Journal of Physics: Conference Series PAPER • OPEN ACCESS Recent citations Description of an 8 MW reference wind turbine - Cyclic flexural test and loading protocol for steel wind turbine tower columns To cite this article: Cian Desmond et al 2016 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 753 092013 Chung-Che Chou et al - Techno-economic system analysis of an offshore energy hub with an outlook on electrofuel applications Christian Thommessen et al View the article online for updates and enhancements. - Evaluating wind turbine power coefficient—An undergraduate experiment Edward W. K. Chan et al This content was downloaded from IP address 170.106.40.139 on 26/09/2021 at 05:57 The Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE 2016) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 753 (2016) 092013 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/753/9/092013 Description of an 8 MW reference wind turbine Cian Desmond1, Jimmy Murphy1, Lindert Blonk2 and Wouter Haans2 1 MaREI, University College Cork, Ireland 2 DNV-GL, Turbine Engineering, Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. An 8 MW wind turbine is described in terms of mass distribution, dimensions, power curve, thrust curve, maximum design load and tower configuration. This turbine has been described as part of the EU FP7 project LEANWIND in order to facilitate research into logistics and naval architecture efficiencies for future offshore wind installations. The design of this 8 MW reference wind turbine has been checked and validated by the design consultancy DNV-GL. This turbine description is intended to bridge the gap between the NREL 5 MW and DTU 10 MW reference turbines and thus contribute to the standardisation of research and development activities in the offshore wind energy industry. 1. Introduction The LEANWIND project is focused on the application of lean principles to the offshore wind energy industry. It is anticipated that up to 14% cost reduction can be achieved by minimising waste and introducing innovative technical solutions to this rapidly developing industry [1]. An integral component of LEANWIND is the design of wind turbine support structures and service vessels for the installation, maintenance and decommissioning of offshore wind farms. In order to progress the project, it was necessary to select a reference wind turbine; data for which would be made available to all members of the consortium. Two viable options were identified, the 5 MW reference wind turbine devised by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) [2] and the 10 MW turbine described by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) [3]. Feedback from the LEANWIND project’s Industry Advisory Group (IAG) and consortium members indicated the need for a wind turbine sized between the NREL and the DTU in order to ensure the commercial relevance of the project at its conclusion in November 2017. To this end, a description of the LEANWIND 8 MW reference turbine (LW) was developed based primarily on published data relating to the Vestas V164 – 8 MW turbine [4]. Where data were not available, they were derived by scaling between the NREL and DTU turbines and by using engineering judgement. The LW turbine design has been validated by DNV-GL, a leading provider of independent wind turbine engineering services, using their internal conceptual turbine design tool Turbine.Architect (TA). TA is the product of over a decade of legacy Garrad Hassan experience in turbine design and comprises a suite of tools that enable accelerated design of turbine components and cost estimation. The tool operates by numerically optimizing a baseline turbine in accordance with engineering design principals and DNV-GL experience to produce a viable turbine design. The results from TA are continuously verified against available industry data to ensure the sub-models and assumptions remain relevant. An overview of the calculation process employed by TA is provided in Figure 1. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd 1 The Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE 2016) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 753 (2016) 092013 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/753/9/092013 Figure 1. Turbine.Architect calculation overview. The description of the LW turbine does not offer the same high level of design detail as published elsewhere for the NREL and DTU turbines. However, the LW description will contribute to the standardisation of research and development activities focused on the short to medium term requirements of the offshore wind energy industry. Details of the LW 8 MW reference turbine are provided in Section 2 and details of the methodologies used to derive these data are given in Section 3. 2 The Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE 2016) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 753 (2016) 092013 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/753/9/092013 2. Turbine Description 2.1 General overview A summary of the main characteristics of the LW reference wind turbine is given in Table 1. For reference, details are also provided for the NREL and DTU turbines. Table 1. Summary of NREL, LW and DTU wind turbine characteristics. Turbine NREL LW DTU Rating 5 MW 8 MW 10 MW Rotor Orientation, Upwind, 3 blades Upwind, 3 blades Upwind, 3 blades Configuration Rotor Diameter 126 m 164 m 178.3 m Hub height 90 m 110 m 119 m Cut-in, Rated, 3 m/s , 11.4 m/s, 4 m/s , 12.5 m/s, 4 m/s , 11.4 m/s, 25 m/s 25 m/s Cut-out wind speed 25 m/s Rotor speed range 6.9 – 12.1 rpm 6.3 - 10.5 rpm 6 – 9.6 rpm Hub mass 56,780kg 90,000 kg 105,520 kg Nacelle mass 240,000 kg 285,000 kg 446,036 kg Blade mass 17,740 kg 35,000 kg 41,716 kg Nacelle dimensions 20 m x 7.5 m x NA1 NA1 7.5 m (L x W x H) Tower Mass 347,460 kg 558,000 kg 605, 000 kg Tower Height 87.6 m 106.3 m 115.6 m Tower top thickness, 20 mm, 3.87 m 22 mm, 5 m 20 mm, 5.5 m diameter Tower bottom thickness, 27 mm, 6 m 36 mm, 7.7 m 38 mm, 8.3 m diameter -0.2 m , 0.0 m Overall Centre of Mass 0 m, 0 m, 77 m NA1 64.0 m Notes: 1 Data not available. 3 The Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE 2016) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 753 (2016) 092013 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/753/9/092013 2.2 Power & thrust curves The power and thrust curves for the LW reference wind turbine are detailed in Figure 2 and Figure 3 respectively. Data are also provided for the NREL and the DTU turbines for reference. Figure 2. Power curves for the NREL, LW and DTU wind turbines. Figure 3. Thrust curves for the NREL, LW and DTU wind turbines. 4 The Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE 2016) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 753 (2016) 092013 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/753/9/092013 Power production and thrust data for the LW 8 MW turbine are also presented in Table 2. Table 2. Summary of the LW 8 MW Power and Thrust Curves. Wind Power Cp Thrust Ct speed [m/s] [kW] [-] [kN] [-] 4 110 0.13 190 0.92 4.5 350 0.3 232 0.88 5 600 0.37 273 0.85 5.5 850 0.39 324 0.83 6 1140 0.41 381 0.82 6.5 1490 0.42 440 0.81 7 1900 0.43 505 0.8 7.5 2370 0.43 573 0.79 8 2900 0.44 648 0.78 8.5 3500 0.44 723 0.77 9 4155 0.44 800 0.76 9.5 4870 0.44 876 0.75 10 5630 0.44 945 0.73 10.5 6420 0.43 1014 0.71 11 7150 0.42 1052 0.67 11.5 7610 0.39 1028 0.6 12 7865 0.35 972 0.52 12.5 7940 0.31 905 0.45 13 7970 0.28 847 0.39 13.5 8000 0.25 801 0.34 14 8000 0.23 765 0.3 14.5 8000 0.2 730 0.27 15 8000 0.18 700 0.24 15.5 8000 0.17 668 0.22 16 8000 0.15 644 0.19 16.5 8000 0.14 624 0.18 17 8000 0.13 604 0.16 17.5 8000 0.12 587 0.15 18 8000 0.11 571 0.14 18.5 8000 0.1 557 0.13 19 8000 0.09 542 0.12 19.5 8000 0.08 528 0.11 20 8000 0.08 516 0.1 20.5 8000 0.07 505 0.09 21 8000 0.07 497 0.09 21.5 8000 0.06 486 0.08 22 8000 0.06 476 0.08 22.5 8000 0.05 472 0.07 23 8000 0.05 461 0.07 23.5 8000 0.05 454 0.06 24 8000 0.04 445 0.06 24.5 8000 0.04 442 0.06 25 8000 0.04 437 0.05 Note: Cp – Power coefficient. Ct – Thrust coefficeint. 5 The Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE 2016) IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 753 (2016) 092013 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/753/9/092013 2.3 Design frequencies The natural frequency of the support structure is an important design consideration as resonances with excitation forces will introduce significant fatigue loading.