TECHNICAL REPORT CEA/DEN LMTE Page 1/67 Nuclear Energy Sector Cadarache Center Department of Nuclear Technology Division of Measurements and modeling of Transfers and severe Accidents Laboratory of Environmental Transfer Modeling KASCADE 2013 Instruments Calibration Campaign DUINE Gert-Jan Reference CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LMTE/NT 2014-11 This document issued by CEA falls within the scope of agreement CEA V4013.001 and V4001.001 CEA (French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission) Cadarache Center – Department of Nuclear Technology - Division of Measurements and modeling of Transfers and severe Accidents Laboratory of Environmental Transfer Modeling Ph. : +334 42 25 70 10 – Fax : +334 42 25 62 62 – [email protected] Public establishments of an industrial and commercial nature R.C.S. PARIS B 775 685 019 All reproduction and distribution rights are subject to the terms of the agreement TECHNICAL REPORT CEA/DEN Page 2/67 Agreement : CEA V4013.001 and V4001.001 Ref. : CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LMTE/NT/2014-11 Date : 05/02/2014 Version : A KASCADE 2013: Instruments Calibration Campaign LEVEL OF CONFIDENTIALITY DO DR CCEA CD SD X PARTNERS/CUSTOMERS AGREEMENT TYPE OF ACTION CEA INTERNAL REFERENCES MANAGEMENT BY FIELD PROJECT EOTP OBJECTIVES DISN MCIS MRISQ A-MRISQ-01-02 TIME LIMIT OF LABORATORY MILESTONE MILESTONE TITLE CONFIDENTIALITY SPECIFICATIONS AMENDMENT RECORD SHEET PAGES, CHAPTERS, VERSION DATE DESCRIPTION APPENDICES A 05/02/2014 FIRST EDITION NAME POSITION DATE SIGNATURE WRITTEN BY G. DUINE PHD-STUDENT 5/2/2014 CHECKED BY T. HEDDE ENGINEER 5/2/2014 APPROVED BY F. JOURDAIN HEAD OF THE LAB ISSUED BY D. PECHEUR HEAD OF THE DIVISION All reproduction and distribution rights are subject to the terms of the agreement TECHNICAL REPORT CEA/DEN Page 3/67 Agreement : CEA V4013.001 and V4001.001 Ref. : CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LMTE/NT/2014-11 Date : 05/02/2014 Version : A KASCADE 2013: Instruments Calibration Campaign KEY WORDS KASCADE, meteorological field experiment, sensor calibration, sensor corrections, longwave & shortwave radiation, relative humidity, temperature, pressure, wind speed, radiation divergence ABSTRACT/CONCLUSION (subject to the same level of confidentiality as the rest of the document) The sensors used at the meteorological field experiment KASCADE, conducted during the winter of 2013 in Cadarache, are checked for inconsistencies and corrected where necessary. In order to achieve, two complementary intercomparison experiments have been conducted at Centre de Recherche Atmosphérique (Lannemezan) and Laboratoire d’Aérologie (LA) in Toulouse in spring 2013. Also the data collected during KASCADE itself has been used to be able to calibrate the tethered balloon sondes. A resolution issue for the net radiometer CNR1 has been solved. It appears that the WMO-agreement of 10-minute averaging for meteorological measurements is sufficient to suppress the spikes detected. The longwave components of the net radiometer CNR4 has been checked on inconsistencies for the calibration coefficients k supplied by the manufacturer. For this check, a CG4-pyrgeometer was used. The supplied k’s were approved to be correct and so the CNR4 can be used as a reference for relative calibration against the net radiometer CNR1. The relative calibration of CNR1 for LW has been done in 2 steps: The classical correction for k which is supplied by the manufacturer and in a second step, a body temperature Tbody correction has been applied. For the lower -2 -2 sensor k=11.238 µV/(W.m ) and Tbody =0.6196K. For the upper sensor: k=10.032 µV/(W.m ) and Tbody =0.5324K. The improvements after corrections are clearly seen by the mean differences, which are stepwise decreasing from -2 -4.53 (no correction applied) to -3.22 (k-corrected) to 0.03 W.m (both k- and Tbody -corrections applied) for the calibration of the lower sensor. A similar improvement is shown for the upper sensor (-4.17 to -2.80 to -0.07 W.m-2). Uncertainties for LW-divergence and LHR are estimated at 0.93 W.m-2 and 0.15 °C.h-1, respectively. Considering only incoming and outgoing LW, these quantities can be calculated at 1.36 and 0.69 W.m-2 and 0.21 and 0.11 °C.h- 1, respectively. Also SW-radiation for CNR1 has been calibrated for both incoming and outgoing components and both are estimated by a 2nd order polynomial fit, see Equations 11 and 12 for correction coefficients. The thermohygrometers have been calibrated relatively against their average for relative humidity only (17 to 19), for temperature no correction was needed. The tethered balloon sondes needed no correction for wind speed and temperature, for relative humidity (Table 14) and pressure (Table 15) a correction has been performed for all sondes. For relative humidity it concerns a relative correction against the corrected thermohygrometers and for pressure this was a relative correction against their average. In order to achieve the latter corrections, the KASCADE-dataset has been used. This report will feed the quality of the dataset collected at the field experiment KASCADE. ABSTRACT/CONCLUSION (if the DEN technical document is of a higher level of confidentiality) All reproduction and distribution rights are subject to the terms of the agreement TECHNICAL REPORT CEA/DEN Page 4/67 Agreement : CEA V4013.001 and V4001.001 Ref. : CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LMTE/NT/2014-11 Date : 05/02/2014 Version : A KASCADE 2013: Instruments Calibration Campaign DISTRIBUTION (BY E-MAIL) Full document: CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/STMA/DIR D. PECHEUR CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/STMA/LMTE GJ. DUINE P. ROUBIN T. HEDDE Y. MARGERIT F. JOURDAIN E. COHENNY S. BONTEMPS LA TOULOUSE P. DURAND C. JARNOT LA LANNEMEZAN S. DERRIEN F. LOHOU M. LOTHON LPCA DUNKERQUE P. AUGUSTIN P. FOURMENTIN First page and abstract : CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/Dir CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/STCP/Dir CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/Dir CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LMN/Dir CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LMTR/Dir CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LIPC/Dir CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LPMA/Dir CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LMTE Tout le personnel CEA/DEN/DQE T. DE BRUYNE H. CHERIN CEA/DEN/DISN/MCIS C. DELLIS F. LEFEVRE All reproduction and distribution rights are subject to the terms of the agreement TECHNICAL REPORT CEA/DEN Page 5/67 Agreement : CEA V4013.001 and V4001.001 Ref. : CEA/DEN/CAD/DTN/SMTA/LMTE/NT/2014-11 Date : 05/02/2014 Version : A KASCADE 2013: Instruments Calibration Campaign TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 10 1.1 Set-up Lannemezan ............................................................................................................................... 10 1.2 Intercomparison experiments during KASCADE ................................................................................... 13 Chapter 2. Radiation ................................................................................................................................................ 15 2.1 Atmospheric radiation budget ................................................................................................................ 15 2.1.1 Measuring longwave radiation and radiation divergence ................................................................ 16 -3 -1 -1 where ρ is the air density in kg.m and Cp the specific heat of dry air (=1005 J.kg .K ). ....................... 16 2.1.2 Measuring shortwave radiation ....................................................................................................... 16 2.2 General remarks concerning CNR1 and CNR4 ..................................................................................... 16 2.2.1 Offsets radiation .............................................................................................................................. 16 .................................................................................................................................................................. 18 2.2.2 Resolution issue .............................................................................................................................. 18 2.3 Calibration longwave radiation CNR4 vs. CG4 ...................................................................................... 19 2.3.1 Materials & Methods ........................................................................................................................ 20 2.3.1.1 Instruments ................................................................................................................................ 20 2.3.1.2 Time frame & remarks ............................................................................................................... 22 2.3.1.3 Weather during calibration set-up .............................................................................................. 23 2.3.1.4 Data selection ............................................................................................................................ 23 2.3.2 Results ............................................................................................................................................. 23 2.3.2.1 Testing the hypothesis ............................................................................................................... 23 2.4 Calibration longwave radiation CNR1 .................................................................................................... 27 2.4.1 Upper sensor ..................................................................................................................................