Plistorioetl Revie^w The State Historical Society of Missouri COLUMBIA, MISSOURI COVER DESCRIPTION: This year, 1985, is im­ portant to the admirers of the noted au­ thor Mark Twain. Born 150 years ago, November 30, 1835, in Florida, Missouri, Twain died, April 21, 1910, in Redding, Connecticut. Special events this year also mark the 100th anniversary of the publi­ cation of his famous work, The Adven­ tures of Huckleberry Finn. The front-cover reproduction is from a 9i/2" x 6i/2" pen and ink sketch by Thomas Hart Benton, located in the State Historical Society's Fine Art Collec­ tion. It illustrates a famous scene for the book, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, published by the Limited Editions Club, New York, 1939. Tom Sawyer has con­ vinced his friends that whitewashing the fence is fun and requires great talent. They took over the job while "the retired artist sat on a barrel in the shade close by." An exhibit of Benton's lithographic illustrations for The Adventures of Huck­ leberry Finn, also published by the Limited Editions Club, is on display through June in the Society's Art Gal­ lery. It is open Monday through Friday from 8:30 A.M. to 4:00 P.M., excepting legal holidays. PARKING FOR SOCIETY PATRONS The University of Missouri-Columbia recently has begun the con­ struction of an addition to Elmer Ellis Library and the State Historical Society. Visitor parking remains in the same block behind the library and the State Historical Society, but it has been moved further south. Patrons still enter the visitor lot off of Hitt Street. The entrance, how­ ever, is now closer to the intersection of Hitt and Rollins streets. The State Historical Society's quarters now must be entered through the Society's north door (facing Lowry Mall) . MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW Published Quarterly by THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI COLUMBIA, MISSOURI RICHARD S. BROWNLEE EDITOR MARY K. DAINS ASSOCIATE EDITOR JAMES W. GOODRICH ASSOCIATE EDITOR Copyright © 1985 by the State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201 The MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW (ISSN 0026-6582) is owned by the State Historical Society of Missouri and is published quarterly at 201 South Eighth,' Columbia, Missouri 65201. Send communications, business and editorial correspondence and change of address to the State Historical Society of Missouri, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, MO. 65201. Second class postage is paid at Columbia, Missouri. VOLUME LXXIX Current REVIEWS are sent to all members of The State NUMBER 3 Historical Society of Missouri during their term of member­ ship. The Society assumes no responsibility for statements made by contributors to the magazine. APRIL, 1985 THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI The State Historical Society of Missouri, heretofore organized under the laws of the State, shall be the trustee of this State—Laws of Missouri, 1899. R. S. of Mo., 1969, chapter 183, as revised 1978. OFFICERS 1983-1986 FRANCIS M. BARNES III, Kirkwood, President MRS. AVIS TUCKER, Warrensburg, First Vice President REVEREND JOHN F. BANNON, St. Louis, Second Vice President SHERIDAN A. LOGAN, St. Joseph, Third Vice President MRS. VIRGINIA YOUNG, Columbia, Fourth Vice President NOBLE E. CUNNINGHAM, Columbia, Fifth Vice President R. KENNETH ELLIOTT, Kansas City, Sixth Vice President ALBERT M. PRICE, Columbia, Treasurer RICHARD S. BROWNLEE, Columbia, Director, Secretary and Librarian TRUSTEES Permanent Trustees, Former Presidents of the Society LEWIS E. ATHERTON, Columbia ELMER ELLIS, Columbia WILLIAM AULL III, Lexington RUSH H. LIMBAUGH, Cape Girardeau WILLIAM R. DENSLOW, Trenton LEO J. ROZIER, Perryville Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1985 JAMES W. BROWN, Harrisonville JOHN K. HULSTON, Springfield ILUS W. DAVIS, Kansas City JAMES C. OLSON, Kansas City ALFRED O. FUERBRINGER, St. Louis MRS. MARY BANKS PARRY, Columbia J. ]. GRAF, HERMANN ARVARH E. STRICKLAND, Columbia Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1986 MRS. SAMUEL A. BURK, Kirksville DOYLE PATTERSON, Kansas City VICTOR A. GIERKE, Louisiana STUART SYMINGTON, JR., St. Louis MRS. JEAN TYREE HAMILTON, Marshall ROBERT WOLPERS, Poplar Bluff W. ROGERS HEWITT, Shelbyville DALTON C. WRIGHT, Lebanon Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1987 ROBERT S. DALE, Carthage WALLACE B. SMITH, Independence GEORGE MCCUE, St. Louis RONALD L. SOMERVILLE, Chillicothe ROBERT C. SMITH, Columbia JOSEPH WEBBER, St. Louis ROBERT M. WHITE, Mexico EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE The twenty-nine Trustees, the President and the Secretary of the Society, the Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, President of the University of Missouri and Chancellor of the University of Missouri-Columbia constitute the Executive Committee. FINANCE COMMITTEE Five members of the Executive Committee appointed by the President, who by virtue of his office constitutes the sixth member, compose the Finance Committee. WILLIAM AULL III, Lexington, Chairman LEWIS E. ATHERTON, Columbia WILLIAM R. DENSLOW, Trenton FRANCIS M. BARNES III, Kirkwood ELMER ELLIS, Columbia LEO J. ROZIER, Perryville THE FLOYD C. SHOEMAKER HISTORY AWARD The State Historical Society of Missouri takes pleasure in announcing the twelfth round of compe­ tition for the Floyd C. Shoemaker History Award, This $300.00 annual award was created by the late Mr. Shoemaker, the long-time secretary of the Society, for the advancement of Missouri history in the univer­ sities, colleges and high schools throughout the state. The annual award alternates every other year be­ tween junior class students in Missouri colleges and universities and senior high school students in Mis­ souri. The 1985 award of $300.00 will be presented for the best article written by a senior high school student. The award will be presented at the 1985 annual meet­ ing of the State Historical Society. Articles nominated for the award must relate to the history of Missouri, either to events or person­ alities. The maximum length of an article is 5,000 words and a bibliography must be included. Each high school must select a panel of judges to nominate its best article by a senior high student. Only one article may be submitted from each high school. Each article will be judged against other nomina­ tions by the Department of History of the University of Missouri-Columbia. Articles submitted for this award will become the property of the State His­ torical Society of Missouri. The prize-winning article will be considered for publication in the MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW. The final date for submission of articles is July 1, 1985. The articles must be sent to the State Historical Society of Missouri, Room 2, Elmer Ellis Library, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201. STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY MEMBERSHIP AND GIFTS Memberships in The State Historical Society of Missouri are available in the following categories: Annual Membership 5.00 Contributing Annual Membership $25.00 Supporting Annual Membership $50.00 Sustaining Annual Membership . .$100.00 to $499.00 Patron Annual xMembership $500.00 or more Life Membership $100.00 Each category of membership is tax deductible. Join thousands of other people whose memberships in The State Historical Society assist in the preservation and advance­ ment of the history of Missouri. Gifts of cash and property to the Society are deductible for federal income, estate and gift tax purposes. Inquiries concerning memberships, gifts or bequests to the Society should be addressed to: Richard S. Brownlee, Director The State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Street Columbia, Missouri 65201 EDITORIAL POLICY The MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW is always inter­ ested in articles and documents relating to the history of Missouri. Articles pertaining to surrounding states and other sections are considered for publication when they involve events or personalities having a significant bearing on the history of Missouri or the West. Any aspect of Mis­ souri history is considered suitable for publication in the REVIEW. Genealogical studies are not accepted because of limited general reader interest. In submitting articles for the REVIEW, the authors should examine back issues for the proper form in foot­ noting. Originality of subject, general interest of the article, sources used in research, interpretation and the style in which it is written, are criteria for acceptance for publica­ tion. The original and a carbon copy of the article should be submitted. It is suggested that the author retain a car­ bon of the article. The copy should be double-spaced and footnotes typed consecutively on separate pages at the end of the article. The maximum length for an article is 7,500 words. All articles accepted for publication in the REVIEW become the property of the State Historical Society and may not be published elsewhere without permission. Only in special circumstances will an article previously pub­ lished in another magazine or journal, be accepted for the REVIEW. Because of the backlog of accepted articles, publica­ tion may be delayed for a period of time. Articles submitted for the REVIEW should be ad­ dressed to: Dr. Richard S. Brownlee, Editor MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW The State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Street Columbia, Missouri 65201 CONTENTS STEREOTYPES AND REALITY: NINETEENTH-CENTURY GERMAN WOMEN IN MISSOURI. By Linda S. Pickle 291 A STORY BEHIND THE STORY OF THE Arkansas AND THE Carondelet. By Mary Emerson Branch . 313 FIGHTING THE GHOSTS AT LONE JACK. By Leslie Anders 332 PAINS OF BIRTH AND ADOLESCENCE: THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AND ITS ROLLA CAMPUS, 1871-1915. By Lawrence O. Christensen 357 HISTORICAL NOTES AND COMMENTS News in Brief 373 Local Historical Societies 378 Gifts 397 Missouri History in Newspapers 401 Missouri Historv in Magazines 407 In Memoriam 414 BOOK REVIEWS 415 BOOK NOTES 419 MISSISSIPPI COUNTY HISTORICAL SOCIETY MUSEUM Inside Back Cover Stereotypes and Reality: Nineteenth-Century German Women In Missouri BY UNDA S. PICKLE* "Good, laborious, submissive, and silent housewives" describes how Timothy Flint saw the German women in southeastern Mis­ souri, along the White Water River, in settlements where he stayed in the second decade of the 1800s.1 This widely held view of German women appeared not only among outsiders, but in the German community itself.