Metro til Nordhavn VVM-redegørelse og miljøvurdering September 2012 METRO TIL NORDHAVN VVM-REDEGØRELSE OG MILJØVURDERING Udarbejdet af: Metroselskabet I/S Københavns Kommune, Økonomiforvaltningen, Center for Byudvikling Redaktion og tilrettelæggelse: Københavns Kommune, Økonomiforvaltningen, Center for Byudvikling Foto, kort og illustrationer: COWI, Københavns Kommune Forside: COBE, SLETH, Polyform, Rambøll Grafisk tilrettelæggelse: Louise M. Jeppesen – keepyourdarlings.com Tryk: Kailow Graphic Oplag 400 stk. ISBN nr. 978-87-91916-29-8 Metro til Nordhavn VVM-redegørelse og miljøvurdering September 2012 INDHOLD 1. INDLEDNING ...................................................................................................................7 2. IKKE-TEKNISK RESUMÉ ................................................................................................9 2.1 METROANLÆGGET.................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 ANLÆGSARBEJDET ...................................................................................................................12 2.3 TRAFIK ................................................................................................................................................13 2.4 STØJ ......................................................................................................................................................14 2.5 VIBRATIONER .................................................................................................................................16 2.6 LUFTFORURENING OG KLIMA ........................................................................................18 2.7 LANDSKAB, BYRUM OG KULTURARV ........................................................................19 2.8 MENNESKER, SUNDHED OG SAMFUND .................................................................19 2.9 NATUR ...............................................................................................................................................20 2.10 GRUNDVAND............................................................................................................................21 2.11 OVERFLADEVAND .................................................................................................................22 2.12 JORDBUNDSFORHOLD OG OVERSKUDSJORD ..............................................23 2.13 MATERIALER OG AFFALD .................................................................................................23 2.14 KOMMUNENS SAMLEDE MILJØVURDERING .....................................................24 3. VVM- OG MILJØVURDERINGSPROCESSEN ........................................................25 3.1 FORMÅLET MED PROJEKTET .............................................................................................25 3.2 BAGGRUND ...................................................................................................................................25 3.3 LOVGRUNDLAGET OG PLANPROCESSEN ............................................................26 3.4 VVM AF PROJEKTFORSLAGET ............................................................................................27 3.5 MILJØVURDERING AF KOMMUNEPLANTILLÆG ................................................29 3.6 MILJØGODKENDELSE AF BETONBLANDEANLÆG ..........................................30 4. BESKRIVELSE AF ANLÆGGET ...................................................................................31 4.1 LINJEFØRING OG UDFORMNING ................................................................................31 4.2 BORET TUNNEL ..........................................................................................................................32 4.3 CUT & COVER-TUNNEL, ÅBEN RAMPE OG HØJBANE ................................34 4.4 SKAKT OG STATIONER ..........................................................................................................35 4.5 BANETEKNIK OG KØRESTRØM ......................................................................................40 4.6 TUNNELARBEJDSPLADS ........................................................................................................42 4.7 TIDSPLAN FOR ANLÆGSARBEJDET .............................................................................43 5. ALTERNATIVER .............................................................................................................45 5.1 0-ALTERNATIVET ..........................................................................................................................45 5.2 ALTERNATIVER DER HAR VÆRET OVERVEJET .......................................................45 6. LOV- OG PLANMÆSSIGE BINDINGER ..................................................................49 6.1 METODE .............................................................................................................................................49 6.2 INTERNATIONAL LOVGIVNING ......................................................................................49 6.3 NATIONAL LOVGIVNING .....................................................................................................51 6.4 PLANER VEDRØRENDE REGIONAL UDVIKLING .................................................53 6.5 KOMMUNE- OG LOKALPLANER .....................................................................................53 6.6 KOMMUNENS VURDERING .................................................................................................55 Metro til Nordhavn - VVM-redegørelse og miljøvurdering 3 7. TRAFIKALE FORHOLD ................................................................................................57 7.1 METODE .............................................................................................................................................57 7.2 EKSISTERENDE FORHOLD ....................................................................................................57 7.3 VIRKNINGER I ANLÆGSFASEN ...........................................................................................58 7.4 VIRKNINGER I DRIFTSFASEN ................................................................................................61 7.5 MANGLENDE VIDEN .................................................................................................................62 7.6 KOMMUNENS VURDERING .................................................................................................62 8. STØJ ...................................................................................................................................65 8.1 METODE .............................................................................................................................................65 8.2 EKSISTERENDE FORHOLD ....................................................................................................66 8.3 VIRKNINGER I ANLÆGSFASEN ...........................................................................................66 8.4 VIRKNINGER I DRIFTSFASEN ................................................................................................73 8.5 MANGLENDE VIDEN .................................................................................................................73 8.6 KOMMUNENS VURDERING .................................................................................................74 9. VIBRATIONER .................................................................................................................77 9.1 METODE .............................................................................................................................................77 9.2 EKSISTERENDE FORHOLD ....................................................................................................80 9.3 VIRKNINGER I ANLÆGSFASEN ...........................................................................................80 9.4 VIRKNINGER I DRIFTSFASEN ................................................................................................84 9.5 MANGLENDE VIDEN .................................................................................................................85 9.6 KOMMUNENS VURDERING .................................................................................................85 10. LUFTFORURENING OG KLIMA .............................................................................87 10.1 METODE ..........................................................................................................................................87 10.2 EKSISTERENDE FORHOLD .................................................................................................88 10.3 VIRKNINGER I ANLÆGSFASEN ........................................................................................89 10.4 VIRKNINGER I DRIFTSFASEN .............................................................................................91 10.5 MANGLENDE VIDEN ..............................................................................................................93 10.6 KOMMUNENS VURDERING...............................................................................................93 11. LANDSKAB, BYRUM OG KULTURHISTORIE .....................................................95 11.1 METODE ..........................................................................................................................................95 11.2 EKSISTERENDE FORHOLD .................................................................................................95