DOCUMENT RESUME ED 325 908 EA 022 303 AUTHOR Grossman, Gary M.; And Others TITLE Achieving Educational Excellence: The Challenge of the 90's in the Federated States of Micronesia. Final Report: Managing Change for Educational Improvement. INSTITUTION Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Center on Education and Training for Employment. SPONS AGENCY Micronesia Dept. of Human Resources, Palikir, Pohnpei. Office of Education. PUB DATE Jan 90 CONTRACT FSM-45 NOTE 430p.; For an overview of findings and recommendations, see EA 022 302. PUB TYPE Reports - Research/Technical (143) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC18 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Curriculum Development; Demography; *Educational Assessment; Educational Finance; Elementary Secondary Education; *Excellence in Education; *Foreign Countries; Governance; Population Growth; *School Effectiveness; *School Restructuring IDENTIFIERS *Micronesia ABSTRACT A review of the problems and potential of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) elementary-secondary educational system and a brief summary of the postsecondary system are provided in this report. Methodology involved dialogues with approximately 1,500 citizens; a survey of 870 government leaders, school administrators, teachers, parents, and students; site visitation and observation; and document analysis. Part 1, the national report, an introduction to the study; relevant social, historical, and demographic issues; methodology, survey results, fifteen recommendations; and the estimated costs of implementation. In part 2, state reports and recommendations from Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei, and Kosrae (FSM) are presented. Recommendations are made for increasing citizen participation in decision making, valuing employment and career progress, balancing economics and educational needs, and providing equal educational opportunities. Thirty tables and four figures are included. Appendices contain interview schedules and coding instructions. (26 references) (LMI) *********************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * ******************************************************************** Z'A Achieving Educational Excellence: The Challenge of the 90's in the Federated States of Micronesia POHNPEIKOSRAE FINAL REPORT: MANAGING CHANGEFOR EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENT Government of the Federated States ofMicronesia Department of Human Resources Office of Education Pohnpei "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS U.S. OEPARMIENT Of EDI/CAMS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY Office of Educahonal Research and improvement EOUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION %/CENTER (ERIC) Ms documost has Won reproduced as received horn the person u, organization onginating it OMin Orchanges have been mad* to improve reproduction quality TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Points of ssw or opinions statd in this (loci,. ment do not necessarily represent official INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC).- OERI positionOf policy January 1990 :1",;,73-!.or,zAr-79e,Saagr-Z-441,11Zlinr.,::?Y**41,P.M.14`: ACHIEVING EDUCATIONAL EXCELLENCE: THE CHALLENGE OF THE 90'S IN THE FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA FINAL REPORT: MANAGING CHANGE FOR EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENT Gary M. Grossman Harry N. Drier Harold Starr Developed for The Government of the Federated States of Micronesia Department of Human Resoteces Office of Education Palikir, Pohnpei January 1990 Funding Information Project Title: A Study to Prepare a Management Plan for the Improvement of Educational and Manpower Systems in the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) Contract Number: FS M 45 Source of Government of the Federated States of Micronesia Contract: Department of Human Resources Office of Education Palikir, Pohnpei Contractor: Center on Education and Training for Employment The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 43210-1090 Executive Director: Ray D. Ryan Project Director: Harry N. Drier Disclaimer: This publication was prepared pursuant to a contract with the National Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Department of Human Resources. Contractors undertak- ing such projects under government sponsorship are encouraged to express freely their judgment in professional and technical matters. Points of view or opinions do not, there- fore, necessarily represent official Federated States Department of Interiors position or policy or that of the Center on Education and Training for Employment. No distribution or use of this report is authorized without permission of the Federated States Micronisia Office of Education. Discrimination Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 states: "No person In the United States shall, on the Prohibited: grounds of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance." Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 states: "No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance." Therefore, the National Center for Research in Vocational Education Project, like every program or activity receiving financial assistance from the U.S. Department of Education, must be oper ated in compliance with these laws. CONTENTS FOREWORD vii PREFACE ix PART I: NATIONAL REPORT 1. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY 1 2. RELEVANT SOCIAL, HISTORICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC ISSUES 9 3. METHODOLOGY 17 4. EDUCATIONAL REFORM IN THE FSM: SURVEY RESULTS 25 5. EMPLOYMENT AND EDUCATION IN THE FSM 65 6. GOVERNANCE, STRUCTURE, POLICY, AND LEADERSHIP 75 7. SCHOOL FINANCE 83 8. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 97 PART II: STATE REPORTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS INTRODUCTION TO THE STATE REPORTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 125 1. POHNPEI 129 2. KOSRAE 181 3. CHUUK 221 4. YAP 265 PART III: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 311 o Authors 311 o Contributing Writers 314 o Project Stuff and Consultants 319 o Contributors 320 o FSM Citizens and Agencies Participating in the Study 323 PART IV: APPENDIX A. Leaders Interview Schedule B. Leaders Coding Instructions C. Administrators Interview Schedule D. Administrators Coding Instructions E. Teachers Interview Schedule F. Teachers Coding Instructions References iii 5 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES Page 1. ESTIMATED POPULATION GROWTH IN THE FSM, 1935 TO 2000 14 2. ESTIMATED FSM STUDENT ENROLLMENT BY AGE, 1989 TO 2000 15 3. SURVEY PARTICIPANTS 20 4. THE MEANING OF EDUCATION 28 5. EQUAL ACCESS FOR MEN AND WOMEN 29 6. RATIONALE FOR ACCESS 30 7. THE PROBLEMS WITH SCHOOLS 32 8. LEADERS' PREFERRED ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES 36 9. LEADr1S0 PREFERRED ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES TO EIJCATION 36 10. GOVERNMENT'S KNOWLEDGE OF SCHOOL SUCCESS 38 11. DESIRABILITY OF U.S. FUNDING 39 12. RESPONSE TO REDUCED FUNDING 40 13. LEVEL OF ADMINISTRATOR CONTROL 42 14. ADMINISTRATOR PERCEPTIONS OF SCHOOLNEEDS 43 15. ADMINISTRATOR PERCEPTIONS OF MOSTIMPORTANT CURRICULUM AREAS 44 16. ADMINISTRATOR PERCEPTIONS OF PARENTINTEREST 46 17. TEACHER PERCEPTIONS OF SCHOOL NEEDS 47 18. TEACHER PERCEPTIONS OF MOST IMPORTANTCURRICULUM 48 19. SUMMARY TABLE OF FSM DATA BY RESPONDENTGROUP 56 20. THE BEST JOBS AVAILABLE 67 21. OTHER JOBS AVAILABLE 68 22. PERCEPTIONS OF OUTMIGRATION 73 23. LANGUAGE IN THE CLASSROOM 79 24. EDUCATION BUDGETS AND SALARIES (ALL SOURCES) 88 25. AVERAGE FSM EXPENDITURE PER STUDENT, FY 1989 91 26. U.S. FEDERAL GRANT FUNDING AND THEEDUCATION BUDGET 92 27. SUMMARY TABLE OF POHNPEI DATA BY RESPONDENTGROUP 171 28. SUMMARY TABLE OF KOSRAE DATA BY RESPONDENTGROUP 211 29. SUMMARY TABLE OF CHUUX DATA BY RESPONDENTGROUP 255 30. SUMMARY TABLE OF YAP DATA BY RESPONDENT GROUP 303 Figures 1. FY 1989 operations budget breakdown 86 2. FY 1989 operations funding by source 87 3. Revenue sources by year, FY 1987-1991 89 4. Proposed national office restructuring 103 vi FOREWORD The Center on Education and Training for Employment, The Ohio State University, was asked to review and study the complete educational system within the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). During the study the issues of the efficiency, accessibility, and effectiveness of the existing educational system were carefully analyzed, resulting in a variety of recommendations and suggested methods for achievement, which are contained in this report. During the course of this study, a project staff of nine persons visited over 75 elementary and secondary schools and (5 postsecondary campuses) and interviewed over 1,500 persons in the four states and on many of the islands. Leaders in both national and state education, as well as legislators, members of the Board of Regents, college presidents, and government officials, were interviewed, as were hundreds of teachers, principals, and stu- dents in the elementary and secondary schools. Also important to the study were discussions with employees, postsecondary education federal program operators, and community agencies. Project staff also went beyond FSM officials and citizens in their search for relevant information. Extensive literature reviews were conducted and meetings held with officials in embassies, the U.S. Depart- ments of Education and the Interior, the United States Office of the Peace Corps, and the various units of the University of Hawaii and the East-West Center. This report summary represents the best judgments and creative thinking about the problems facing elementary, secondary, and postsecondary education in the Federated States of Micronesia and likely solutions to those