Answer Keys for Daily Work Lessons 1–20 06COREAKA0615-0615 Contents History Lesson Manual . 3 Art History . 5 Science Activities . 6 Science Textbook . 7 Science Lesson Manual . 14 Reading Lesson Manual . 15 Reading Activities . 19 Answer HISTORY Keys LESSON MANUAL ANSWER KEY LESSONS 1–20 History Lessons 1–20 Lesson Manual LESSON 1 4 Learning from the mistakes of or artificial. 8 Boundaries that are previous cultures helps us to make man-made can cause disputes because 1 Answers vary. How someone is more informed decisions about the they may shift. Answers vary for part 2. treated or treats others may influence future. 9 Answers vary. Possible answers: 2 their perception. Many items we climate, topography, population use today can be found in ancient civilizations. As our tools were LESSON 6 perfected, so were the inventions. 1 Climates conducive to farming and LESSON 10 3 Answers vary, but it seems that rivers promoting travel and 1 People wanted to trade. family structures have remained transportation promote high 2 Hippalus sailed directly across the somewhat consistent throughout time population and growth. 2 Early Arabic Sea to India using monsoon according to the criteria set on p. 8. settlements always sprouted up and dry winds to power his boat. 4 the study of the past around rivers for this very reason. 3 Records were important in order to 3 Early empires hugged the shores of maintain travel routes or explore new LESSON 3 the Mediterranean Sea and major lands conquered. 4 Alexander took rivers (Indus, Ganges, Huang He). historians, astronomers, and 1 Answers vary. Possible answer: 4 People living in the Sichuan Basin “steppers” to accurately calculate 2 rubber balls Culture is reflected in have created terraces or flat lands in where they were going or where they artwork, literature, language, order to farm more efficiently. had been. 5 loadstones, astrolabe, inventions, and traditions of people. 5 On the plateau of Tibet, herders gnomon 3 Because culture is reflected in the have adapted their lifestyle to the language, knowing the language bi-products of the yak, an animal 4 LESSON 11 would be helpful. Learning to make that has learned to adapt to the cold, 1 basic tools was the first important rough climate. 6 Answers vary. Prehistory is history before writing 2 accomplishment. The second 7 Answers vary. was developed. Non-written accomplishment was learning how to sources include: fossils, artifacts, oral farm. Once people were able to feed tradition, and tombs or monuments. themselves, other useful trades and LESSON 8 3 A fossil is the remains or imprint skills could be developed. As larger 1 People move because they are unable of a living thing while humans make cities formed, government was created to modify or adapt to their present artifacts. 4 Ruins give us a picture to maintain order. 5 Cultures change environment. 2 There are three types of how life was in the past. 5 Oral with new ideas and inventions, of movement. Cyclical movement tradition is a non-written source of changes in climate, natural disasters, occurs on a regular basis between the history; legends, beliefs, and myths extended contact with people, both same places. Periodic movement passed on by word of mouth for inside and outside existing cities. entails moving to a different place for a generations. 6 Answers vary. period of time, but never staying in Previous knowledge and background LESSON 5 one place permanently. Migration is will affect the point of view. movement from one place never to 7 Historians must evaluate how 1 Trees are cut down for lumber, to return. 3 Diffusion is the spread of accurate the source may be. clear land, for grazing, growing crops, ideas, values, and inventions of one 8 Primary sources are produced 2 or building settlements. Answers culture to another. The yo-yo and the during the same time period as the vary. Possible answers: growth and alphabet are examples of diffusion. event. Secondary sources are 3 industry Deforestation causes 4 Answers vary. 5 Regions are areas produced later. Primary sources are flooding or an actual lack of water having similar characteristics. Regions more accurate because the when forests no longer cover streams can be defined in terms of climate, information about the event was fresh which supply water for living and language, topographic elements, in the recorder’s mind. 9 primary; It farming to towns or cities below. religions, and sports. 6 The world is was created by Ptolemy based on what Deforestation also destroys the divided into regions so geographers was known or believed about the habitat of native animals and plants. can better understand how people world at the time. interact. 7 Boundaries can be natural CALVERT EDUCATION 06COREAKA 3 HISTORY LESSON MANUAL ANSWER KEY LESSONS 1–20 LESSON 13 determine that there are monuments in Western Europe that are older. 1 Artifacts, ruins, bones, and fossils 5 potassium-argon dating, tree-ring make up an archaeological record. dating, written records 6 Answers 2 An archaeologist can learn how vary. 7 Archaeologists used people lived, what they ate, diseases radiocarbon dating and written they had, and even how they died records to learn about Tollund Man. from archaeological records. 3 Archaeological records are formed as time passes and soil covers the site, LESSON 16 eventually sealing beneath layers 1 The tomb was hidden under the of earth. 4 Remains are revealed ancient foundations of worker’s huts. through excavation. 5 Excavation 2 Classic archaeology searches for is the process of digging up remains spectacular (expensive) artifacts from of the past. 6 Stratisgraphy is the the past. 3 Modern archaeologists are study of the remains found in layers interested in “kitchen midden” or of rock. Answers vary. 7 When the more commonplace artifacts or ground is disturbed, older layers may rubbish. 4 Kitchen midden provides be brought closer to the surface. insight into diet, daily activity, 8 Cultural dating is comparing and contact with other cultures. artifacts to others found at that time 5 Detailed notes assure scientist or related to materials of that time. that each object and its placement Examples: coins, pottery 9 Absolute are noted. 6 Answers vary. and relative dating are two types of cultural dating. Absolute dating gives LESSON 18 the piece an age. Relative dating 1 determines only if something is older Cultures make contact to trade 2 or newer than a particular object. goods. Artifacts or written accounts 10 Pottery was very common and are found in lands far from their point 3 changed a great deal over time. The of origin. We think it took over ten 4 age of styles determines its relative age. years to build Stonehenge. Similar problems in different cultures, far from each other, can result in similar LESSON 15 solutions. Cultures adapted each 1 Dendrochronology is tree-ring other’s needs to meet their own needs. counting. Wooden artifacts can be 5 Radiocarbon dating proves that dated with this method as wooden Stonehenge is older by hundreds of patterns or tree ring patterns have years. been pieced together. 2 Pottery is not a living thing and therefore can’t be dated with radiocarbon dating. 3 Living things absorb carbon. When it dies, the radioactive carbon within begins to decay at its own rate. Scientists can determine an age based on the amount of radiocarbon remaining within. Its accuracy can be affected by smoke and pollution. 4 Radiocarbon dating has caused archaeologists to rethink some of their ideas about the past. They used to believe that the pyramids were the oldest stone monuments in the world, but from radiocarbon dating, we can CALVERT EDUCATION 06COREAKA 4 Answer Keys ART HISTORY ANSWER KEY LESSONS 1–20 Art History Lessons 1–20 LESSON 3 LESSON 13 1 In a high relief, the figures are cut 1 It is called a cherub. 2 The halfway out of the background, but Assyrian cherub had five legs so that when a statue in-the-round is made, from the front it appeared that he was the sculptor cuts away the background standing still. From the side it entirely so that the figure stands out appeared that he was running. all by itself. 2 Answers will vary but 3 They used alabaster, a soft white may include: the feet are stepping stone. 4 Most of the reliefs show the directly sideways and the faces are all things they liked to do best—their two turned sideways, but the shoulders are chief sports, which were hunting front view; the eye is the shape of an animals and killing people in battle. eye as seen from the front although 5 It shows the front view of an eye on the relief shows the side view of the the side view of a face. 6 They were figure. 3 Yes, the goddess Isis is a spools with tiny reliefs carved on their relief called low relief, or bas-relief. surfaces. An axle was inserted through 4 The Temple at Abu Simbel is a high a hole in the center of each so it relief and the figures, all of Rameses became a sort of rolling pin that left II, are almost entirely cut away from an imprint when rolled on a flat the background. surface. 7 Most are in the British Museum in London and the Louvre LESSON 8 in Paris. 1 These statues were usually gigantic in size, as tall as a house—colossal. LESSON 18 2 It is the Great Sphinx in Egypt. 1 The statue is Apollo of Tenea. 3 It is a statue of an Egyptian king 2 Athena looks more like a man than named Amenhotep.