Sustainability How-to Guide – Waste Stream Management Sustainability How-to Guide Series Waste Stream Management Bill Conley, CFM SFP, FMP, LEED, AP, IFMA Fellow Sharon Jaye, D.Ed., SFP Facility Manager Executive Director Yamaha Motor Corporation Green Schools Alliance Sustainability How-to Guide – Waste Stream Management 1 Sustainability How-to Guide – Waste Stream Management Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................................................................................... 3 ABOUT THE AUTHORS ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4 FOREWORD ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 IFMA ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP , UTILITIES AND SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGIC ADVISORY GROUP .................................................. 6 PART 1 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................................................. 8 PART 2 - INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1 Background ............................................................................................................................................................................. 9 2.2 Resource Management........................................................................................................................................................... 9 PART 3 - DETAILED FINDINGS ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 3.1 Waste Management Concepts ............................................................................................................................................ 10 3.1.1 Waste Hierarchy ................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 3.1.2 Zero Waste ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 3.1.3 Life Cycle Assessment...................................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.2 Waste Management Strategies ........................................................................................................................................... 14 3.2.1 Reduction Strategies ........................................................................................................................................................................ 14 3.2.2 Reuse Strategies ............................................................................................................................................................................... 19 3.2.3 Recycling Strategies .......................................................................................................................................................................... 20 3.2.4 Recovery Strategies .......................................................................................................................................................................... 34 3.2.5 Disposal............................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 3.3 Waste Management Plan .................................................................................................................................................... 40 3.3.1 Environmental Management System ........................................................................................................................................... 41 3.3.2 Waste Audit ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 41 3.3.4 Designing and Implementing a Recycling Program .................................................................................................................. 44 3.3.5 Tracking and Documentation ........................................................................................................................................................ 45 3.3.6 Occupant Education and Training ................................................................................................................................................ 45 PART 4 - MAKING THE BUSINESS CASE ............................................................................................................................................... 48 PART 5 - CASE STUDIES ...................................................................................................................................................................... 50 5.1 Case Study #1........................................................................................................................................................................ 50 5.2 Case Study #2 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 51 5.3 Case Study #3 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 53 5.4 Case Study #4 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 56 5.5 Case Study #5 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 61 5.6 Case Study #6 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 62 PART 6 - APPENDICES ......................................................................................................................................................................... 65 Appendix A: Resources ............................................................................................................................................................... 65 Print Resources ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 65 Online Resources ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 65 Appendix B: Fun Facts for Education Programs .................................................................................................................... 67 Appendix C: Glossary.................................................................................................................................................................. 69 Sustainability How-to Guide – Waste Stream Management 2 Sustainability How-to Guide – Waste Stream Management Acknowledgements The authors would like to express their gratitude to Maria Lazaruk with CR&R Inc., Chuck Boelkins and Dan Loudermilk with the Georgia Department of Natural Resources Sustainability Division, Cindy Jackson with the Georgia Institute of Technology, and Gloria Hardegree with the Georgia Recycling Coalition for reviewing the article and lending their expertise as subject matter experts and external reviewers. Acknowledgement also is given to Susan Kidd and Justine Schwartz for the Agnes Scott College case study, Stephanie Busch and Susan Wood for the Georgia Department of Natural Resources case study, and Laurie Gilmer with Facility Engineering Associates for the corporate case study. The authors also wish to thank Kathy Walsh, Director, Business Waste Management, and Sustainability Consulting for her leadership on the 2016 update of this Guide. EExternalExxtternalernal RReviewerseviewers R. Charles Boelkins, Ph.D., Industrial Ecologist, Sustainability Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Atlanta, Ga., USA Laurie Gilmer, P.E., CFM, LEED AP, CxA, Associate, Facility Engineering Associates, P.C., Santa Rosa, Calif., USA Gloria Hardegree, Executive Director, Georgia Recycling Coalition, Atlanta, Ga., USA Cindy Jackson, Assistant Director, Office of Solid Waste Management & Recycling Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Ga., USA Maria Lazaruk, Senior Public Relations-Compliance Manager, CR&R Incorporated, Orange County, Calif., USA Dan Loudermilk, P.E., Sustainable Systems Engineer, Sustainability Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Atlanta, Ga., USA EEditorialditorial BoardBoard AAdvisorsdvisors Eric Teicholz, IFMA Fellow Bill Conley, IFMA