GLOSSARY OF CHARACTERS AND TERMS MATEUSZ FAFINSKI Abel Brosings Cain, son Legendary tribe of dwarves who were of Adam and Eve. Slain by his brother, supposed to make a necklace for A biblical figure; brother of goddess Freya (1201) Ælfheresee Genesis 4:1–16. (108) Cain A kinsman of Wiglaf; ælf- (elf) and Abel, son of Adam and Eve. Killed his brother AbelA biblical figure; brother of Æscherehere (army). (2604) A follower and warrior of Hrothgar; Dæghræfn, see Genesis 4:1–16. (107) aesc- (ash or spear) and here (army) A warrior of the Hugas; dæg (day) æþeling(1323) (Dene)and hrefnDanes (raven) (2508) A prince, a man of royal blood, A people inhabiting what is now Southern Scandinavia, including Beanstana hero (3) The father of Breca; (perh.) from modern Denmark and Scania (242) Bright­Danes (426) East­Danes (828) Icelandic bauni­ (shark) or OE bēan North­Danes (783) (bean?) (524) Beow Spear-DanesRing­Danes (1281) (1) Danish king, the son of Scyld South­Danes (1998) (18) Beowulf Eadgils West­Danes (383) Son of Ohthere, brother of Eanmund, prince of Sweden; ead (wealth) and BrecaThe hero of the poem (343) A friend of Beowulf, chieftain of the Brondings; (perh.) from brecan Eanmundgisel (hostage) (2393) Son of Ohthere, brother of Eadgils Brondings(rush, storm) (583) A tribe; (perh.) from brond (sword) Earnanæs(2614) or Old Norse brandr (prow) (521) (Eagles’) promontory in the land of the Getas (3033) 186 MaTeusz FaFinski Ecglaf Frisians Father of Unferth; ecg (sword) and laf A people living in what is now the northern coast of the Netherlands and Ecgtheow,(remnant) Ecgtheow (498) Father of Beowulf from the tribe GarmundGermany (2913) of Wæmundings; ecg (sword) and Father of Offa; gar (spear) and mund Eofer,theow Iofor (servant) (263) Geats(protection) (1965) A Geat warrior, killed Ongentheow; A people in what is now southern Sweden (195) Eomereofor (boar) (2483) Son of Offa, king of the Angles; eoh Battle­Geats (1540) Hreðlingas (2961) Weder-GeatsSea­Geats (1853) (225) Eormanric(horse) and mære (famous) (1960) Weather­Geats (2381) King of the East Goths; eormen (immense) and rice (powerful) Gifthas Windloving, the (2706) Finn(1203) A people, possibly to be identified Son of Folcwalda, Hnæf’s brother in Grendelwith the Gepids (2495) law, king of the Frisians (1095) A being killed by Beowulf (102) Fitela Guðlaf Nephew of Sigmund (878) Folcwalda HærethA Danish warrior (1147) Father of Finn The father of Hygd (1088) Franks Hæthcyn (1932) A prince of the Geats; heathu (war) associated with Lower and Middle Rhine.A collective They termare attacked for tribes by first Hygelac ; (perh.) (spear-men), cf. franca (spear) Halga(2434) (1212) A prince of the Danes, the younger brother of Hrothgar; derived from hal Freawaru The daughter of Hrothgar; waru Hama(hale, uninjured) (61) A warrior who stole the Brosings Friesland(watchful care) (2026) necklace (1200) Land of the Frisians (2358) 187 glOssary OF characTers and TerMs Healfdene Hetware A king of the Danes, son of Beow (57) A people, part of the Franks, inhabiting probably the Lower Heardred A king of the Geats, son of Hygelac (2195) Higelac,Rhine Hygelac(2364) A king of the Geats, sometimes Heatho-Bards A people, enemies of the Danes; Franks according heatho- (war) and beard (beard) identified as Chlochilaicus, a king (2070) fighting with the Hildeburhto Gregory of Tours (434) Heatho-Raemas Finn, king of the A people, living in what is now Frisians; hild (battle) and burg The queen of southern Norway (518) Heaþolaf Hnæf,(a fortified Hnaef place) (1070) A warrior of the Wylfings A chief of the Danes, son of Hoc and brother to Hildeburh Hemming (459) A kinsman of Offa and Eomer Hoc (1068) The father of Hildeburh and Hnæf (1944) Hengest (1075) A retainer of Hnaef, after Hnaef’s death leader of the Danes in the Hondscio battle of Finnsburgh; hengest (horse) A warrior of the Geats, a follower of Beowulf (2079) (1082) Heorogar Hrethel, Hreþel, Hreðel A king of the Danes, brother of A king of the Geats, father of Hygelac Hrothgar and son of Healfdene; heoro (sword) or here (army) and gar Hrethricand grandfather of Beowulf (374) A son of Hrothgar, brother of (spear) (61) Herebeald Hrothmund; hreth (glory) (1191) A prince of the Geats; here (army) Hrothgar A king of the Danes, Heorot is his hall Heorot,and beald Heort (bold) (2434) The hall of Hrothgar, king of the Danes Hrothmund(61) A son of Hrothgar, brother of ; heorot (stag) (78) Heremod Hrethric (1191) A king of the Danes; here (army) and mod (courage) (900) 188 MaTeusz FaFinski Hrothulf Ravenswood A son of Halga Hrunting (1016) ScyldA forest in Sweden (2926) The sword of Unferth; hrindan (to The founder of the Scyldings Hugaspush, to thrust) (1459) Scyldings,dynasty Shieldings(4) A people, part of the Franks (2505) Descendants of Scyld, but also generally Danes Hygd People-Scyldings (1017) Higelac; gehygd (53) (thought, deliberation) (1929) The queen of War-ScyldingsHonor­Scyldings (1107) (Ar­Scyldings)(1713) Merovingian, the Victory­Scyldings (596) The king of the Franks (2922) Sigmund Modthryth A son of Wæls, uncle of Fitela Offa; her name is Waelsing (876) actually a manuscript emendation and Swedes (874) The queen of A people, inhabiting the central part Næglingcould be also read as Thryth (1934) The sword of Beowulf Unferthof what is today Sweden (2472) A follower of Hrothgar, (2681) Offa son of Ecglaf A king of the Angles, husband of Modthryth (1951) Wægmund (498) The forefather of Wæmundings Ohthere, Ohtere A son of Ongentheow; oht (pursuit) Wæls(2815) The father of Sigmund Onelaand here (army) (2381) A king of the Swedes, son of Wæmundings (896) Ongentheow The family of Beowulf, Weohstan and Wiglaf Ongentheow, Ongenðeow, (2618) Ongenthio A king of the Swedes, father of Wealtheow (2611) Ohthere and Onela (1971) Hrothgar; (perh.) wealh Oslaf The queen of A warrior of the Danes (foreign) and theow (captive) (611) (1147) 189 glOssary OF characTers and TerMs Weland WendelsThe famous smith of the gods (454) A people, perhaps inhabitants of what is now Uppland in Sweden and northern Jutland; perhaps to be Wiglafidentified with the Vandals (348) A kinsman of Beowulf, member of the Wæmundings, son of Wiglaf Wihstan, Weohstan (2606) The father of Wiglaf Wonred (2606) A warrior of the Geats, father of Wulf and Eofer (2971) Wulf A warrior of the Geats, and a son of Wonred Wulfgar (2966) A member of the court of Hrothgar Wylfings,(348) Wilfingas A people, living probably on the wyrdsouthern coast of the Baltic sea (471) Fate, destiny (1235) .