Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program APPENDIX E ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS REPORT Appendix E: Alternatives Analysis Report Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program Document Information Project Name Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program Environmental Evaluation Date July 2014 This Page Intentionally Left Blank July 2014 Santa Clara County Vector Control District Document Information i APPENDIX E Alternatives Appendix E: Alternatives Analysis Report Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program Table of Contents Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1-1 1 Program Background ..................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Program History ................................................................................................................ 1-1 2 Potential Tools ................................................................................................................ 2-1 2.1 Integrated Pest Management ........................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-1 2.1.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Vector Surveillance ........................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-1 2.2.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-2 2.2.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-2 2.3 Physical Control ................................................................................................................ 2-2 2.3.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-2 2.3.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-4 2.3.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-4 2.4 Vegetation Management .................................................................................................. 2-5 2.4.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-5 2.4.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-6 2.4.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-6 2.5 Biological Control Pathogens (Viruses) ............................................................................ 2-7 2.5.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-7 2.5.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-7 2.5.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-7 2.6 Biological Control Pathogens (Bacteria) ........................................................................... 2-7 2.6.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-7 2.6.2 Examples of Tool Use ....................................................................................... 2-9 2.6.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-9 2.7 Biological Control Parasites/Parasitoids ........................................................................... 2-9 2.7.1 Description ........................................................................................................ 2-9 2.7.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-11 2.7.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-12 2.8 Biological Control Predators ........................................................................................... 2-12 2.8.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-12 2.8.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-25 2.8.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-25 2.9 Biological Control Plants ................................................................................................. 2-26 2.9.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-26 2.9.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-26 2.9.3 Application to District IMVMP .......................................................................... 2-27 2.10 Synthetic Insecticides ..................................................................................................... 2-27 2.10.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-27 ii Table of Contents Santa Clara County Vector Control District July 2014 Appendix E: Alternatives Analysis Report Integrated Mosquito and Vector Management Program 2.10.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-27 2.10.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-27 2.11 Natural Insecticides ........................................................................................................ 2-27 2.11.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-27 2.11.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-31 2.11.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-31 2.12 Insect Growth Regulators ............................................................................................... 2-31 2.12.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-31 2.12.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-32 2.12.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-32 2.13 Mineral Oils/Surfactants ................................................................................................. 2-33 2.13.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-33 2.13.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-34 2.13.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-34 2.14 Mass Trapping ................................................................................................................ 2-34 2.14.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-34 2.14.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-38 2.14.3 Applicability to IMVMP .................................................................................... 2-38 2.15 Attract and Kill ................................................................................................................ 2-39 2.15.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-39 2.15.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-42 2.15.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-42 2.16 Inundative Releases ....................................................................................................... 2-43 2.16.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-43 2.16.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-46 2.16.3 Applicability to District IMVMP ........................................................................ 2-46 2.17 Regulatory Control .......................................................................................................... 2-46 2.17.1 Description ...................................................................................................... 2-46 2.17.2 Examples of Tool Use ..................................................................................... 2-46 2.17.3 Applicability to District IMVMP .......................................................................