Towards a space- enabled future for Europe STOA Annual Lecture 2016 EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA) PE 581.925 STOA Annual Lecture 2016 Towards a space-enabled future for Europe Participants’ Booklet 16 November 2016, 14:30-17:00 Paul-Henri Spaak Building, Room 3C050 European Parliament, Brussels STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment Prepared by Nera Kuljanic, Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA), with input from Anita Heward (Europlanet) and Christina Giannopapa (ESA) Available at www.europarl.europa.eu/stoa/cms/home/workshops/annual_lectures/annual2016 Join the conversation on Twitter by using the hashtag #SpaceLecture2016 and by tweeting at @EP_ThinkTank #SpaceLecture2016 © European Union, 2016 © Cover image: rangizzz / Shutterstock PE 581.925 2 Annual Lecture 2016 Contents 1. Programme .......................................................................................................................................4 2. Introduction .....................................................................................................................................5 3. The exhibition..................................................................................................................................8 4. Speakers' Biographies..................................................................................................................10 Paul Rübig MEP, Chair of STOA.................................................................................................10 Johann-Dietrich Woerner, Director General, European Space Agency .................................11 Kai-Uwe Schrogl, European Space Agency ...............................................................................12 Philippe Brunet, European Commission, DG GROW..............................................................13 Sir Martin Sweeting, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), Surrey Space Centre...........14 Ariane Cornell, Blue Origin, LLC................................................................................................15 Johannes von Thadden, Airbus Defence and Space .................................................................16 Reinhold Ewald, European Space Agency.................................................................................17 Thomas Pesquet, European Space Agency ................................................................................18 Clare Moody MEP, STOA Panel Member..................................................................................19 Mairéad McGuinness MEP, EP Vice-President responsible for STOA..................................20 Eva Kaili MEP, First Vice-Chair of STOA ..................................................................................21 5. Previous STOA Annual Lectures 2003-2015.............................................................................22 6. About STOA ..................................................................................................................................27 7. STOA Panel members..................................................................................................................28 STOA Bureau..................................................................................................................................28 STOA Panel.....................................................................................................................................29 8. STOA administration...................................................................................................................31 3 STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment 1. Programme Chair: Paul Rübig, STOA Chair Moderator: Kai-Uwe Schrogl, Chief Strategy Officer, ESA 14:30 WELCOME Paul Rübig, STOA Chair Thomas Pesquet, ESA Astronaut of French nationality (video) 14:40 INTRODUCTION Johann-Dietrich Woerner, Director General, ESA 14:50 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE EU SPACE POLICY Philippe Brunet, Director, DG GROW, European Commission 15:00 KEYNOTE SPEECH ‘Small satellites – changing the economics of space’ Sir Martin Sweeting, Founder and Executive Chairman of Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL), Director of the Surrey Space Centre 15:30 FROM IDEA TO REALITY Ariane Cornell, Blue Origin Business Development & Strategy Johannes von Thadden, Head of Institutional Relations, Airbus Defence and Space 15:50 LIFE IN SPACE Reinhold Ewald, ESA Astronaut of German nationality 16:10 Q&A with the participation of Clare MOODY, MEP 16:50 CONCLUSIONS Mairead McGuinness, MEP and Vice-President responsible for STOA 16:55 CLOSING REMARKS Eva Kaili, MEP and First STOA Vice-Chair until 18:00 RECEPTION Interpretation in and from EN, FR and DE will be provided. 4 Annual Lecture 2016 2. Introduction About the Annual Lecture To raise public awareness of and interest in science and technology issues, every year STOA hosts an Annual Lecture. It is a high point of STOA’s activities. The event features eminent speakers - often Nobel Prize laureates - who are invited to talk about subjects placed high on the political agenda. More information about speakers and topics of the past STOA Annual Lectures is available on p. 22. European space activities The governance of space activities in Europe is based on cooperation between the European Union (EU), the European Space Agency (ESA) and their member countries. Motivation to maximise the impact of what can be achieved with the budget available for space activities is strong. Today, the close cooperation between the EU and ESA is based on the 2004 Framework Agreement. The EU and ESA have two flagship programmes: Galileo and Copernicus. Galileo is a system of navigation satellites, designed to provide greater accuracy than the US-developed global positioning system (GPS). Copernicus is the world’s largest earth observation programme, with primary applications in climate change, emergency management and security. The EU also funds space research through other programmes, notably Horizon 2020. ESA has a comprehensive space programme and is active in a range of different activities, both in Europe and internationally. The European Commission presented the Space Strategy for Europe1 on 26 October 2016. Among the priorities are market uptake of space data by the public and private sectors, and supporting private sector involvement and space entrepreneurship. The challenge in implementing these new policies is to reap societal and economic benefits for all Europeans, encourage rapid growth and stimulate industrial competitiveness, and promote European leadership in space. On the same day, a ‘Joint Statement on Shared Vision and Goals for the Future of European Space’ was signed by the EU and ESA. The common European vision is that Europe should remain a world-class actor in space and a partner of choice on the international scene. By 2030, Europe should be able to fully benefit from its space solutions to implement its policies, strengthen European values and security, improve knowledge and foster prosperity. Every single European citizen should benefit from Europe's space capacities and capabilities. 1 http://ec.europa.eu/docsroom/documents/19442 5 STOA - Science and Technology Options Assessment Space research and innovation Innovating for the challenges of the future Space research and exploration push the boundaries of science and engineering. Building spacecraft to meet increasingly ambitious goals, such as to mine asteroids or to prepare for a human mission to Mars, drives innovation in technology and materials science. Space missions can take a decade or more from initial planning to launch, so roadmaps are needed to develop the technology for future space exploration. Horizon 2020 funding complements the European Space Agency’s programmes for the exploration of our Solar System and beyond through the development of facilities, infrastructure and protocols that will make Europe a world leader for decades to come. Exploring planets, understanding Earth Studying our planetary neighbours can improve our understanding of the Earth, its history, evolution, climate and the risks that it faces from space, such as geomagnetic storms or asteroid impacts. Likewise, understanding where and how life has developed on Earth gives us clues about where to look for life elsewhere in our Solar System. Places on Earth that have the same geological, physical or extreme environments found on other planets, such as Mars or the icy moons of Jupiter and Saturn, are vital test-grounds in preparing for future missions and in the search for extraterrestrial life. Horizon 2020 funding is supporting comparative planetology research that will help us prepare for future missions and understand our planet and the origins of life. Inspiring a new generation Europe needs a trained workforce with the technical, academic and entrepreneurial skills to keep its position as a global leader. Space exploration, with its blend of intellectual challenge, aesthetic appeal, human endeavour and practical applications, is uniquely placed to inspire European citizens and attract young men and women into careers in science and engineering. Horizon 2020 funding is supporting the development of free, high-quality tools and educational resources that will engage young people with science through space. Creating partnerships Horizon 2020 investment is developing space research expertise in Europe’s newer member states, integrating researchers, institutions and industry into