ISSN 0972-8309 ISSN 0972-8309 Double-blind Reviewed, Indexed & Refereed Bi-annual International Journal Journal of National Development Approved by University Grants Commission (No. 41807) General Impact Factor : 2.8186; Global Impact Factor : 0.842 NAAS Rating : 3.12; InfoBase Index : 2.00 Back Volumes of Journal of National Development Chief Editor Available on Original Price Dharam Vir Volume 32, Number 1 (Summer), 2019 Journal of National Development D-59, Shastri Nagar, Meerut - 250 004 (INDIA) Ph. : 0121-2763765, +919997771669, +919219658788 Visit us at www.jndmeerut.org <email : [email protected]; [email protected]> Journal of National Development Approved by University Grants Commission (No. 41807) General Impact Factor : 2.8186; Global Impact Factor : 0.842 NAAS Rating : 3.12; InfoBase Index : 2.00 Chief Editor Dharam Vir Volume 32, Number 1 (Summer), 2019 CENTRE FOR STUDIES OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT D-59, Shastri Nagar, Meerut-250 004 (India) <Visit us at : https://www.jndmeerut.org> <e-mail : [email protected]> Journal of National Development Aims and Scope The Journal of National Development (JND) is an interdisciplinary bi-annual peer reviewed & refereed international journal committed to the ideals of a ‘world community’ and ‘universal brotherhood’. The Journal is a joint effort of like- minded scholars in the field of social research. Its specific aims are to identify, to understand and to help the process of nation-building within the framework of a ‘world community’ and enhance research across the social sciences (Sociology, Anthropology, Political Science, Psychology, History, Geography, Education, Economics, Law, Communication, Linguistics) and related disciplines like all streams of Home Science, Management, Computer Science, Commerce as well as others like Food Technology, Agricultural Technology, Information Technology, Environmental Science, Dairy Science etc. having social focus/implications. It focuses on issues that are global and on local problems and policies that have international implications. By providing a forum for discussion on important issues with a global perspective, the JND is a part of unfolding world wide struggle for establishing a just and peaceful world order. Thus, the JND becomes a point of confluence for the rivulets from various disciplines to form a mighty mainstream gushing towards the formulation and propagation of a humanistic world- view. Publication Schedule The Journal of National Development is published in volumes of approximately 250-300 pages, divided into two bi-annual issues–summer and winter. Besides, a special issue in Hindi is also published every year to meet the demand of social scientists, both research scholars and teachers of Hindi speaking states of India. Subscription and Business Correspondence The annual subscription is `1500 in India and US$ 80 abroad, including postage by Speed-Post/Airmail. Special issue in Hindi is free with annual subscription. All the subscriptions must be prepaid in favour of The Journal of National Development, payable at Meerut. ISSN 0972-8309; DOI : 10.29070/JND All correspondence pertaining to subscription, change of address, purchase of back numbers, books for review and advertisements should be addressed to : The Managing Editor Journal of National Development D-59, Shastri Nagar, Meerut-250 004 (India) Tel : 91+121-2763765, 2770765; Mobile : 91+99997771669, 91+9412200765 <e-mail : [email protected]> Website : www.jndmeerut.org Editorial Board CHIEF EDITOR Dharam Vir, Former Associate Professor and Head, Department of Post-graduate Studies and Research in Sociology, Nanakchand Anglo Sanskrit College, CCS University, Meerut–250 004, India. ASSOCIATE EDITORS Sanjeev Mahajan, Associate Professor and Head, Department of Post-graduate Studies and Research in Sociology, Nanakchand Anglo Sanskrit College, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut–250 004, India. Satya Prakash, Former Associate Professor and Head, Department of Law, Nanakchand Anglo Sanskrit College, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut–250 004, India. MANAGING EDITOR Kamlesh Mahajan, Former Associate Professor and Head, Department of Sociology, Ismail National Mahila Post-graduate College, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut–250 004, India. BOOK REVIEW EDITOR S. K. Gupta, Professor of Sociology (Retired), Panjab University, Chandigarh–160 014, India. CONSULTING EDITORS Anita White, West Sussex, U.K.; Arthur S. Wilke, Auburn University, U.S.A.; Benjamin Gil, Kenyatta International Conference Centre, Kenya; Bhoumik Deshmukh, University of Pune, Pune; D. P. Singh, NIILM-CMS, Noida, India; Edgar F. Borgatta, University of Washington, U.S.A.; Edward Gross, University of Washington, U.S.A.; Erling Berge, The Agricultural University of Norway, Norway; Erwin Scheuch, University zu Koln, Germany; Fred Gras, Leipzig, Germany; G. Narayana, Centre for Population and Development Studies, India; Glyn C. Roberts, University of Illinois, U.S.A.; Gunther Lushen, University of Illinois, U.S.A.; Hoimanti Dasgupta, Kalyani University, India; I. S. Chauhan, Barakatulla University, India; Jose Havet, Institute for International Development and Cooperation, Canada; Kurt Weis, Technical University of Munich, Germany; M. P. Singh, West Bengal University of Juridical Science, India; Paavo Sappanen, University of Helsinki, Finland; Pablo Suarez, Uppsala University, Sweden; Raj P. Mohan, Auburn University, U.S.A.; S. K. Gupta, Panjab University, India; S. L. Sharma, Panjab University, India; S. M. Dubey, Dibrugarh University, India; S. S. Sharma, C. C. S. University, India; Satish Sharma, University of Nevada, U.S.A.; Tamsane Foldesi, Hungarian College of Physical Education, Hungary; Wang Xiaoyi, Rural and Industrial Sociology, Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academic of Social Sciences, China. ISSN 0972-8309; DOI : 10.29070/JND World Copyrights of articles published in JND are controlled by The Journal of National Development, 1988. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission of the Editor. Contents 1. Territorial Autonomy and Conflict Resolution in Northern Ireland : The Lessons for the Kashmir Conflict ..............Zahid Hussain 1 2. Size Class biases in the distribution of Bank Loan and Banking Reform in India ..............Akhilesh Mishra 14 3. Jammu and Kashmir Economy in Historical Perspective : Analysis of Food Crop Productivity in Agro-Climatic Zones of Jammu & Kashmir since 1981 ..............Bilal Ahmad Khan 26 4. A Comparative Study of Agricultural Imports and Exports after Liberalization ..............Veer Virendra Singh 48 5. Sex Ratio and Women’s Autonomy : A Study based on Indian Districts ..............Neha Verma 54 6. A Study of India’s Foreign Trade and its Changing Pattern ..............Mohan Kumar 63 7. Stigma, Discrimination and Patients with Stigmatized Ailments : A Study in Human Rights Perspective in Health Care Setting ..............Anoop Kumar Singh and Preeti Dwivedi 71 8. Awareness of College Students for Textile Reutilization ..............Manjot Kaur and Surabhi Mahajan 81 9. Upliftment of Farmers in India through Skill Development : Strategic Interventions ..............Siran Mukerji, Purnendu Tripathi 87 and Anjana 10. Stress, Therapy and Comic Relief ..............Neerja Deswal 113 11. Youth in India : Demographic Dividend or Burden? ..............S. M. Sajid and Khalid Mohammad Tabish 118 12. Use of Tobacco among Carpet Factory Workers in Nepal : A Case Study of Different Carpet Factories in Kathmandu Valley ..............Ramesh Bahadur Thapa 138 13. Effect of Larger Borrowers on Non Performing Assets in India Vineet Kaushik 145 14. Environmental Problems and Role of Enforcement Institutions : An Analytical Study of Allahabad ..............Bhavana Trivedi 155 15. ‘Stream Choice’ and Aspirations in Higher Secondary Education : A Study of Students in Delhi ..............Priyambada Shah 167 16. Changing Trends in India’s Policy Shift towards Israel and the Question of Palestine ..............Mohd. Javed and Farooque Alam 178 17. Consumer Acceptance and Commercial Viability of Long Panelled Dresses 188 prepared by using Machine Embroidery ..............Pushpinder Kaur and Vandana Gandotra 18. Distribution Pattern of Income among Farm and Non-Farm Households in Hoshiarpur District of Rural Punjab ..............Sarbjeet Singh and Gaganpreet Singh 195 19. Administrators’ Response to Political Pressure : A Study of Chamba and Una Districts of Himachal Pradesh ..............Sapna K. Sharma 213 1 Territorial Autonomy and Conflict Resolution in Northern Ireland : The Lessons for the Kashmir Conflict Zahid Hussain* Territorial autonomy is considered as the highest form of autonomy in terms of the level and the depth of control and authority that it possesses. This arrangement is used in situations where the conflict between the state and the sub-state has reached the unmanageable proportions, or where the sovereignty over the sub-state has been contested by multiple national and/or international actors. Kashmir and Northern Ireland represent the societies that have at different time periods been in the throes of conflict and over which sovereignty has been contested by two states - Britain and Ireland in case of Northern Ireland, and India and Pakistan in case of Kashmir. While the conflict in Northern Ireland has been resolved in 1998 with the application of constitutional principles agreed by the contestants through the Good Friday Agreement of 1998, the Kashmir conflict eludes any