rights (JERAT Papua) AAmnestysian Human International Rights Commission Indonesia PapuansMission EineWBehindelt Bars (PBB) ChrAsiaistian Justice Solidar and itRightsy Wor ldwide(AJAR) Pazifik-NetzwerkPax Romana DAssociationominicans offor Human Justice Rightsand Peace Lawyers for Papua (PAHAM SuaraTAPOL Papua (SP) FPapua)ranciscans International TAPOLUnited Evangelical Mission GenevaCenter for for Study, Human Documentation Rights - Global and Training Advocacy on WatchUniting Indonesia! Church of (WI) Australia LPeople’sutheran Rights World (PUSAKA)Federation Westpapua-NetzwerkVIVAT International (WPN) MDemocraticédcins du MAllianceonde for Papua (AIDP) Westpapua-Netzwerk MFoundationensen met for een Justice Missie the Integrity of the Papuan People ContributingWest Papua P rIndividuals:oject - University of Sydney M(YKKMP)ission 21 Dr.W orJamesld Council Elmslie of (UniversityChurches of Sydney) Cover image: Four Papuan boys watch an Indonesian military Mi17 helicopter at Erwer airport in Agats, Asmat district, in West Papua on January 27, 2018. Worried parents braved long queues and scorching heat in the remote Papuan jungle to get their sick babies treated, as the impoverished region grapples with a deadly measles-and-malnutrition outbreak. (Bay Ismoyo/AFP) HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT ESCALATION IN WEST PAPUA The sixth report of the International Coalition for Papua (ICP) provides an analysis of violations from January 2017 until December 2018 and an overview of developments in 2019. Contributing Organisations: Contents SECTION I INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Executive Summary 2 1.2 Editorial Update 2019 5 1.3 The International Coalition for Papua 8 SECTION 2 ABOUT WEST PAPUA 12 2.1 History 12 2.2 Geography 15 2.3 Ethnography 17 SECTION 3 POLITICAL AND CIVIL RIGHTS 22 3.2 Freedom of Peaceful Assembly 41 3.3 The Right to Liberty and Security of Person 47 3.4 Human Rights Defenders 53 3.5 Extra-judicial Killings 62 3.6 Torture and Ill-treatment 81 SECTION 4 ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS 114 4.1 Right to Education 115 4.2 Right to Health 122 4.3 The Right to Food 131 4.4 Labour Rights 138 SECTION 5 SITUATION OF WOMEN 148 5.1 Violence against Women 149 5.2 Economic, Social and Cultural Marginalisation 155 5.3 Participation in Politics and Governance 160 SECTION 6 INDIGENOUS PEOPLES‘ RIGHTS 166 6.1 Transmigration and Demography 167 6.2 Deforestation, Land Grabbing and the Exploitation of Natural Resources 177 SECTION 7 GOVERNANCE, LEGAL SYSTEM AND SECURITY SECTOR 190 7.1 Development Policy and Security Approach 191 7.2 Criminal Code Reform 197 7.3 National Human Rights Mechanisms - Shortages, Challenges & Opportunities 201 7.4 Democracy and elections in West Papua 207 7.5 The Indonesian Military and its Influence 212 SECTION 8 CONFLICT TRANSFORMATION 218 8.1 Armed Conflict 219 8.2 Religious Confrontation 230 8.3 Decolonisation in the Pacific 234 8.4 Government Position and Public Opinion 240 8.5 West Papua at the United Nations and other International Government Organisations (IGOs) 244 GLOSSARY 255 1 INTRODUCTION UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra'ad al-Hussein (2nd from left) meets Indonesian President PoliticalJoko Widodo and Civil (r.) at Rights the Presidential Palace in Jakarta, February 6, 2018. (REUTERS/Darren Whiteside) SECTION 1 Introduction 1.1 Executive Summary Throughout 2017 to