Water Withdrawals, Use, Discharge, and Trends in Florida, 1995 U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4002 Prepared in cooperation with the FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Water Withdrawals, Use, Discharge, and Trends in Florida, 1995 By RICHARD L. MARELLA U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4002 Prepared in cooperation with the FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Tallahassee, Florida 1999 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Charles G. Groat, Director The use of firm, trade, and brand names in this report is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey, WRD Branch of Information Services Suite 3015 Box 25286 227 North Bronough Street Federal Center Tallahassee, FL 32301 Denver, CO 80225-0286 CONTENTS Abstract.................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Purpose and Scope....................................................................................................................................................... 2 Previous Investigations................................................................................................................................................ 3 Data Sources and Limitations...................................................................................................................................... 4 Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 Water Withdrawals and Use................................................................................................................................................... 7 Water Source and Use Category.................................................................................................................................. 10 Public Supply..................................................................................................................................................... 13 Domestic Self-Supplied..................................................................................................................................... 17 Commercial-Industrial Self-Supplied................................................................................................................ 19 Agricultural Self-Supplied (Irrigation and Nonirrigation) ................................................................................ 22 Recreational Irrigation....................................................................................................................................... 26 Power Generation .............................................................................................................................................. 28 Water Management District......................................................................................................................................... 31 Water Consumption and Discharges ..................................................................................................................................... 34 Domestic Wastewater .................................................................................................................................................. 34 Industrial Wastewater .................................................................................................................................................. 36 Water Withdrawal Trends, 1970-95....................................................................................................................................... 38 Selected References............................................................................................................................................................... 41 Water-Use Bibliography for Florida...................................................................................................................................... 44 Florida.......................................................................................................................................................................... 44 Northwest Florida Water Management District........................................................................................................... 44 St. Johns River Water Management District................................................................................................................ 45 South Florida Water Management District.................................................................................................................. 45 Southwest Florida Water Management District........................................................................................................... 45 Suwannee River Water Management District.............................................................................................................. 46 Additional Water-Use Reports or Papers..................................................................................................................... 46 Appendix I ............................................................................................................................................................................. 50 Appendix II............................................................................................................................................................................ 76 FIGURES 1. Graph showing historical and projected population of Florida, 1950-2020............................................................ 2 2. Map showing counties and water management districts in Florida ........................................................................ 3 3-5. Graphs showing: 3. Total water withdrawals in Florida by source, 1995 ............................................................................................... 7 4. Average daily freshwater withdrawals by month in Florida, 1995.......................................................................... 8 5. Fresh ground- and surface-water withdrawals in Florida by cataegory, 1995......................................................... 8 6. Map showing approximate areal extent over which principal aquifers in Florida are the primary source of ground water and quantity of ground-water withdrawals in 1995 ...................................................................... 10 7. Map showing general location of hydrologic units in Florida and fresh ground- and surface-water withdrawals within these units in 1995 ................................................................................................................... 12 3-5. Graphs showing: 8. Public-supply ground-water withdrawals in Florida by principal aquifer, 1995..................................................... 13 9. Average daily public-supply freshwater withdrawals by month in Florida, 1995................................................... 13 10. Public-supply water use in Florida, 1995 ................................................................................................................ 15 11. Historical public supply average daily per capita use in Florida, 1950-95 ............................................................. 15 Contents iii 12. Historical public-supply freshwater withdrawals in Florida by source, 1950-95................................................... 17 13. Domestic self-supplied ground-water withdrawals in Florida by principal aquifer, 1995 ..................................... 19 14. Historical domestic self-supplied freshwater withdrawals in Florida, 1950-95 ..................................................... 19 15. Commercial-industrial self-supplied ground-water withdrawals in Florida by principal aquifer, 1995................. 21 16. Average daily commercial-industrial self-supplied freshwater withdrawals by month in Florida, 1995 ............... 21 17. Commercial-industrial self-supplied freshwater use in Florida by major industrial type, 1995............................. 21 18. Historical commercial-industrial self-supplied freshwater withdrawals in Florida by source, 1950-95................ 22 19. Agricultural self-supplied ground-water withdrawals in Florida by principal aquifer, 1995 ................................. 22 20. Average daily agricultural self-supplied freshwater withdrawals by month in Florida, 1995................................ 24 21. Agricultural self-supplied freshwater use in Florida by major crop type, 1995 ..................................................... 24 22. Historical agricultural acreage for selected crops in Florida, 1970-95................................................................... 24 23. Historical agricultural self-supplied freshwater withdrawals in Florida by source, 1950-95................................. 26 24. Recreational irrigation ground-water withdrawals in Florida by principal aquifer, 1995 .....................................