APPENDICES I. Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice II. Roster of the United Nations III. Selected Bibliography IV. Who's Who in the United Nations I. Charter of the United Nations and Statute of the International Court of Justice1 CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED NATIONS aging respect for human rights and for fundamental DETERMINED freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, to save succeeding generations from the scourge of language, or religion; and war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold 4. To be a center for harmonizing the actions of sorrow to mankind, and nations in the attainment of these common ends. to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the Article 2 dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the small, and Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles. to establish conditions under which justice and respect 1. The Organization is based on the principle of the for the obligations arising from treaties and other sovereign equality of all its Members. sources of international law can be maintained, and 2. All Members, in order to ensure to all of them the to promote social progress and better standards of life rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall in larger freedom, fulfil in good faith the obligations assumed by them in AND FOR THESE ENDS accordance with the present Charter. to practice tolerance and live together in peace with 3. All Members shall settle their international dis- one another as good neighbors, and putes by peaceful means in such a manner that interna- to unite our strength to maintain international peace tional peace and security, and justice, are not endangered. and security, and 4. All Members shall refrain in their international to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the in- relations from the threat or use of force against the terri- stitution of methods, that armed force shall not be torial integrity or political independence of any state, or used, save in the common interest, and in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations. to employ international machinery for the promotion 5. All Members shall give the United Nations every of the economic and social advancement of all peoples, assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the HAVE RESOLVED TO COMBINE OUR EFFORTS present Charter, and shall refrain from giving assistance TO ACCOMPLISH THESE AIMS. to any state against which the United Nations is taking Accordingly, our respective Governments, through preventive or enforcement action. representatives assembled in the city of San Francisco, 6. The Organization shall ensure that states which are who have exhibited their full powers found to be in good not Members of the United Nations act in accordance with and due form, have agreed to the present Charter of the these Principles so far as may be necessary for the main- United Nations and do hereby establish an international tenance of international peace and security. organization to be known as the United Nations. 7. Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters CHAPTER I which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state or shall require the Members to submit such PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES matters to settlement under the present Charter; but this Article 1 principle shall not prejudice the application of enforce- The Purposes of the United Nations are: ment measures under Chapter VII. 1. To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the CHAPTER II prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for MEMBERSHIP the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in Article 3 conformity with the principles of justice and international The original Members of the United Nations shall be law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes the states which, having participated in the United Na- or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace; tions Conference on International Organization at San 2. To develop friendly relations among nations based 1 on respect for the principle of equal rights and self- This text is reproduced verbatim from Facsimile of determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate the Charter of the United Nations, Statute of the Inter- national Court of Justice and Interim Arrangements. In measures to strengthen universal peace; five languages. Signed at the United Nations Conference 3. To achieve international cooperation in solving on International Organization, San Francisco, California, international problems of an economic, social, cultural, June 26, 1945. [Washington, Govt. Pr. Off., 1945.] or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encour- (Department of State, Pub. 2368, Conference Series 76.) 988 Yearbook of the United Nations Francisco, or having previously signed the Declaration Article 11 by United Nations of January 1, 1942, sign the present 1. The General Assembly may consider the general Charter and ratify it in accordance with Article 110. principles of cooperation in the maintenance of inter- Article 4 national peace and security, including the principles gov- erning disarmament and the regulation of armaments, 1. Membership in the United Nations is open to all and may make recommendations with regard to such other peace-loving states which accept the obligations principles to the Members or to the Security Council or contained in the present Charter and, in the judgment of to both. the Organization, are able and willing to carry out these 2. The General Assembly may discuss any questions obligations. relating to the maintenance of international peace and 2. The admission of any such state to membership in security brought before it by any Member of the United the United Nations will be effected by a decision of the Nations, or by the Security Council, or by a state which General Assembly upon the recommendation of the is not a Member of the United Nations in accordance Security Council. with Article 35, paragraph 2, and, except as provided in Article 5 Article 12, may make recommendations with regard to A Member of the United Nations against which pre- any such questions to the state or states concerned or to ventive or enforcement action has been taken by the the Security Council or to both. Any such question on Security Council may be suspended from the exercise of which action is necessary shall be referred to the Security the rights and privileges of membership by the General Council by the General Assembly either before or after Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security discussion. Council. The exercise of these rights and privileges may 3. The General Assembly may call the attention of be restored by the Security Council. the Security Council to situations which are likely to endanger international peace and security. Article 6 4. The powers of the General Assembly set forth in A Member of the United Nations which has persist- this Article shall not limit the general scope of Article ently violated the Principles contained in the present 10. Charter may be expelled from the Organization by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Article 12 Security Council. 1. While the Security Council is exercising in respect of any dispute or situation the functions assigned to it CHAPTER III in the present Charter, the General Assembly shall not make any recommendation with regard to that dispute or ORGANS situation unless the Security Council so requests. Article 7 2. The Secretary-General, with the consent of the 1. There are established as the principal organs of Security Council, shall notify the General Assembly at the United Nations: a General Assembly, a Security each session of any matters relative to the maintenance Council, an Economic and Social Council, a Trusteeship of international peace and security which are being dealt Council, an International Court of Justice, and a Secre- with by the Security Council and shall similarly notify tariat. the General Assembly, or the Members of the United 2. Such subsidiary organs as may be found necessary Nations if the General Assembly is not in session, im- may be established in accordance with the present mediately the Security Council ceases to deal with such Charter. matters. Article 8 Article 13 The United Nations shall place no restrictions on the eligibility of men and women to participate in any 1. The General Assembly shall initiate studies and capacity and under conditions of equality in its principal make recommendations for the purpose of: and subsidiary organs. a. promoting international cooperation in the political field and encouraging the progressive de- velopment of international law and its codification; CHAPTER IV b. promoting international cooperation in the THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY economic, social, cultural, educational, and health Composition fields, and assisting in the realization of human Article 9 rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion. 1. The General Assembly shall consist of all the 2. The further responsibilities, functions, and powers Members of the United Nations. of the General Assembly with respect to matters men- 2. Each Member shall have not