Somateria mollissima (Common Eider) European Red List of Birds Supplementary Material The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife International (2015). Contents Reported national population sizes and trends p. 2 Trend maps of reported national population data p. 5 Sources of reported national population data p. 8 Species factsheet bibliography p. 13 Recommended citation BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities. Further information http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlist http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/ Data requests and feedback To request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email [email protected]. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Somateria mollissima (Common Eider) Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (pairs)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Denmark 23,000 3 2011 medium 0 0 1999-2011 good + 100-1000 1980-2011 good DK: Faroe Is 6,000 1 2002 medium ? ? DK: Greenland 50,000-100,000 8 2000-2012 medium + 200-300 2000-2012 medium + 200-300 1980-2012 medium Estonia 2,000-4,000 <1 2008-2012 medium - 50-70 2001-2012 medium 0 0-10 1980-2012 medium Finland 94,000-132,600 13 2006-2012 good - 44-62 2001-2012 good - 41-58 1980-2012 good France 1 <1 2011 good - 80-90 1999-2011 good - 80-90 1985-2011 good Germany 1,000-1,400 <1 2005-2009 good + 11-40 1998-2009 medium 0 0 1985-2009 medium Iceland 300,000 35 1990 good - 10-29 2001-2007 medium + 30-50 1980-1990 poor Rep. Ireland 160 <1 2012 medium + 2000-2012 medium + 1980-2012 medium Italy 3-6 <1 2006-2013 good 0 0 2001-2012 medium + 1999-2012 Netherlands 4,300-5,000 1 2009-2010 good - 37-62 2002-2011 medium - 23-39 1981-2011 medium Norway 150,000 17 2013 good - 0-10 2000-2013 poor F 0 1982-2013 medium NO: Svalbard 20,000-27,500 3 2001-2013 poor ? ? Poland 0-1 <1 2008-2012 medium F 0 1997-2012 medium + 1997-2012 Russia 40,000-50,000 5 2003-2011 good ? ? Sweden 73,000-127,000 12 2008-2012 good - 50-70 2001-2012 good - 40-60 1980-2012 good Switzerland 1-3 <1 2008-2012 medium 0 0 2001-2012 good 0 0 1988-2012 good Ukraine 700-1,100 <1 2000 medium - 10-15 2001-2012 medium - 15-30 1980-2012 medium United Kingdom 27,000 3 2004-2009 medium - 15 1990-2006 good + 35 1970-2006 good EU27 224,000-320,000 31 Decreasing Europe 791,000-955,000 100 Decreasing 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report. 2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors. 4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts. 5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?). 6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Somateria mollissima (Common Eider) Table 2. Reported national wintering population sizes and trends in Europe1. Note that some countries within the species' wintering range did not report any data, and that only minimum totals are presented, to avoid double-counting of birds moving between countries. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (individuals)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Albania 1-9 <1 2002-2012 medium - 20-50 2002-2012 medium ? Belarus 0 <1 2009-2013 good ? - 100 1981-1997 medium Belgium 5-10 <1 2008-2012 good - 2001-2012 good - 95-100 1980-2012 good Bulgaria 0-20 <1 1997-2012 good F 0-200 2000-2012 medium + 0-100 1980-2012 good Denmark 140,000 5 2008 good - 50-100 2000-2011 good - 50-100 1980-2011 good DK: Faroe Is 5,000-15,000 <1 1992 medium ? ? DK: Greenland 1,000,000-1,500,000 40 2000-2012 medium + 10-50 2000-2012 poor + 10-50 1980-2012 poor Estonia 10-50 <1 2008-2012 medium - 20-50 2001-2012 medium - 50-70 1980-2012 medium France 410-1,700 <1 2009-2012 medium ? - 71 1980-2012 medium Germany 320,000 10 2000-2005 good - 11-100 1997-2009 medium - 21-100 1980-2005 medium Iceland 566,072-1,127,396 26 2006-2008 good - 33 2000-2014 0 0 1980-2014 Rep. Ireland 470 <1 2006-2011 medium + 448 1999-2011 good ? Italy 98-171 <1 2007-2009 good F 0-40 2000-2009 good F 0-35 1991-2009 good Netherlands 58,853-83,885 2 2006-2010 good - 31-56 2000-2011 medium - 28-56 1981-2011 medium Norway 250,000-500,000 12 1994-2003 medium - 0-10 2000-2012 ? Poland 600-6,000 <1 2011-2012 medium F 0 2005-2012 good ? Russia 19,500-19,520 1 2003 good - 10-20 1996-2006 poor + 100-110 1977-2005 good Serbia 0 <1 2008-2012 medium ? ? Slovenia 0-1 <1 2008-2012 medium 0 0 2001-2012 medium - 0-100 1980-2012 medium Spain 1 <1 2008-2010 medium F 0 2000-2010 good F 0 1980-2010 good Sweden 55,000-80,000 2 2008-2012 good 0 0 2001-2012 medium + 400 1980-2012 medium Switzerland 30-55 <1 2008-2012 good - 40-50 2001-2012 medium - 70-80 1980-2012 good Turkey 5-20 <1 2002-2012 poor ? ? Ukraine 100-300 <1 1998-2009 medium - 10-15 1998-2009 medium - 25-30 1980-2009 medium United Kingdom 63,000 2 2004-2008 medium - 11 1999-2010 medium - 28 1980-2010 medium EU27 638,000-695,000 22 Decreasing Europe 2,480,000-3,860,000 100 Decreasing THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Somateria mollissima (Common Eider) Table 2. Reported national wintering population sizes and trends in Europe1. Note that some countries within the species' wintering range did not report any data, and that only minimum totals are presented, to avoid double-counting of birds moving between countries. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (individuals)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report. 2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors. 4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts. 5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?). 6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Trend maps A symbol appears in each country where the species occurs: the shape and colour of the symbol represent the population trend in that country, and the size of the symbol corresponds to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country. KEY Ç Large increase (≥50%) È Large decrease (≥50%) Ç Moderate increase (20–49%) È Moderate decrease (20–49%) Ç Small increase (<20%) È Small decrease (<20%) ñ Increase of unknown magnitude ò Decrease of unknown magnitude å Stable or fluctuating 0 Unknown ¢ Present (no population or trend data) Ð Extinct since 1980 Each symbol, with the exception of Present and Extinct, may occur in up to three different size classes, corresponding to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country.