HYPOCORISTICS in ENGLISH and SERBIAN LANGUAGE Doctoral Dissertation

HYPOCORISTICS in ENGLISH and SERBIAN LANGUAGE Doctoral Dissertation

UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE FACULTY OF PHILOLOGY Irena H. Imamović HYPOCORISTICS IN ENGLISH AND SERBIAN LANGUAGE Doctoral Dissertation Belgrade, 2019 УНИВЕРЗИТЕТ У БЕОГРАДУ ФИЛОЛОШКИ ФАКУЛТЕТ Ирена Х. Имамовић ХИПОКОРИСТИЦИ У ЕНГЛЕСКОМ И СРПСКОМ ЈЕЗИКУ Докторска дисертација Београд, 2019 БЕЛГРАДСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ ФИЛОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ФАКУЛЬТЕТ Ирена Х. Имамович ГИПОКОРИСТЫ НА АНГЛИЙСКОМ И СЕРБСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ Докторская диссертация Белград, 2019 Подаци о ментору и члановима комисије Ментор: др Ивана Трбојевић Милошевић, ванредни професор, Уноверзитет у Београду, Филолошки факултет Чланови комисије: Датум одбране: Acknowledgment I feel both thankful and proud for having had the opportunity to study at Faculty of Philology which has granted me quality education as much as memories I will cherish for life. After exactly ten years at this institution, I can say my education has become a sort of tradition, and I suppose these should be celebrated. So, as at any good celebration, I believe I should start thanking those who I feel have marked my life and helped my professional growth. First and foremost, I thank my mentor, Dr Ivana Trbojević-Milošević who has, from the moment we met, showed me that knowledge and skill go well with elegance, politeness and cheerfulness. I appreciate your ability to understand my educational needs without judgment as well as your supportive role and calming attitude which truly made this process much easier. I thank Dr Katarina Rasulić who asked some thought-provoking questions which lead to the change of my attitude and my approach to PhD studies. I also hold deep respect and appreciation for Dr Maja Miličević and Dr Jelena Filipović who both put a lot of effort into working with me and guiding me. Finally, I thank my first English teacher, late Mrs. Marija Đorđević, who taught me old English songs and whose teaching skills I myself use nowadays. All this would not be possible without you, my dearest parents – you – who have been supporting me my entire life. Thank you for being adamant when I lacked determination, and most of all thank you for your everlasting love. To you, I dedicate this song we often listen to at weekends – “Kaži mi, kaži” written by one of our greatest poets Jovan Jovanović Zmaj. Kaži mi, kaži, "snago" Ime da ti dam! Čitav jedan vek, Kako da te zovem Ili ću "lane" Sve su to mila Tražeći lepše, Kaži mi, kakvo Ili "moje blago" Imena i lepa Dičnije i slađe, Ime da ti dam, Hoću li "dušo" Kojima Srbin Milije ime, Hoću li reći: Ili "moje drago" Svome zlatu tepa Što još ne ču svet, "Diko", ili Kaži mi, kakvo Al'' ja bih proveo Da njim nazovem Moj rumeni cvet. Abstract This dissertation studies hypocoristics in English and Serbian language in the form of contrastive analysis from various angles. The focus of the research is based on morphological, pragmatic, lexical and sociolinguistic analysis of 1174 sentences taken from different corpora with a view to answering key questions related to the nature of this linguistic phenomenon as well as some similarities and differences which may exist between the two languages. The dissertation aims to use the quantitative results and interpret them so as to obtain valuable qualitative explanations of why certain speakers, of a particular gender, with a set intention, decides to use a particular hypocoristic work in a particular setting. Therefore, besides analyzing frequency, parts of speech, word formation processes and collocations, the true intention of the research is to understand the correlation between concepts such as age, gender, context, entailment, and the relationship between the speakers/interlocutors. With the aim of comparing and contrasting English and Serbian hypocoristics, we put forth several hypotheses which proved to either confirm or deny the existence of any resemblance in terms of usage and meaning of the hypocoristics selected for this the research in this dissertation. Key words: hypocoristics, contrastive analysis, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, corpus analysis, gender, context, entailment, relationship Scientific field: contrastive linguistics Scientific subfield: sociolinguistics, pragmatics, morphology, lexicology Резиме Ова дисертација проучава хипокористике у енглеском у српском језику кроз контрастивну анализу из различитих углова. Фокус овог истраживања је на морфолошкој, прагматичкој, лексичкој и социолингвистичкој анализи 1174 реченице преузете из различитих корпуса са циљем да пружимо одговоре на кључна питања која се односе на овај лингвистички феномен, као и неке сличности и разлике које могу да постоје између ова два језика. Ова теза има за циљ да објасни кванттативне резултате и тиме пружи квалитативна објашњења зашто се одређени говорници, одређеног пола, са одређеним намерама, одлучују на употребу одређених хипокористика у одређеном контексту. Стога, поред анализе учесталости употребем врсте речи, грађења речи и колокација, главни циљ овог истраживања је разумевање корелације између концепата попут узраста, пола, контекста, намере и везе између говорника и саговорника. Зарад контрастирања енглеских и српских хипокористика, поставили смо неколико хипотеза која су истраживањем или потврдила или негирала постојање икаквих сличности у значењу између хипокористика које смо наменили за истраживање у оквиру ове дисертације. Кључне речи: хипокористици, контрастивна анализа, прагматика, социолингвистика, корпусна лингвистика, пол, контекст, намера, однос Научно поље: контрастивна лингвистика Уже научно поље: социолонгвистика, прагматика, морфологија, лексикологија Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Outline of the Thesis ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 History Review ............................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Definition of the Term .................................................................................................................. 6 1.4 Aims and Methods ........................................................................................................................ 8 2. Serbian Hypocoristics ....................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 11 2.2 The Analysis ............................................................................................................................... 11 2.2.1. Sunce moje (10/10)/ moje sunce (4/1) ................................................................................ 12 2.2.2. Sunašce (21/21) ................................................................................................................... 13 2.2.3. Anđele (234/59) .................................................................................................................. 15 2.2.4. Moj anđeo (15/9) ................................................................................................................. 16 2.2.5. Srećo (44/41) ....................................................................................................................... 17 2.2.6. Dušo (318/273) ................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.7. Bebo (6/3) ........................................................................................................................... 21 2.2.8 Kolačiću (2/1) ...................................................................................................................... 22 2.2.9 Ćerkice (12/12) .................................................................................................................... 22 2.2.10 Ćerkica (21/21) .................................................................................................................. 23 2.2.11 Lepoto (12/10) ................................................................................................................... 24 2.2.12 Kuco (6/4) .......................................................................................................................... 24 2.2.13 Sekice (4/4) ........................................................................................................................ 25 2.2.14 Jabuko (6/6) ....................................................................................................................... 25 2.2.15 Bebice (13/13) .................................................................................................................... 26 2.2.16 Zvezdo (17/5) ..................................................................................................................... 27 2.2.17 Moje zlato (5/3)/ zlato moje (18/18) .................................................................................. 28 2.2.18 Cvetiću (4/3) ...................................................................................................................... 29 2.2.19 Pametnica (6/6) .................................................................................................................. 30 2.2.20 Srculence (6/5) ................................................................................................................... 30 2.3 Serbian Hypocoristics:

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