2015 THE BERLIN JOURNAL ALL f A Magazine from the American Academy in Berlin Number Twenty-Nine Fall 2015 NUMBER 29 THE BERLIN JOURNAL THE BERLIN CRIsIs ANd CONvERgENCE An overview of German- American relations gONTH g BA Mary Cappello on sound and mood A dEEpER fREEdOM Philip Kitcher on Dewey’s Democracy and Education Architecture ANd COLd-WAR HOspitality by Vladimir Kulić THE ENd A new short story by Anthony Marra A biomass facility in South Africa +++ Turns cow dung into electricity +++ Providing 30 percent of power for our Rosslyn plant +++ The BMW Group +++ Pioneering renewable energy +++ Sustainable cars and production +++ Going hand in hand Watch the video here: BMWGROUP.COM/WHATSNEXT OTHERS HAVE ONE ENERGY SUPPLIER. WE’VE GOT 25,000. PRODUCTION USING 100% RENEWABLE ENERGY. IT’S WHAT’S NEXT FOR US. CONTENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS focus features notebook 4 24 64 7 CHANgINg Moods, ENdURINg 26 GonTH g BA 66 HENRy A. KIssINgER pRIzE 2015 INTEREsTs by Mary Cappello to Hans-Dietrich Genscher by Josef Joffe and Giorgio Napolitano 29 vULA IE A bord dE L’eau 10 TransATLANTIC CRIsEs by Michael B. Miller 69 CNEW HAIRMAN ANd TRUsTEEs by Karsten Voigt 34 Methlabs ANd INdUsTRIAL Alchemy 70 ProfILEs in ScholarsHIp 14 AIR BERLIN by Jason Pine Class of Fall 2015 by William I. Hitchcock 38 ArtisT PortfOLIO 72 BOOK REvIEWs 18 REMEMBERINg TEMpELHOf Adrià Julià; text by Alena J. Williams by Tara Bray Smith Interviews with Gail Halvorsen and Adam Ross 46 A DeepER FreedOM and Michael Hoth by Philip Kitcher 75 Alumni BOOKs 20 THE FigHT OvER Peace 50 BUILdINg BETWEEN WORLds 76 Supporters ANd dONORs by Philipp Gassert by Vladimir Kulić 54 THE ENd by Anthony Marra 58 StrongMAN Theory A discussion about authoritarianism 62 BOREdOM in THE Bloc by Paulina Bren Josef Joffe, a founding trustee of the Mannheim and co­author of Amerikas Fall 2015 Axel Springer Fellow Vladimir Kulić American Academy in Berlin, is editor/pub­ Kriege (2014). Fall 2015 Holtzbrinck Fellow is an associate professor of architecture lisher of Die Zeit. His latest book is The Myth Mary Cappello is a writer and professor of at Florida State University. Anthony Marra of America’s Decline (2013). Karsten Voigt English and creative writing at the Univer­ teaches writing at Stanford University and was a Social Democrat member of the sity of Rhode Island. Michael B. Miller is a is the fall 2015 Mary Ellen von der Heyden Bundes tag from 1976 to 1998 and served professor of history at the University of Fellow in Fiction. Martin Dimitrov headed as the German federal government’s coor­ Miami and the fall 2015 Nina Maria Gorrissen the Richard C. Holbrooke Forum summer dinator of German­American Cooperation Fellow of History. Jason Pine is the fall 2015 2015 retreat. He teaches political science at from 1999 to 2010. William I. Hitchcock is Bosch Fellow in Public Policy and an assistant Tulane University. Academy trustee Wolfgang a professor of history at the University of professor of anthropology and media, soci­ Ischinger is a German diplomat and the Virginia and the Pulitzer­nominated author ety, and the arts at SUNY Purchase. Adrià chairman of the Munich Security Conference. of The Bitter Road to Freedom: The Human Julià, a Los Angeles­based multidisciplinary Paulina Bren teaches history at Vassar Cost of Allied Victory in World War II Europe artist, is the fall 2015 Guna S. Mundheim College and is co­editor of Communism (2009). Gail Halvorsen, the original Candy Fellow in the Visual Arts. Alena J. Williams Unwrapped: Consumption in Cold War Eastern Bomber, is a retired career officer and com­ is an assistant professor in the Department Europe (2012). Tara Bray Smith is the mand pilot in the US Air Force. Michael of Visual Arts at University of California, author of West of Then: A Mother, a Daughter, Hoth is a retired US Air Force sergeant and San Diego. John Dewey Professor of Philos­ and a Journey Past Paradise (2004), a administration specialist at Tempelhof ophy at Columbia University Philip Kitcher memoir about Hawaii. Adam Ross, a 2014 Aiport. Philipp Gassert is the chair of is working on his project “Renewing Prag­ Academy alumnus, is a writer and author of contemporary history at the University of matism” as the Daimler Fellow of fall 2015. the award­winning novel Mr. Peanut (2010). THE BERLIN JOURNAL fOUNdER Richard C. Holbrooke fOUNdINg CHAIRMEN Thomas L. Number Twenty-Nine Farmer, Henry A. Kissinger, Fall 2015 Richard von Weizsäcker CHAIRMAN Gahl Hodges Burt pUBLIsHER Gerhard Casper Editor R. Jay Magill Jr. TRUsTEEs Manfred Bischoff, MANAgINg Editor Stephen B. Burbank, Gahl Johana Gallup Hodges Burt, Caroline Walker AdvertisINg Berit Ebert Bynum, Gerhard Casper, dEsIgN Susanna Dulkinys Roger Cohen, Mathias Döpfner, & Edenspiekermann Marina Kellen French, Michael E. Geyer, Hans-Michael Giesen, Copyright © 2015 C. Boyden Gray, Vartan American Academy in Berlin Gregorian, Andrew S. Gundlach, ISSN 1610-6490 Helga Haub, Florian Henckel We are deeply von Donnersmarck, Wolfgang Cover Image: A. Herrmann, Stefan von grateful to © Claus Goedicke, Telefon, 2011, Holtzbrinck, Dirk Ippen, from the series “Some Things,” Wolfgang Ischinger, Josef Joffe, Courtesy Galerie m Bochum, Michael S. Klein, John C. Germany Kornblum, Regine Leibinger, TELEFÓNICA DEUTSCHLAND HOLDING AG Vincent A. Mai, Wolfgang Printed by Ruksaldruck, Berlin Malchow, Nina von Maltzahn, Kati Marton, Julie Mehretu, Michael Müller (ex officio), THE american acadEMy Adam Posen, George E. Rupp, IN BERLIN Volker Schlöndorff, Peter Y. Solmssen, Kurt F. Viermetz, pREsIdENT Christine I. Wallich, Maureen Gerhard Casper White, Pauline Yu CHIEf Operating OffICER Christian U. Diehl CHAIRMAN EMERITUs Karl M. von der Heyden Am Sandwerder 17–19 14109 Berlin TRUsTEEs EMERITI John P. Tel. (49 30) 80 48 3-0 Birkelund, Diethart Breipohl, Fax (49 30) 80 48 3-111 Richard K. Goeltz, Wolfgang americanacademy.de Mayrhuber, Norman Pearlstine, and Fritz Stern 14 East 60th Street, Suite 604 New York, NY 10022 ExecutivE director EMERITUs Tel. (1) 212 588-1755 Gary Smith STEFAN VON HOLTZBRINCK Fax (1) 212 588-1758 The Berlin Journal App for their generous support of this issue of The Berlin Journal. Support The Academy is entirely funded by private, tax-deductible donations. Contributions may be made: IN gERMANy IN THE UNITEd sTATEs by bank transfer to: by check payable to: American Academy in Berlin American Academy in Berlin Berliner Sparkasse 14 East 60th Street, Suite 604 BLZ 100 500 00 New York, NY 10022 Account: 660 000 9908 by bank transfer to: IBAN: JPMorgan Chase DE07 1005 0000 6600 0099 08 500 Stanton Christiana Road BIC: BELADEBEXXX Newark, DE 19713 Account: 967 33 12 77 ABA: 021 00 00 21 SWIFT CODE: CHASUS 33 PRESIDENT’S NOTE Crises in the Partnership sINCE ARRIvINg IN BERLIN, I have frequently listened to report- by two eyewitness accounts by men who flew planes in and ers and others stating their belief that the US-German rela- out of Tempelhof, both during the Airlift and the Cold War. tionship is in trouble. “You have become president of the Finally, University of Mannheim historian Philipp Gassert Academy at a time when the German-American relation- looks at the context and consequences of the 1979 NATO ship is at an all-time low—in fact, when it is in the midst of Double-Track Decision. Taken together, these articles sug- a historical crisis.” I have also heard more sanguine views gest that the nations’ intertwined twentieth-century histo- on the matter, but this one seems to be the most prevalent. ries have led to a series of interactions that at times have Revelations about the scope of the National Security been more emotional than those between sovereign na- Agency’s intelligence gathering have undoubtedly in- tions usually are. They also show that the values forming creased German criticism of the United States, especially the bedrocks of our political systems—democracy, freedom among the younger generations, and have sparked the con- of the press, rule of law, and inalienable human rights— cern that this episode might signify the onset of a long-term have endured. rift, even though a number of observers note that differenc- As always, the bulk of the Berlin Journal is dedicated es voiced in public do not reflect the reality of continued to our resident fellows, whose presence and work at the cooperation in government-to-government relations. Academy comprises the heart of our mission. The Features In the more than fifty years that I have lived in the section offers a mix of essays and stories from some of United States I have observed many a crisis in German- America’s most interesting scholars, writers, and artists. American relations. Philosopher Philip Kitcher looks to John Dewey’s hallmark The Focus section of this Berlin Journal is therefore ded- work Democracy and Education for keys to reconceiving our icated to taking a look at past tensions the two countries own democratic virtues; writer Mary Cappello’s first-per- have endured, as well as at some of the highpoints of the re- son account ventures into the topic of overlapping moods lationship since the end of World War II. In the opening es- and sound; architectural historian Vladimir Kulić discusses say, Die Zeit’s Josef Joffe, a founding trustee of the Academy, Yugoslavia’s imaginative Cold-War building projects; novel- observes, “The record shows that Germany’s affection for ist Anthony Marra offers a vivid story from his new collec- the US has waned since the early postwar years, yet in tion; historian Michael B. Miller hinges French identity to spite of an ever-changing setting, common interests have the country’s many waterways; anthropologist Jason Pine prevailed.” Karsten Voigt was for more than twenty years a investigates the home-manufacturing of illegal narcotics in Social Democratic member of the Bundestag and from 1999 the American heartland; and Los Angeles-based artist Adrià to 2010 served as the German federal government’s coordi- Julià offers some images of his latest multimedia work.