INTEGRATED POST FLOOD ASSESSMENT MAY 2010 Disaster Management Centre Ministry of Disaster Management Sri Lanka INTEGRATED POST FLOOD ASSESSMENT MAY 2010 DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTRE MINISTRY OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT SRI LANKA 2012 e International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/e World Bank 1818 H Street, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-Mail: [email protected] Published by e World Bank Colombo Oce 73/5, Galle Road, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka Internet: www.worldbank.org/lk is volume is a product of the sta of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/eWorld Bank. e ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reect the views of the Executive Directors of e World Bank or the governments they represent. e World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. e boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of e World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. 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Tel: 2852410, E-mail: [email protected] ii FOREWORD In May 2010, pre-monsoon rains that were intensified by Cyclone Laila saw thunder storms and high winds, accompanied by floods and landslides, sweep through 14 of Sri Lanka’s 25 districts. The extreme weather caused severe distress to over half a million people and billions of rupees in damages to public and private assets. This report is a record of this unanticipated natural disaster and is also a guide to future post disaster assessments and highlights the importance of investment in disaster risk reduction. With the receding of flood waters the Government of Sri Lanka initiated a process of evaluating the impact of the disaster to strengthen the recovery process and disaster preparedness systems. As part of this process, the Disaster Management Centre of Sri Lanka (DMC) requested the World Bank’s assistance to conduct a Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA) for the first time in Sri Lanka. In response, the World Bank, in collaboration with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), mobilized a team of experts from the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR), to support Government agencies conduct the post flood assessment. This report is the culmination of these efforts. While the focus of this report is limited to the five worst affected districts of Colombo, Gampaha, Kalutara, Matara and Galle, the disaster impact evaluation encapsulated within this report will have the much broader national relevance of assisting Sri Lanka conduct similar post disaster assessments in the future. The report captures the broad impact of the disaster on the country’s economy and also examines the impact on different sectors of the economy, such as the country’s infrastructure, productive sectors and livelihoods. The assessment, for the first time, gives policy makers a detailed and quantified picture of damages, and direct and indirect losses, suffered by populations affected by a natural disaster. Although direct physical damages are easily noted and replaced, indirect losses are in many cases less noticeable. However, indirect losses may account for an equal, or larger share, of the overall impact. This report illustrates how such visible and invisible losses can be quantified for a better understanding of effects of natural disasters. The report also identifies recovery and risk mitigation needs. The assessment of the May 2010 floods highlighted the urgent need to develop sustainable mechanisms for the maintenance of drainage, irrigation and flood control systems in the country. The unexpected speed and virulence of the May 2010 floods also highlighted the need for strengthening disaster preparedness, iii particularly as the country faces a greater likelihood of extreme weather conditions in future, due to climate change. I hope this report, the first of its kind, will become a guide to future post disaster assessments and to develop sustainable disaster recovery strategies for Sri Lanka. I would like to thank the UNDP, the World Bank and the GFDRR for providing technical and financial assistance to undertake this first post flood assessment in Sri Lanka. I would also like to thank the sector agencies and resource persons involved in the assessment, including the DMC, for their contribution in completing this assessment successfully. S. M. Mohamed Secretary Ministry of Disaster Management iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was compiled by the Ministry of Disaster Management of Sri Lanka with assistance from the World Bank, the GFDRR and the UNDP. The World Bank and the GFDRR provided technical expertise in adopting the methodology of assessing damages and losses, and in training Sri Lankan teams on data capturing and analysis for Sri Lanka’s first post disaster damage and loss assessment. The UNDP collaborated by providing coordination support, technical expertise in data compilation and analysis, and by funding the logistical arrangements. Sri Lanka’s first Damage and Loss Assessment (DaLA) was successfully completed by the Disaster Management Centre of Sri Lanka (DMC), under the aegis of the Ministry of Disaster Management. In concluding the DaLA of the May 2010 floods, the assessment team would like to acknowledge the support of the former Minister of Disaster Management, Hon. A. H. M. Fowzie, the current Minister of Disaster Management, Hon. Mahinda Amaraweera, and the Secretary to the Ministry of Disaster Management, Mrs. S. M. Mohamed. The assessment team acknowledges the leadership of Major General Gamini Hettiarachchi (Retd.), Director General of the DMC, Mr. G. K. D. Amarawardene, former Additional Secretary to the Ministry of Disaster Management, Mr. U. W. L. Chandradasa, Director of the DMC, Mr. Prashant, Senior Disaster Risk Management Specialist of the World Bank, Ms. Rosanna Nitti, Senior Urban Specialist of the World Bank and Dr. Ananda Mallawatantri, Assistant Resident Representative of UNDP Sri Lanka. Technical input in carring out the DaLA were provided by Mr. Roberto Jovel, Mr. Doekle Wielinga, Mr. Rami Quttaineh, from the GFDRR and Mr. Kirthisri Rajatha Wijeweera and Mr. T. G. Srinivasan from the World Bank. The DaLA on the May 2010 floods would not have been possible without the contributions and assistance from many different national agencies including the Sri Lanka Navy, Sri Lanka Army, Sri Lanka Air Force, the National Disaster Relief Services Center (NDRSC), the Ministry of Education (MOE), the Ministry of Health (MoH), the National Housing Development Authority (NHDA), the National Building Research Organization(NBRO), the National Water Supply and Drainage Board (NWS&DB), the Colombo Municipal Council , the Urban Development Authority (UDA), the Irrigation Department (ID), the Sri Lanka Land Reclamation and Development Corporation (SLLRDC), the Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB), the Road Development Authority (RDA), Sri Lanka Railways (SLR), the Civil Aviation Authority, the v Ministry of Agriculture, the Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Department of Agrarian Development, the Animal Products and Livestock Department, the Ministry of Fisheries, the Department of Fisheries, the Industrial Development Board, the Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority, the Central Environmental Authority (CEA), the Waste Management Authority of the Western Province, the Department of Labor, the Ministry of Social Services and Childcare, the Ministry of Women’s Affairs and Children, the Ministry of Public Administration, the Central Bank of Sri Lanka, Department of Census and Statistics and many other national agencies. Many private sector institutions also contributed to the assessment, including the telecommunications services providers Mobitel, Dialog, Etisalat, Airtel, Hutch and Sri Lanka Telecom (SLT), the National Chamber of Commerce of Sri Lanka (NCCSL) and the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce (CCC). Districts Secretaries of the five worst flood affected districts, the District Disaster Management Coordinators, Divisional Secretaries and officials of the Central Government and provincial line agencies, are acknowledged with gratitude for facilitating and contributing to the assessment. In addition, coordination, facilitation and technical inputs were provided by Mr. Ramitha Wijetunga, Mr. Suranga Kahandawa, Mr. Chaminda Weerasinghe, Ms. Kushani De Silva and Mr. Priyanga Premaratne from the UNDP. Mr. Pradeep Kodippili and Mr. Palitha Bandara from the DMC, and Mr. Upali Delpachitra, Consultant to the World Bank. The assessment