MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW State Historical Society o*f M.» i*B*B* o *u» r»i 1898*1998 THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI, COLUMBIA THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI The State Historical Society of Missouri, heretofore organized under the laws of the State, shall be the trustee of this State-Laws of Missouri, 1899, R.S. of Mo., 1969, chapter 183, as revised 1978. OFFICERS, 1995-1998 H. RILEY BOCK, New Madrid, President JAMES C. OLSON. Kansas City, First Vice President SHERIDAN A. LOGAN, St. Joseph, Second Vice President VIRGINIA G. YOUNG, Columbia, Third Vice President NOBLE E. CUNNINGHAM. Columbia, Fourth Vice President R. KENNETH ELLIOTT. Liberty, Fifth Vice President ROBERT G. J. HOESTER. Kirkwood, Sixth Vice President ALBERT M. PRICE. Columbia, Treasurer JAMES W. GOODRICH. Columbia, Executive Director, Secretary, and Librarian PERMANENT TRUSTEES FORMER PRESIDENTS OF THE SOCIETY WILLIAM AULL III, Lexington ROBERT C. SMITH, Columbia FRANCIS M. BARNES III, Kirkwood Avis G. TUCKER. Warrensburg LEO J. ROZIER. Perryville TRUSTEES, 1995-1998 WALTER ALLEN, Brookfield R. CROSBY KEMPER III, St. Louis JAMES A. BARNES, Raytown VIRGINIA LAAS, Joplin VERA F. BURK, Kirksville EMORY MELTON. Cassville RICHARD DECOSTER, Canton DOYLE PATTERSON, Kansas City TRUSTEES, 1996-1999 HENRIETTA AMBROSE, Webster Groves JAMES R. MAYO, Bloomfield BRUCE H. BECKETT, Columbia W. GRANT MCMURRAY. Independence CHARLES B. BROWN. Kennett THOMAS L. MILLER SR., Washington LAWRENCE O. CHRISTENSEN. Rolla TRUSTEES, 1997-2000 JOHN K. HULSTON. Springfield ARVARH E. STRICKLAND. Columbia JAMES B. NUTTER. Kansas City BLANCHE M. TOUHILL, St. Louis BOB PRIDDY. Jefferson City HENRY J. WATERS III, Columbia DALE REESMAN, Boonville EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Eight trustees elected by the board of trustees, together with the president of the Society, consti­ tute the executive committee. The executive director of the Society serves as an ex officio member. ROBERT C. SMITH, Columbia, Chairman LAWRENCE O. CHRISTENSEN. Rolla WALTER ALLEN, Brookfield JAMES C. OLSON, Kansas City FRANCIS M. BARNES III, Kirkwood Avis G. TUCKER, Warrensburg H. RILEY BOCK, New Madrid VIRGINIA G. YOUNG, Columbia VERA F. BURK, Kirksville MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW VOLUME XCII, NUMBER 4 JULY 1998 JAMES W. GOODRICH LYNN WOLF GENTZLER Editor Associate Editor ANN L. ROGERS LISA FRICK Research Assistant Research Assistant The MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW (ISSN 0026-6582) is published quarterly by the State Historical Society of Missouri, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, MO 65201-7298. Receipt of the MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW is a benefit of membership in the State Historical Society of Missouri. Phone (573) 882-7083; fax (573) 884-4950; e-mail [email protected]. Periodicals postage is paid at Columbia, Missouri. POSTMASTERS: Send address changes to MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, MO 65201-7298. Copyright © 1998 by The State Historical Society of Missouri EDITORIAL POLICY The editors of the Missouri Historical Review welcome submission of articles and documents relating to the history of Missouri. Any aspect of Missouri history will be con­ sidered for publication in the Review. Genealogical studies, however, are not accepted because of limited appeal to general readers. Manuscripts pertaining to all fields of American history will be considered if the subject matter has significant relevance to the history of Missouri or the West. Authors should submit two double-spaced copies of their manuscripts. The foot­ notes, prepared according to The Chicago Manual of Style, also should be double-spaced and placed at the end of the text. Authors may submit manuscripts on disk. The disk must be IBM compatible, preferably in WordPerfect. Two hard copies still are required, and the print must be letter or near-letter quality. Dot matrix submissions will not be accept­ ed. Originality of subject, general interest of the article, sources used, interpretation, and style are criteria for acceptance and publication. Manuscripts should not exceed 7,500 words. Articles that are accepted for publication become the property of the State Historical Society of Missouri and may not be published elsewhere without permission. The Society does not accept responsibility for statements of fact or opinion made by the authors. Articles published in the Missouri Historical Review are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts, America: History and Life, Recently Published Articles, Writings on American History, The Western Historical Quarterly, and The Journal of American History. Manuscripts submitted for the Review should be addressed to Dr. James W. Goodrich, Editor, Missouri Historical Review, State Historical Society of Missouri, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201-7298. BOARD OF EDITORS LAWRENCE O. CHRISTENSEN SUSAN M. HARTMANN University of Missouri-Rolla Ohio State University Columbus WILLIAM E. FOLEY ALAN R. HAVIG Central Missouri State University Stephens College Warrensburg Columbia JEAN TYREE HAMILTON DAVID D. MARCH Marshall Kirksville ARVARH E. STRICKLAND University of Missouri-Columbia CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY NOTE 353 MAJOR ALPHONSO WETMORE'S DIARY OF A JOURNEY TO SANTA FE, 1828. Introduction by F. F. Stephens 354 TRAVEL INTO MISSOURI IN OCTOBER, 1838. By Eduard Zimmermann 371 MARTHA J. WOODS VISITS MISSOURI IN 1857. Edited by Donald H. Welsh 380 THE CIVIL WAR LETTERS OF COLONEL BAZEL F. LAZEAR. Edited by Vivian Kirkpatrick McLarty 393 SOME ASPECTS OF BLACK EDUCATION IN RECONSTRUCTION MISSOURI: AN ADDRESS BY RICHARD B. FOSTER. Edited by Antonio F. Holland and Gary R. Kremer 407 HISTORICAL NOTES AND COMMENTS A Centennial Salute to George Caleb Bingham Opening Reception Held on April 5 421 Missouri Conference on History Held in April 424 Centennial History of the Society Now Available 425 Centennial Commemorative Items for Sale 426 News in Brief 427 Local Historical Societies 429 Gifts Relating to Missouri 441 Missouri History in Newspapers 443 Missouri History in Magazines 450 In Memoriam 458 BOOK REVIEWS 459 Reinert, Paul C, S.J., and Paul Shore. Seasons of Change: Reflections on a Half Century at Saint Louis University. Reviewed by Mary E. Seematter. Tucker, Phillip Thomas. The Forgotten "Stonewall of the West": Major General John Stevens Bow en. Reviewed by John Bradbury, Jr. BOOK NOTES 463 Burnett, Robyn, and Ken Luebbering. German Settlement in Missouri: New Land, Old Ways. Stanard, John R. Caring for America: The Story of Family Practice. Crossroads at the Spring: A Pictorial History of Springfield, Missouri. INDEX TO VOLUME XCII 465 MISSOURI IN 1898: SCOTT JOPLIN AND THE "MAPLE LEAF RAG" Inside back cover Introductory Note While the State Historical Society of Missouri prides itself on the quali­ ty of articles published in the Missouri Historical Review, the inclusion of edited works in its quarterly journal has not been neglected. Edited letters, documents, diaries, and reminiscences have proven to be important compo­ nents in making accessible the history and heritage of the state and its peo­ ple. For this third number of the centennial volume of the Missouri Historical Review, the editorial staff has selected five edited works from past issues to illustrate the types of those materials that have been printed through the years. The Review has contained edited works from its first volume when Jonas Viles, a professor of history at the University of Missouri, contributed "Documents Illustrating the Troubles on the Border, 1858" (Vol. 1, April-July 1907; Vol. 2, October 1907). Interestingly, documents from the period lead­ ing up to the Civil War and the war itself comprise many of the edited works that have appeared in the Review, including the most recent, "Reporting From an Enemy's Land: The Indiana Letters of 'Chincoupin,' 1861," edited by Jeffrey L. Patrick for the April 1996 issue. The editors of the contributions selected for this issue are F. F. Stephens, William G. Bek, Donald H. Welsh, Vivian McLarty, Antonio F. Holland, and Gary R. Kremer. Stephens, who edited a Santa Fe Trail diary by Alphonso Wetmore, enjoyed distinguished teaching and administrative careers at the University of Missouri-Columbia. William G. Bek, who taught at the University of North Dakota, translated Eduard Zimmermann's 1838 Missouri travel account and contributed other significant items on Germans in Missouri to the Review. At the time Donald H. Welsh's edited version of Martha Woods's account of Missouri in 1857 appeared in the Review, he was an assistant editor of the journal. He later taught history at Valley City State College in North Dakota. When Vivian McLarty edited Bazel F. Lazear's Civil War letters, like Welsh, she also was a member of the State Historical Society's editorial staff, serving as copy editor of the Review. She was later on the staff of the State Historical Society of Iowa. Antonio F. Holland and Gary R. Kremer both taught at Lincoln University when they co-edited the address by Richard B. Foster on African American education in Reconstruction Missouri. Holland still teaches at Lincoln, while Kremer is now a professor of history at William Woods University, Fulton. The edito­ rial staff has incorporated corrections and punctuation, plus included first names in brackets where appropriate. These first-person experiences offer a variety of perspectives on social and political conditions in nineteenth-century Missouri and the West. James W. Goodrich Editor 353 Missouri Historical Society, St. Louis Major Alphonso Wetmore's Diary of a Journey to Santa Fe, 1828 INTRODUCTION BY F. E STEPHENS* Alphonso Wetmore,1 like several other of our noteworthy early settlers, first became interested in the Territory of Missouri as an official of the National Government, and when he later resigned his office he remained in the new State and became one of its influential citizens. Born in 1793, he was not yet twenty years of age when the second war with England commenced. He entered the national service at that time and lost his right arm in one of the northern frontier campaigns. He was retained in the service of the United States Army, however, after the war, and was sta­ tioned in the Territory of Missouri, being paymaster in the Sixth Regiment, *F.