Joint Government and Humanitarian Partners’ Revised Humanitarian Requirements Document for South and South­eastern Parts of the Country April 12, 2011 Addis Ababa Table of Content EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................ 4 1. FOOD AND NON-FOOD REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................ 6 1.1 RELIEF FOOD NEEDS ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 TARGETED SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING PROGRAMME ...................................................................................................... 6 1.3 NON-FOOD NEEDS .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.3.1 WATER AND SANITATION (WASH) ................................................................................................................................. 7 1.3.1.1 SECTORAL ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................................. 7 1.3.1.2 RESOURCE REQUIREMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 7 1.3.1.3 COORDINATION ........................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.3.2 AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK ...................................................................................................................................... 9 1.3.2.1 SECTORAL ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................................. 9 1.3.2.2 REQUIREMENTS AND RESPONSE MODALITIES ........................................................................................................... 10 1.3.3 HEALTH AND NUTRITION SECTOR ................................................................................................................................. 13 1.3.3.1 SECTORAL ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................................ 13 1.3.3.2 REQUIREMENT FOR HEALTH AND NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS AND PLANNED RESPONSES .................................... 14 1.3.3.3 COORDINATION ......................................................................................................................................................... 17 ANNEXES ........................................................................................................................................ 19 2 Executive Summary Attributed to the impact of the La Niña episode, poor performance of the 2010 deyr/hagaya rains (October to December), compounded with low availability of water reserves has led to a drought situation in most southern and south‐eastern lowlands of the country. Despite ongoing efforts to tackle the consequences of the developing situation, the findings of recent assessments and monitoring data indicate that shortages of water and pasture, in particular, have become critical in most areas. The situation is likely to be further aggravated by the continued below‐normal rains in the current March to May 2011 main pastoral rainy season. In order to effectively address current and potential emergency and recovery needs in the drought affected areas of the southern and south‐eastern parts of the country, the sectoral needs and associated requirements identified in the 2011 Humanitarian Requirements Document (HRD) for these areas have been updated. According to the revised resource requirements associated with the increasing needs identified, an estimated USD 75,030,109 is required to respond to food and non‐food needs during the months of April and May 2011 as summarized in Table 1 below. Table 1: Summary of Humanitarian Requirement in the lowland drought affected areas in Somali, Oromia and SNNP regions Sector Requirement Additional Available Net indicated in February Requirements resources Requirement 2011 HRD (USD) (USD) (USD) (USD) Relief Food General Ration: 41,107,052* 12,297,625 8,521,800 44,882,877 Gross: 76,292 MT Supplementary 4,018,153* 1,147,898 0 5,166,051 (EOS/TSF) Food Agriculture 3,740,000* 7,062,728 486,370 10,316,358 Waterand Sanitation 4,601,402* 6,015,215 2,274,878 8,341,739 Health and Nutrition 24,927,059** 7,367,191*** 1,044,107 6,323,084 Grand total 75,030,109 * 2011 HRD (January to June) requirement for the three regional states. ** 2011 HRD (January to June) requirement for the all regional states. *** Outstanding requirement in the three drought affected lowland areas. 3 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Adverse impact of the moderate to strong La Niña episode on the seasonal rains, which has resulted in drought conditions, continue to be witnessed expanding to more areas. The poor performance of the 2010 deyr/hagaya rains (October to December) has led to critical water and pasture shortages in the south and south eastern parts of the country. There is a growing threat that the situation may be further exacerbated by continued below‐ normal rains in the current March to May main rainy season as the prevailing La Niña episode is expected to continue through June 2011, according to the National Meteorological Agency (NMA) forecast. The poor performance of the rains, further aggravated by the low availability of water reserves due to lack of adequate catchment capacity, siltation and/or damages to water collection points resulting from flooding during the main rainy season kiremt (June to September) rainy season, has impeded adequate replenishment of surface and groundwater sources resulting in severe water shortage. The growing pasture and water shortage in the drought affected areas compounded by the long distance livestock trek in search of water has led to the deterioration of livestock body condition and subsequent decline in productivity. With the likely progression of the drought, heightened risks of malnutrition and other health problems related to the drought are also anticipated. As part of the response efforts, relief food as well as non‐food interventions such as water tankering; commercial de‐stocking, animal feed supply, and vaccination and treatment of livestock; and measles supplementary immunization campaigns are underway. Despite the ongoing efforts of government and its humanitarian partners (donors, NGOs, UN agencies) towards addressing immediate needs identified in the February 2011 HRD, which substantially contributed to save lives and livelihoods of the affected population, findings of the recent assessments, analysis and interpretation of current monitoring data indicated that shortages of water and animal feed in particular remain critical in most areas. The situation is of particular concern as it is likely to be further aggravated by the continued impact of La Niña episode through belg/gu 2011. The situation, therefore, calls for further enforcement of coordination and increase of preparedness and response by mobilizing additional resources. Taking cognizance of this fact, DRMFSS has activated the Multi Agency Coordination (MAC) forum, which has been the coordinating body at the national level the drought response. Incident command posts have been established in Yabello woreda Borena zone in Oromia Region and Jijiga and Gode zones of Somali Region, comprising DRMFSS, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Water and Energy, and the respective sectoral bureaus to strengthening monitoring and coordination of responses. Following the activation of MAC, respective line ministries were tasked with the preparation of a special response plan for drought affected areas of south and south‐eastern parts of the country by analyzing and reviewing existing monitoring data and reports generated through recent rapid assessments against interventions identified in the February 2011 Humanitarian Requirements Document (HRD) and also by taking into account the NMA’s weather forecast for the upcoming belg 2011. 4 This response plan, therefore, aims to estimate additional sectoral needs and ensure those needs are fully addressed. The plan also guides the government and partners to concentrate their efforts and resources on timely and adequately addressing the identified needs of the affected population in south and south‐eastern parts of the country. 5 1. FOOD AND NON‐FOOD REQUIREMENTS 1.1 Relief Food Needs A total 2,059,191 people in the La Niña induced drought affected lowland areas of Somali, Oromia and SNNP regions face food insecurity requiring assistance, which were initially identified in the 2010 meher seasonal assessment and further updated through subsequent assessments. In response to these, DRMFSS is building preparedness to mitigate the food shortage in these areas. The total quantity required to address these requirements for the two month period from April to May 2011 is 76,292 MT of food, which is estimated to cost USD 53,404,677.Considering the available resources valued USD 8,521,800,the net requirement is USD 44,882,877. Table 2: Total Food Requirement of drought affected