KEistoricetl Revie^w The State Historical Society of Missouri COLUMBIA, MISSOURI COVER DESCRIPTION: "Quarter twain! Quarter twain! Mark Twain!" was executed by Thomas Hart Benton to illustrate Mark Twain's classic Life on the Mississippi for the 1944 publication by The Limited Editions Club. The 7" x 4%" watercolor and its companion pieces are presently on display in the State Historical Society's Art Gallery. The watercolors were given to the Society by Benton, Missouri's most famous twentieth-century artist. Also on display in the Art Gallery are selected items from the Society's George Caleb Bingham Collection. Bingham was the state's most famous nineteenth-century artist. The Society is open to the public from 8:00 A.M. to 4:30 P.M., Monday through Friday, excepting legal holidays. Patrons may visit the Art Gallery from 8:30 A.M. to 4:00 P.M. PARKING FOR SOCIETY PATRONS The University of Missouri-Columbia recently has begun the con­ struction of an addition to Elmer Ellis Library and the State Historical Society. Visitor parking remains in the same block behind the library and the State Historical Society, but it has been moved further south. Patrons still enter the visitor lot off of Hitt Street. The entrance, how­ ever, is now closer to the intersection of Hitt and Rollins streets. The State Historical Society's quarters now must be entered through the Society's north door (facing Lowry Mall). MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW Published Quarterly by THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI COLUMBIA, MISSOURI JAMES W. GOODRICH ASSOCIATE EDITOR MARY K. DAINS ASSOCIATE EDITOR Copyright © 1985 by the State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201 The MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW (ISSN 0026-6582) is owned by the State Historical Society of Missouri and is published quarterly at 10 South Hitt, Columbia, Missouri 65201. Send communications, business and editorial correspondence and change of address to the State Historical Society of Missouri, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, MO 65201. Second class postage is paid at Columbia, Missouri. VOLUME LXXX Current REVIEWS are sent to all members of The State Historical Society of Missouri during their term of membership. The Society NUMBER 1 assumes no responsibility for statements made by contributors to the magazine. OCTOBER, 1985 THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI The State Historical Society of Missouri, heretofore organized under the laws of the State, shall be the trustee of this State—Laws of Missouri, 1899, R.S. of Mo., 1969, chapter 183, as revised 1978. OFFICERS 1983-1986 FRANCIS M. BARNES III, Kirkwood, President MRS. AVIS TUCKER, Warrensburg, First Vice President REVEREND JOHN F. BANNON, St. Louis, Second Vice President SHERIDAN A. LOGAN, St. Joseph, Third Vice President MRS. VIRGINIA YOUNG, Columbia, Fourth Vice President NOBLE E. CUNNINGHAM, Columbia, Fifth Vice President R. KENNETH ELLIOTT, Kansas City, Sixth Vice President ALBERT M. PRICE, Columbia, Treasurer TRUSTEES Permanent Trustees, Former Presidents of the Society LEWIS E. ATHERTON, Columbia ELMER ELLIS, Columbia WILLIAM AULL III, Lexington RUSH H. LIMBAUGH, Cape Girardeau WILLIAM R. DENSLOW, Trenton LEO J. ROZIER, Perryville Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1985 JAMES W. BROWN, Harrisonville JOHN K. HULSTON, Springfield ILUS W. DAVIS, Kansas City JAMES C. OLSON, Kansas City ALFRED O. FUERBRINGER, St. Louis MRS. MARY BANKS PARRY, Columbia J. J. GRAF, Hermann ARVARH E. STRICKLAND, Columbia Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1986 MRS. SAMUEL A. BURK, Kirksville DOYLE PATTERSON, Kansas City VICTOR A. GIERKE, Louisiana STUART SYMINGTON, JR., St. Louis MRS. JEAN TYREE HAMILTON, Marshall ROBERT WOLPERS, Poplar Bluff W. ROGERS HEWITT, Shelbyville DALTON C. WRIGHT, Lebanon Term Expires at Annual Meeting, 1987 ROBERT S. DALE, Carthage WALLACE B. SMITH, Independence GEORGE MCCUE, St. Louis RONALD L. SOMERVILLE, Chillicothe ROBERT C. SMITH, Columbia JOSEPH WEBBER, St. Louis ROBERT M. WHITE, Mexico EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE The twenty-nine Trustees, the President and the Secretary of the Society, the Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, President of the University of Missouri and Chancellor of the University of Missouri-Columbia constitute the Executive Committee. FINANCE COMMITTEE Five members of the Executive Committee appointed by the President, who by virtue of his office constitutes the sixth member, compose the Finance Committee. WILLIAM AULL III, Lexington, Chairman LEWIS E. ATHERTON, Columbia ELMER ELLIS, Columbia FRANCIS M. BARNES III, Kirkwood LEO J. ROZIER, Perryville JOSEPH WEBBER, St. Louis ©jrtshtra* dtfte The giving of gift memberships in the State Historical Society, which includes a subscription to the MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW, has come to be an established part of Christmas with many members of the Society. The Society invites you to give this distinguished Christmas gift. The gift membership serves a multiple purpose. It extends interest in Missouri's proud history, adds members to the Society, expands the influence of the REVIEW, and provides the recipient with an esteemed magazine rich in facts about Missouri and Missourians, which conveys pleasure throughout the entire year. With each membership which you designate as a Christmas gift, the Society will send a card to the recipient. The card will give your name as the donor of the Christmas gift membership. Please send names and addresses for membership to: THE STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF MISSOURI, 1020 LOWRY STREET, COLUMBIA, MISSOURI 65201, on or before December 1, with enclosed check. Annual membership dues are $5.00; Contributing, $25.00; Supporting, $50.00; Sustaining, $100.00-$499.00; Patron, $500.00 & over; Life memberships, $100.00. THE FLOYD C. SHOEMAKER HISTORY AWARD The State Historical Society of Missouri takes pleasure in announcing the thirteenth round of compe­ tition for the Floyd C. Shoemaker History Award. This $300.00 annual award was created by the late Mr. Shoemaker, the long-time secretary of the Society, for the advancement of Missouri history in the universities, colleges and high schools throughout the state. The annual award alternates every other year be­ tween the junior class students in Missouri colleges and universities and senior high school students. The 1986 award of $300.00 will be presented for the best article written by a fully enrolled junior classman in a Missouri college or university. The award will be presented at the 1986 annual meeting of the Society in Columbia. Articles nominated for the award must relate to the history of Missouri, either to events or personali­ ties. The maximum length of an article is 5,000 words, and a bibliography must be included. Each college or university must select a panel of judges to nominate its best article. Only one article may be submitted from each college or university. Articles may be submitted from each branch of the University of Missouri. Each article will be judged against other nomi­ nations by the Department of History of the Univer­ sity of Missouri-Columbia. Articles submitted for this award will become the property of the State Histori­ cal Society of Missouri. The prize-winning article will be considered for publication in the MISSOURI HIS­ TORICAL REVIEW. The final date for submission of articles is July 1, 1986. They must be sent to the State Historical So­ ciety of Missouri, Room 2, Elmer Ellis Library, 1020 Lowry Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201. EDITORIAL POLICY The MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW is always interested in articles and documents relating to the history of Missouri. Articles pertaining to surrounding states and other sections are considered for publication when they involve events or personalities having a significant bear­ ing on the history of Missouri or the West. Any aspect of Missouri history is considered suitable for publication in the REVIEW. Genealogical studies are not accepted be­ cause of limited general reader interest. In submitting articles for the REVIEW, the authors should examine back issues for the proper form in footnoting. Originality of subject, general interest of the article, sources used in research, interpretation and the style in which it is written, are criteria for acceptance for publication. The original and a carbon copy of the article should be submitted. It is suggested that the author retain a carbon of the article. The copy should be double-spaced and footnotes typed consecutively on separate pages at the end of the article. The maximum length for an article is 7,500 words. All articles accepted for publication in the REVIEW become the property of the State Historical Society and may not be published elsewhere without permission. Only in special circumstances will an article previously published in another magazine or journal, be accepted for the REVIEW. Because of the backlog of accepted articles, publica­ tion may be delayed for a period of time. Articles submitted for the REVIEW should be ad­ dressed to: Dr. James W. Goodrich MISSOURI HISTORICAL REVIEW The State Historical Society of Missouri 1020 Lowry Street Columbia, Missouri 65201 CONTENTS THOMAS HART BENTON'S HUCK FINN ILLUSTRATIONS COMMEMORATE MARK TWAIN. By Mary K. Dains 1 THE A.B. CROSS LUMBER COMPANY, 1858-1871. By George Ehrlich and r E. Schrock 14 GENERAL MOSBY M. PARSONS: MISSOURI SECESSIONIST. By Robert E. Miller 33 FIGHTING FOR DEMOCRACY IN ST. LOUIS: CIVIL RIGHTS DURING WORLD WAR II. By Patricia L. Adams 58 HISTORICAL NOTES AND COMMENTS News in Brief 76 Local Historical Societies 79 Gifts 96 Erratum 100 Missouri History in Newspapers 101 Missouri History in Magazines 107 In Memoriam 115 BOOK REVIEW 116 BOOK NOTES 118 WARREN COUNTY MUSEUM AND HISTORICAL LIBRARY Inside Back Cover vi Benton executed this lithograph of Huck Finn in 1936, from drawings generated for his mural in the Missouri State Capitol. This 215/s" x WA" lithograph was printed in an edition of 100. Thomas Hart Benton's Huck Finn Illustrations Commemorate Mark Twain BY MARY K. DAINS* This year, 1985, marks several important anniversary events in the life of Missouri author Samuel Langhorne Clemens, popularly known as Mark Twain.