ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES YEAR BOOK XIX (46) 2 0 1 3 Facta non solum verba ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES YEAR BOOK ANNALES ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARUM ESTONICAE XIX (46) 2013 TALLINN 2014 ESTONIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES The Year Book was compiled by: Leo Mõtus (editor-in-chief) Galina Varlamova Ülle Rebo, Ants Pihlak (translators) ISSN 1406-1503 © EESTI TEADUSTE AKADEEMIA CONTENTS Foreword. 5 Chronicle . 7 Membership of the Academy. 14 General Assembly, Board, Divisions, Councils, Committees . 19 Academy Events . 46 Popularisation of Science . 55 Academy Medals, Awards . 59 Publications of the Academy . 62 International Scientific Relations. 63 National Awards to Members of the Academy . 68 Anniversaries . 71 Members of the Academy. 101 Estonian Academy Publishers . 114 Under and Tuglas Literature Centre of the Estonian Academy of Sciences. 117 Financial Activities. 124 Associated Institutions . 126 Associated Organisations . 155 Appendix 1 Academy in Brief. How have 75 years passed in the Estonian Academy of Sciences? Jüri Engelbrecht . 203 Appendix 2 Estonian Contact Points for International Science Organisations . 205 Appendix 3 Cooperation Agreements with Partner Organisations . 208 Directory . 209 3 FOREWORD The redaction of 2010 of the Academy Act has made it possible, in the recent years to significantly improve the coverage by specialities of the Academy membership and its age structure, hence also its capability of solving the tasks necessary for the country and the society. The tasks assigned by lawmaker to the Academy have not changed in the past couple of decades, while the interest displayed by representatives of the state to making use of the competence of the Academy has diminished. This is evidenced by the state subsidy (budget) drawn to a minute detail, in particular its size, putting restraints on the Academy’s initiative and giving little leeway for normal organisation of work – for instance, even sending two stu- dents to the traditional conference of the Nobel Prize winners neces- sitates a special request for subsidy from structural funds, because the Academy lacks disposable resources to send two people on a mission. At the same time, the Academy is markedly desirous of participating more effectively in the life of society and the country. This is shown by discussions held in the Academy on principles of funding the research in Estonia and the readiness to participate in drawing background research needed to support the strategic and tactical decisions of the government and Parliament. To carry out such work the Academy has established the Institute for Advances Study, having already made its first tangible agreement. It needs to be ac- knowledged however that the governmental structures are not eager- ly calling for research-based analysis and assistance at preparing their strategic decisions. The sustainable funding of research has become predominantly proj- ect-based, so has the repair of houses and purchase of equipment. The Academy Office has been successful at tenders of the projects – we managed to improve the fire safety of the Academy House with support from structural funds and to enable access to the Academy House also by handicapped people. At the same time, we failed to upgrade the technological infrastructure. Leo Mõtus 5 CHRONICLE January 21 – Board at its meeting discussed the Academy’s Action Plan 2013, approved the new composition of the Committee on Phylogeny and Taxonomy and appointed Ülo Mander to the Evaluation Committee of the Estonian Research Council. January 23 – First discussion meeting “Science and the Institutional Research Funding System” was held under partnership agreement between the Estonian Academy of Sciences and Tallinn University of Technology. January 28-29 – Academy House was the venue for the 13th Baltic Confe- rence on Intellectual Co-operation “European Research Area and Small Coun- tries”. January 30 – Chair of the Academy’s Committee on Marine Sciences Tarmo Soomere, concurrently vice-Chair and Executive Committee Member of the European Marine Board (EMB), attended an EMB meeting in Brussels. February 11 – Board at its meeting heard a report about the unique original materials of exceptional scholarly value in the holdings of the Under and Tuglas Literature Centre. The report was presented by Olle Hints, Chair of the Expert Council on Science Collections at the Ministry of Education and Research. Jaan Undusk, Director of the Centre provided further insight into the current state of collections. February 20-21 – Raivo Uibo represented the Academy in a regular meeting of the ALLEA Permanent Working Group on Science and Ethics in Stock- holm. Among other topics (rules of procedure, plans for the future, etc.), the WG considered a preliminary version of the Statement on Ethics Education in Science. March 4-7 Vice-President Jüri Engelbrecht attended the forum “Impact of Science and Technology on Society and Economy” organised by the World Academy of Art and Science (WAAS) in Trieste, Italy. The forum sought to offer a new paradigm for addressing key global challenges facing the humani- ty with comprehensive, integrated, transdisciplinary solutions. J.Engelbrecht introduced the session “The Network Society” that focused on the rising im- portance of networks in modern society, among other issues the role of com- plexity studies in understanding and analysing network behaviour. March 11 Brett Makens (Economic and Commercial Officer) and Taimi Alas (Environment, Science, Technology and Health Specialist) from the Em- bassy of the United States in Tallinn visited the Academy and had a meeting with Vice-President Jüri Engelbrecht, where the background of ongoing co- operation and potential areas for future collaboration were discussed. 7 March 14 Division of the Humanities and Social Sciences organised a day of public lectures at Narva College of the University of Tartu. March 18 Board at its meeting approved the financial activities of the Academy in 2012 and budget for 2013; determined the agenda for the Annual General Assembly; announced the 2013 Student Research Paper Contest; de- cided to submit a proposal to the General Assembly for opening four Aca- demy membership vacancies, whereas the election date was left to be set by the Board. April 22-24 Foreign Relations Manager Ülle Raud attended a biannual con- ference EURAXESS Network in Dubrovnik, Croatia. Discussions covered the activities and future plans of EURAXESS. Several parallel sessions addressed topics related to the main theme, e.g., erelations with industry, social media, mentoring, professional training courses/workshops, cross-cultural communi- cation, EURAXESS offices in third countries. April 23-25 Chair of the Academy’s Committee on Marine Sciences Tarmo Soomere participated in the meeting of the EMB Executive Committee and the following EMB spring plenary meeting in Bergen, Norway. Among other issues, a decision on establishing two new Working Groups was made. An Estonian researcher (Alar Rosentau, University of Tartu) has been invited to work as an expert for one of them (WG SUBLAND). April 24 Activities of the Academy in 2012 were summed up at the General Assembly Meeting. Reports were provided by Heads of Divisions Jaak Aavik- soo, Tarmo Soomere, Ilmar Koppel and Urmas Varblane, and a conclusive overview by President Richard Villems. Secretary General Leo Mõtus pres- ented the report on budget execution in 2012 and the 2013 budget the General Assembly approved both. Recently elected fellows were introduced to the General Assembly Academy. Andres Tvauri (University of Tartu), one of the the Estonian Science Prize Laureates in 2013, presented a scientific paper. President Richard Villems briefed the General Assembly on the Board’s pro- posal for election of four new members to the Academy. April 29-30 Vice-President Jüri Engelbrecht represented the Academy in a symposium exploring digitisation of archives and scholarly sources in the humanities under the title “Management of Large Data in Corpore” organised by the European Federation of National Academies of Sciences and Humani- ties “All European Academies” (ALLEA), and the following General Assem- bly Meeting in Berlin, Germany. The General Assembly heard the reports of working groups; discussed the activities, funding and administration of ALLEA, which had changed owing to transfer of the secretariat from Amster- dam to Berlin. May 2 – Academy’s Science Day in Jõgeva County. 8 May 8 – Tarmo Soomere gave a public academic lecture in the Academy Hall on the topic “The Baltic Sea coast under human and environmental pressure”. May 22-16 – Peeter Tulviste attended as the delegate of the Academy the General Assembly of the Union Académique Internationale (UAI) in Mainz, Germany. On the agenda were reports from committees (incl. the Committee on External Relations, whose member is P.Tulviste), scientific sessions and lectures. May 20 – Board at its meeting considered statements by Heads of Divisions on the position of their Divisions towards potential specialties for Academy membership vacancies as well as a probable date for elections. Katre Väli, Chairman of the Estonian Semiotics Association reported on the activities of the ESA. Another topic under discussion was increasing the number of Re- search Professor positions. Alo Adamson and Rein Küttner were excluded from the composition of the Academy’s Energy Council, while Ingo Valgma, Head of the Department of Mining at Tallinn University of Technology, was appointed a new member of the Council.