Public Disclosure Authorized Meghalaya Integrated Transport Project (MITP) Funded by the World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental and Social Management Framework Public Disclosure Authorized Meghalaya Infrastructure Development & Public Works Department Finance Corporation Ltd (MIDFC) Government of Meghalaya Government of Meghalaya Lachumiere, Shillong – 793001 Nongrim Hills, Shillong-793003, Meghalaya Meghalaya Public Disclosure Authorized First Draft : 16.01.2020 Revised on : June 2020 Meghalaya Integrated Transport Project (MITP) Funded by the World Bank Environmental and Social Management Framework Meghalaya Infrastructure Development & Public Works Department Finance Corporation Ltd (MIDFC) Government of Meghalaya Government of Meghalaya Lachumiere, Shillong – 793001 Nongrim Hills, Shillong-793003, Meghalaya Meghalaya Contents ABBREVIATION ........................................................................................................................................................... 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................... 2 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 19 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT............................................................................................................................... 19 1.2 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE ........................................................................................................................ 19 1.3 PROJECT COMPONENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 20 1.4 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL CATEGORIZATION OF MITP ............................................................................................. 21 1.5 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE ESMF ................................................................................................................. 21 1.6 METHODOLOGY OF ESMF DEVELOPMENT ................................................................................................................ 22 CHAPTER 2: BASELINE ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................................. 23 ENVIRONMENTAL AND CLIMATE ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................ 23 2.1 PHYSICAL FEATURES ............................................................................................................................................. 23 2.1.1 Landscape, Topography and Geology ........................................................................................................ 23 2.1.2 Seasons and Rainfall .................................................................................................................................. 24 2.1.3 Temperature .............................................................................................................................................. 25 2.1.4 Land ........................................................................................................................................................... 26 2.1.5 Soil.............................................................................................................................................................. 27 Soil and Drainage Property ...................................................................................................................................... 27 2.2 FORESTS............................................................................................................................................................. 27 2.2.1 Protected Areas .......................................................................................................................................... 28 2.2.2 Biodiversity ................................................................................................................................................. 28 2.2.3 Important Bird Areas ................................................................................................................................. 29 2.2.4 Elephant Corridor ....................................................................................................................................... 31 2.2.5 Endangered and Threatened Species ......................................................................................................... 33 2.2.6 Protected Archaeological and Historic Sites .............................................................................................. 33 2.2.7 Sacred Groves ............................................................................................................................................ 34 2.3 WATER RESOURCES .............................................................................................................................................. 34 2.4 ECOLOGICAL PROFILE OF THE PROJECT AREA ............................................................................................................. 35 2.5 VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE ...................................................................................................................... 36 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................................................................... 37 2.6 DEMOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................................................................... 37 2.11 TRIBES OF MEGHALAYA ......................................................................................................................................... 37 2.7 RELIGION ........................................................................................................................................................... 38 2.8 LITERACY LEVEL ................................................................................................................................................... 38 2.9 HEALTH ............................................................................................................................................................. 39 2.10 LIVELIHOOD: ....................................................................................................................................................... 39 2.11 LAND MANAGEMENT IN MEGHALAYA ...................................................................................................................... 40 2.12 STATUS OF WOMEN ............................................................................................................................................. 40 2.12.1 Gender work participation rate ................................................................................................................. 41 2.12.2 Gender differentiated work........................................................................................................................ 41 CHAPTER 3: APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS..................................................................... 42 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS .............................................................................................................. 42 3.2 SOCIAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS ............................................................................................................................ 46 3.2.1 Applicable Labour Laws ............................................................................................................................. 48 3.2.2 RFCTLAR&R Act 2013 ................................................................................................................................. 49 3.3 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICIES ........................................................................................................................ 56 3.3.1 World Bank Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines ....................................................................... 59 CHAPTER 4: ESMF APPLICATION, GUIDELINES AND POTENTIAL IMPACTS ........................................................... 61 4.1 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ................................................................... 61 4.2 APPLICATION OF ESMF ........................................................................................................................................ 61 4.2.1 Revision/Modification of the ESMF ............................................................................................................ 61 4.3 KEY CONTENTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ............................................................................. 62 4.4 PROCESS FLOW OF IMPACT IDENTIFICATION .............................................................................................................. 63 4.5 NEGATIVE LIST AND SCREENING .............................................................................................................................. 63 4.6 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SCREENING ................................................................................................................ 64 4.7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT