2 BULLETIN IRAN’S TRADE IN ORCHID TUBERS CITES AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION WILDLIFE MARKETS OCTOBER 2014 2014 OCTOBER 2 26 NO. VOL. IN MOROCCO The journal of the TRAFFIC network disseminates information on the trade in wild animal and plant resources TRAFFIC was established in 1976 to perform what remains a unique role as a JOREDOVSHFLDOLVWOHDGLQJDQG supporting efforts to identify DQGDGGUHVVFRQVHUYDWLRQ ANTON VORAUER / WWF-CANON ANTON FKDOOHQJHVDQGVROXWLRQV linked to trade in wild animals and plants. TRAFFIC’s Vision is of a world in which trade in wild plants and animals is managed at sustainable levels without damaging WKHLQWHJULW\RIHFRORJLFDOV\VWHPVDQGLQVXFKDPDQQHUWKDWLWPDNHVDVLJQLÀFDQWFRQWULEXWLRQWRKXPDQQHHGVVXSSRUWV local and national economies and helps to motivate commitments to the conservation of wild species and their habitats. rade in wildlife is vital to meeting TRAFFIC is to seek and activate solutions to the problems the needs of a significant proport- created by illegal and/or unsustainable wildlife trade. Tion of the world’s popul ation. TRAFFIC’s aim is to encourage sustainability by providing Products derived from tens of thousands government, decision-makers, traders, businesses, consu- of species of plants and animals are mers and others with an interest in wildlife trade with traded and used for the purposes of, reliable information about trade volumes, trends, pathways among other things, medicine, food, and impacts, along with guidance on how to respond fuel, building materials, clothing and where trade is illegal or unsustainable. Eight regional ornament ation. TRAFFIC programmes are co-ordinated by the TRAFFIC headquarters in Cambridge, UK. Most of the trade is legal and much of it sustainable, but a significant proportion is TRAFFIC’s reports and advice provide a technical basis not. As well as threatening these resources, for the establishment of effective conservation policies and unsustainable trade can also lead to programmes to ensure that wildlife is maintained within species declining in the wild to the point sustainable levels and conducted according to national that they are threatened with extinction. and inter national laws and agreements. The journal of the Illegal trade undermines local, national TRAFFIC network, TRAFFIC Bulletin, is the only journal and international efforts to manage wild devoted exclusively to issues relating to international trade natural resources sustainably and causes in wild plants and animals. Provided free of charge to over massive economic losses. 4000 subscribers and freely available from the TRAFFIC website (www.traffic.org), it is a key tool for disseminating / WWF-CANON HOLLOWAY CAT TRAFFIC is a strategic alliance of WWF knowledge of wildlife trade and an important source of and IUCN, the International Union for information for those in a position to effect change and Much of the content published in the Conservation of Nature. The role of improve awareness. TRAFFIC Bulletin arises from invest- igations carried out by TRAFFIC staff, whose wide-ranging expertise allows for a broad coverage of issues. TRAFFIC has also built up a global network of contacts with, for example, law enforcement agents, scientists, and wildlife experts, some of whom are regular contributors to the TRAFFIC Bulletin. TRAFFIC welcomes articles on the subject of wildlife trade that will bring new information to the attention of the wider public; guide lines are provided in this issue and online to assist in this process. For more information, please contact the editor: NATUREPL.COM / GEORGETTE DOUWMA / WWF-CANON / GEORGETTE DOUWMA NATUREPL.COM TRAFFICTRAFFIC R. ISOTTI, A. CAMBONE-HOMO AMBIENS / WWF-CANON A. CAMBONE-HOMO R. ISOTTI, Kim Lochen ([email protected]). The TRAFFIC Bulletin is a publication of TRAFFIC, the wild life trade monitoring network, which is the leading non-governmental organization working globally on trade in wild animals and plants in the context of both biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. TRAFFIC is a strategic alliance of WWF and IUCN. The TRAFFIC Bulletin publishes information and B U L L E T I N original papers on the subject of trade in wild animals and plants, and strives to be a source of accurate and objective information. VOL. 26 NO. 2 OCTOBER 2014 The TRAFFIC Bulletin is available free of charge. Quotation of information appearing in the news CONTENTS sections is welcomed without permission, but citation must be given. Reproduction of all other material appearing in the TRAFFIC Bulletin news editorial requires written permission from the publisher. Tiger meeting, Dhaka Angola’s trade in ivory MANAGING EDITOR Steven Broad Chikanda trade in Tanzania and Zambia 41 Wildlife Witness EDITOR and COMPILER Kim Lochen phone app SUBSCRIPTIONS and MAILING 6XVDQ9LYLDQ (PDLOEXOOHWLQ#WUDI¿FRUJ The designations of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of TRAFFIC or its supporting organizations concern ing the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its features Illegal wild collection and international trade of CITES-listed authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its terrestrial orchid tubers in Iran frontiers or boundaries. Abdolbaset Ghorbani, Barbara Gravendeel, Shahin Zarre and Hugo de Boer Any opinions expressed are those of the writers DQGGRQRWQHFHVVDULO\UHÀHFWWKRVHRI75$)),& 52 Regional Economic Integration Organizations: WWF or IUCN. their role in implementing CITES Katalin Kecse-Nagy, Sabri Zain and Stephanie von Meibom Published by TRAFFIC International, 219a Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, Cambs., Open, unregulated trade in wildlife CB3 0DL, UK. in Morocco’s markets Daniel Bergin and Vincent Nijman Copyright of material published in the TRAFFIC Bulletin is vested in TRAFFIC International © TRAFFIC International 2014. ISSN 0267-4297. seizures and A selection of UK Registered Charity No. 1076722 prosecutions seizures and prosecutions that have recently Cover photograph: taken place around Orchis adenocheila $EGROEDVHW*KRUEDQL the world Photographs this page, from top: 71 2UFKLGWXEHU 6DULQD9HOGPDQ Dorcas Gazelle Gazella dorcas 0DUWLQ+DUYH\::)&DQRQ Seizure of ginseng Panax quinquefolius $QQD3DWULFN7KH&KDUOHVWRQ*D]HWWH Sumatran Serow Capricornis sumatraensis ::)0DOD\VLD6KDULII0RKDPDG short Conservation perspectives of illegal communications animal trade at markets in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia $EGXOKDGL$ORX¿DQG(KDE(LG Observations of illegal trade in Sumatran Serows in Malaysia Funding for the printing and distribution of this 77 Chris R. Shepherd and issue of the TRAFFIC Bulletin is generously Kanitha Krishnasamy provided by The Rufford Foundation. Funding to print and distribute future issues is being sought. 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This WKDWPDQDJHPHQWRI¿VKHULHVDQGWUDGHLVXUJHQWO\QHHGHGWR initiative seeks to build a future where avoid extinctions and to promote population recovery. these species can thrive around our coasts and in the high seas, contributing to the ecosystem and to E D I T O R I A L a healthy culture and economy. This joint strategy is focused on There is growing acceptance at the international level reducing demand, improving WKDW PDQDJHPHQW RI VKDUN DQG UD\ ¿VKHULHV LV FULWLFDO LI management and generating further overexploitation of these resources is to be curtailed. broader support for the conservation Broad, but non-binding commitments have been made by and responsible use of sharks and rays. States to resolve the issue, however, many governments $VSDUWRIWKLVZRUNWKH3DFL¿F6KDUN+HULWDJH3URJUDPPH lack the resources, expertise, and political will necessary to DLPVWRZRUNZLWKJRYHUQPHQWVWKURXJKRXWWKH3DFL¿FUHJLRQ conserve effectively the vast majority of shark and rays. 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