Planetary Sciences Subcommittee October 2-3, 2008 Doug McCuistion Director, Mars Exploration Program 2 Memorable Scenes Phoenix Meteorology is Changing from Phoenix Spacecraft thruster expose water-ice in permafrost SSI camera images water- ice particles clouds and Top: Robotic Arm delivers their movement soil+ice dug from trench to the Thermal Evolved Gas Analyzer (TEGA) Bottom: TEGA CELL #0 after receiving ice-bearing sample Phoenix images early morning water- Dust Devil frost. Lasts longer every morning as winter approaches Robotic Arm digs trench and discovers water ice. SSI camera documents H2O SSI camera images multiple sublimation. dust devils TEGA’s mass spectrometer confirms presence of water- ice on Mars. 3 4 Phoenix Meteorology is Changing A White Christmas on Mars? Atmospheric pressure and temperature data have been recorded at the Phoenix landing site every Virga, in the 2 seconds since landing. from of water- snow, has been detected in the atmosphere, getting nearer Dust cloud to the ground approaching daily. Morning wind is up to about 9 mph; enough to rattle the solar arrays but not to damage the spacecraft. 5 6 The End is in Sight Available power (measurement based) WCL Cells Utilized power (modeled) Command Moratorium Command a Conjunction MECA’s Wet Chemistry Lab (WCL) MECA’s Optical Microscope: highest resolution (4 microns/pixel) b discovers perchlorates in soil! optical images delivered from any planetary surface other than earth c AFM Tip Perchlorates: Powerful, but d stable oxidant. Very hydroscopic. Survival heater power (measurement based) Q: What do perchlorates mean for the potential of life on Mars, past and present? Q: Could perchlorates - if globally present - Attempted delivery of organic blank to TEGA help control atmospheric H2O content? Survival Heater Curves: a = All heaters on; b, c, d = heaters progressively disabled 8 7 8 Priorities Through End of Mission NASA Selects Scout-13—MAVEN • Only a few weeks of power remaining to execute anything other than • Fulfillment of a high-priority National Academy of Science Objective—Aeronomy meteorology, occasional image, communications and heaters • Importance to Mars Exploration Program: – Addresses key science objectives for upper • Senior Review and NASA priorities atmosphere, solar wind interaction, and escape to – Collect D/H ratio of the ice space, as defined by MEPAG (2006) and the NRC (2003) – Daily meteorological observations and SSI imaging to document winter’s approach – Provide telecommunications infrastructure “refreshment” • Near-Term project priorities – Fill and analyze all TEGA cells • Icy soil highest priority - D/H ratio • Organic Free Blank – Complete Optical Microscope substrates/AFM activities – Excavate surface to reveal more of underlying ice table – Coordinated science with MRO – Nighttime science • The Mission Team: – Thermal & Electrical Conductivity Probe in soil – CU/LASP PI: Bruce Jakosky • GSFC Project Management • An attempt is being made to turn on MARDI’s microphone • Lockheed Martin spacecraft and Ops 9 • Instruments from UCB, LASP, GSFC, and CESR/France 10 Mars Exploration Program Status TECH COST SCHD PROG COMMENTS Nominal spacecraft/instrument extended Odyssey G G G G mission operations. Started drift to 3PM orbit for science enhancement Rovers both in good health; Spirit survived the Mars Exploration G G G G winter, Opportunity is roving the plains outside Rovers Victoria Crater ESA/Mars Express G G G G Nominal extended operations. Mars Science Laboratory Mars Operations nominal; prime mission complete in Reconnaissance G G G G Nov '08 Orbiter Landed in the Martian Arctic May 25! Extended Phoenix G G G G mission begun 10/1/08. Cost growth solutions being implemented for Mars Science G R Y-R R FY08/09; still capable of 2009 LRD; critical Laboratory meetings in October with NASA/A On-time selection in September '08; MAVEN Scout-13 G G G G selected Progress according to plan Area of concern; Problem can be resolved within Significant problem; Solution not identified 11 12 All commitments can be met reporting organization; Needs attention Needs action/help beyond reporting org. Headlines Family Tree • Major flight structural elements have been delivered to the assembly floor—Cruise Stage, Descent Stage, and Rover Chassis. – Flight cabling and avionics being installed and tested • Preparing to start launch/cruise environmental testing in November. • Instrument development is proceeding well. – Flight Mars Descent Imager (MARDI) has been delivered – Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) and Dynamic Albedo of Neutrons (DAN) instruments will deliver in October. – The rest of the instruments, particularly the Chemistry Camera (ChemCam), Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM), and Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin), are due in November and December. • The third community-based landing site workshop was completed in mid-September – 7 landing sites evaluated; 3 sites rated high for science value – All 7 sites are acceptable at this time for engineering/landing criteria. • Cache--status is TBD – Decision is moot in 1-2 weeks • Still on track for 2009 launch – SRB review of ATLO and V&V plans Sept 25-26; “reasonable” chance of meeting 2009 LRD with acceptable risk – NASA reviews in October will determine go-forward strategy 13 14 Flight Aeroshell Flight Heatshield with First Row of Tiles 15 16 Flight SkyCrane (Decent Stage) Flight Rover Chassis and MMRTG Propellant Tanks (x3) Pressurant Tank (x2) PCA MLE Service Valves TDS Truss (aka Proboscis) 17 18 Flight Rover Internal Assembly Payload Hardware CCMU FM : Crédit CNES - INSU - OMP - CESR APXS RAD X-band System SAM Mass Model Power Analog ChemCam Mast Unit Power Modules Assembly Compute Motor Control Instrument CheMin Element Mass Model Mass Model CheMinSample Wheel Batteries CE Mass Model MAHLI Instrument Mass Model HRS Pump UHF System SAM Chassis Assembly SAM SuperQMS 19 20 Flight System Delivery Status Area Component Rover Delivery Status ArAeraea CCoommppoonneennt t Launch/Cruiise Deliverry Sttattuss ROVER RCORVUERISE STAGE AVS RCE-A Rework req'd AAVVSS RCCPEA-AM-A Deelliivveerreedd AVS RCE-B 01/01/09 AAVVSS RCPPAAMM-A-B Deelliivveerreedd AVS RPAM-A Rework req'd AAVVSS RCPPAAM-B 1D0e/0liv4e orekd starting tvac AVS CSA 09/29 ok completing rework at AVS RPAM-B Rework req'd AVS RPA Delivered GNC DSE-A Delivered AVS RMCA 01/10/09 AVS RBAU - ATLO Delivered GNC DSH-A (x4) Delivered AVS RPA Rework req'd GGNNCC RDIMSUE-AB (LN200) Deelliivveerreedd AVS RPFA 10/31/09 GGNNCC RDIMSUH--B ((LxN4)200) Deelliivveerreedd AVS RBAU - ATLO Delivered Descent Stage MEGCNHC RSVSRA Chassis Deelliivveerreedd GNC NavCams-A [pair] Delivered MEPCroHp RCVSR SHtreuactt Eurxec wha/Pnrgoepr Deelliivveerreedd GNC NavCams-B [pair] Delivered Structure METCHHM PCyrIoP CA i(rCcuruitsise IPA) 0D9e/3liv0e orekd final weld/x-ray/retest GNC HazCams, front-A [pair] Delivered Rover Chassis PTLHDM MTAhRerDmI a&l DCiErcAuits Deelliivveerreedd GNC HazCams, rear-A [pair] Delivered TTEELL RCVSR AXn-bteannndas Deelliivveerreedd GNC HazCams, rear-B [pair] Delivered AEROSHELL TEL Rover Antennas (non-HGA) Delivered GNC RIMU-A (LN200) Delivered Mech Backshell 09/27 ok TEL UHF-A (Electra) Delivered (EM Qual) GNC RIMU-B (LN200) Delivered Mech Heatshield 10/14 ok THM RIPA (Rover IPA) Delivered MEDLI MEDLI 10/07 ok MECH RVR Chassis Delivered THM Thermal Circuits Delivered MECH RVR Heat Exchanger Delivered DESCENT STAGE MECH Mobility 12/15/08 AVS DPAM-A Delivered MECH Remote Sensing Mast 12/14/08 AVS DPAM-B Delivered MECH Cache Delivered AVS DPA Delivered MECH Robotic Arm Assembly 02/04/09 AVS DMCA 10/09 with abbreviated env testing MECH PADS Drill 02/21/09 AVS PWTB Delivered MECH CHIMRA 02/28/09 AVS PYTB Delivered MECH Inlet Cover Assemblies GNC DIMU-A Delivered MECH Pyro Circuits Delivered GNC TDS Delivered (Flight Sare Digital) PLD Other MECH BUD 09/26 ok prepping for delivery PLD MARDI & DEA Delivered MECH Pyro Circuits 10/01 ok TEL RVR X-band Delivered Prop DS Structure w/Prop Delivered TEL High Gain Antenna System 02/15/09 TEL DS X-Band Delivered TEL Rover Antennas (non-HGA) Delivered TEL UHF-A (Electra) 11/01/08 TEL DS Antennas (non-PUHF) Delivered UHF-B (Electra) 12/15/08 TEL PUHF / PCC 10/01 ok prepping for delivery TEL THM RIPA (Rover IPA) THM Thermal Circuits Delivered THM Rover Shunt Radiator (RSR) Delivered Cruise Stage THM Thermal Circuits Delivered 21 22 MSL Landing Sites MSL Landing Sites – Final 7 MSL LANDING SITES NAME LOCATION ELEVATION TARGET Noachian 3 Nili Fossae Trough 21.00ºN, 74.45ºE -608 m 1 Phyllosilicates Fluvial Layers, Holden Crater Fan 26.37ºS, 325.10ºE -1940 m Phyllosilicates 4 6 7 Mawrth Vallis 24.65ºN, 340.09ºE -3093 m 5 Site 1 24.01N, 341.03ºE -2246 m Noachian Layered 2 Site 2 23.19ºN, 342.41ºE -2187 m Phyllosilicates Site 3 24.86ºN, 339.42ºE -3359 m Site 4 Eberswalde Crater 23.86°S, 326.73°E -1450 m Delta Phyllosilicates, Miyamoto 3.34ºS, 352.26ºE -1807 m Sulfates? Sulfates, 1 Nili Fossae Trough S Meridiani 3.05ºS, 354.61ºE -1589 m Phyllosilicates 2 Holden Crater Layered Sulfates, 3 Mawrth Vallis Gale Crater 4.49ºS, 137.42ºE -4451 m Phyllosilicates, 4 Miyamoto Crater 5 Eberswalde Crater 6 South Meridiani v. 7; 07/08/08 7 Gale Crater http://marsoweb.nas.nasa.gov/landingsites/index.html 23 http://marsoweb.nas.nasa.gov/landingsites/index.html24 MSL Cost/Schedule Status MSL Cost/Schedule Status (con’t) • Cost Status – Expenditure to-date is $1.5B (incl. technology, MMRTG, and all Phases • MSL additional funding needs will impact Planetary and SMD to-date. – Mars Program has literally exhausted all sources of funds – MSL budget: $223M (FY09); $64M (FY10); $55M (FY11) – MSL descopes are no longer viable, short of outright cancellation • Important mission to the Agency and SMD; cancellation probably not a viable option • Overguide status – Additional funding will come from a JPL mission (slippage or – Exceeded 15% overguide threshold of NASA Authorization Act, in FY08 cancellation) depending on the severity of the final cost requirements – Approximately $200M total requested by JPL to-date (not including • Payback from Mars Next Decade funds—2016 mission, technology, pending request) etc.