STAGE 1 AND 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE GLEN ABBEY GOLF CLUB PART LOTS OF 17, 18, 19 AND 20, CONCESSION 2 SDS, GEOGRAPHIC TOWNSHIP OF TRAFALGAR, FORMER HALTON COUNTY, TOWN OF OAKVILLE, REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF HALTON, ONTARIO ORGINAL REPORT Prepared for: Clublink Corporation ULC and Clublink Holdings Limited 15675 Dufferin Street King City, ON L7B 1K5 T 905-841-5360 Archaeological Licence #P046 (Clish) Ministry of Tourism, Culture and Sport PIF# P046-0144-2016 ASI File: 16TS-004 14 October, 2016 Archaeological & Cultural ASI H e r i t a g e S e r v i c e s 528 Bathurst Street Toronto, ONTARIO M5S 2P9 416-966-1069 F 416-966-9723 asiheritage.ca STAGE 1 AND 2 ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE GLEN ABBEY GOLF CLUB PART LOTS OF 17, 18, 19 AND 20, CONCESSION 2 SOUTH OF DUNDAS STREET, GEOGRAPHIC TOWNSHIP OF TRAFALGAR , FORMER HALTON COUNTY, TOWN OF OAKVILLE, REGIONAL MUNICIPALITY OF HALTON, ONTARIO EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ASI was retained by ClubLink Corporation ULC and ClubLink Holdings Limited to undertake a Stage 1 and 2 archaeological assessment of the Glen Abbey Golf Club, part of Lots 17, 18, 19 and 20, Concession 2 SDS, Geographic Township of Trafalgar, Halton County, now in the Town of Oakville, Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario. The subject property is presently an 18-hole golf course encompassing approximately 92.72 hectares. The Stage 1 background assessment entailed consideration of the proximity of previously registered archaeological sites, the original environmental setting of the property, along with nineteenth and twentieth-century settlement trends and archival research. Based on this research, it was determined that a small portion of the property retained potential for the presence of both Aboriginal and Euro-Canadian archaeological resources. The majority of the subject property was identified as heavily disturbed due to twentieth century golf course construction techniques. The Stage 2 field assessment was conducted on June 27-28 and August 5, 2016 by means of a test pit survey initiated at five metre intervals and increased to 10 metre intervals when disturbance was observed. Despite careful scrutiny, no archaeological resources were encountered during the course of the survey. It is recommended that no further archaeological assessment of the property be required. ASI Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment of the Glen Abbey Golf Club Town of Oakville, R.M. of Halton, ON Page ii PROJECT PERSONNEL Project Manager: Beverly Garner, Hons. BA Senior Archaeologist & Manager, Stage 1 and 2 Projects, Planning Division Project Director: Andrew Clish, BES (P046) Senior Archaeologist & Geomatics Specialist Project Administrator: Jennifer Ley, Hons. BA (R376) Staff Archaeologist & Assistant Manager, Stage 1 and 2 Projects, Planning Division Field Directors: Ronald Williamson, PhD (P352) - Stage 1 Chief Archaeologist & Managing Partner Robb Bhardwaj, MA (P449) - Stage 2 Field Archaeologists: Ella Boswell Alexander Boyle Lauren Vince, Hons, BA Archival Research: Colin McFarquhar, PhD Project Historian Report Preparation: Deborah Pihl, BA (R130) Staff Archaeologist Jennifer Ley Graphics: Jonas Fernandez, MSc (R281) Staff Archaeologist & Geomatics Specialist Report Reviewers: Beverly Garner Sara Cherubin, MSc (P223) Senior Archaeologist & Assistant Manager, Stage 3 and 4 Pre-Contact Projects, Planning Division ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Ms. Meggan Gardner, Curator of the Canadian Golf Hall of Fame and Museum, for allowing staff to review archival information and providing copies of construction slides for our report. Mr. Andrew Gybra, Glen Abbey Golf Club Superintendant, for assistance with the field survey and providing information regarding buried infrastructure. ASI Stage 1 and 2 Archaeological Assessment of the Glen Abbey Golf Club Town of Oakville, R.M. of Halton, ON Page iii TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................................... i PROJECT PERSONNEL ...................................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................................................... ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................................................... iii 1.0 PROJECT CONTEXT ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Development Context ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Historical Context ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 Aboriginal Land Use ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 Euro-Canadian Land Use: Township Survey and Settlement ......................................................... 3 1.2.3 Euro-Canadian Land Use: Lots 17, 18, 19, and 20, Concession 2 SDS............................................ 4 1.2.4 Review of Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Mapping ................................................................ 8 1.2.5 Review of Archival Photography .................................................................................................. 9 1.2.6 Review of Historical Archaeological Potential ............................................................................. 10 1.3 Archaeological Context ................................................................................................................. 11 1.3.1 Registered Archaeological Sites ................................................................................................. 11 1.3.2 Previous Assessments ............................................................................................................... 13 1.3.3 Physiography ............................................................................................................................ 13 1.3.4 Review of Pre-contact Archaeological Potential .......................................................................... 14 1.3.5 Existing Conditions .................................................................................................................... 15 2.0 FIELD METHODS ................................................................................................................................ 15 2.1 Stage 1 Field Review ..................................................................................................................... 15 2.2 Stage 2 Test Pit Survey ................................................................................................................. 16 3.0 RECORD OF FINDS ............................................................................................................................. 18 4.0 ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................................... 18 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 18 6.0 ADVICE ON COMPLIANCE WITH LEGISLATION ..................................................................................... 19 7.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND WORKS CITED .................................................................................................... 19 8.0 IMAGES ........................................................................................................................................... 24 9.0 MAPS .............................................................................................................................................. 33 List of Tables Table 1: Ownership and Settlement Features on the 1858 Tremaine Map of the County of Halton ..................... 9 Table 2: Ownership and Settlement Features on the 1877 Illustrated Historical Atlas of the County of Halton ... 9 Table 3: Registered Sites within a 1 km Radius of the Subject Property ........................................................... 11 Table 4: Outline of Southern Ontario Prehistory .............................................................................................12 List of Plates Plate 1: Aerial view of golf course, October 1974. ........................................................................................... 24 Plate 2: Grading near building site, October 1974. ......................................................................................... 24 Plate 3: Grading near former stable building, October 1974. .......................................................................... 25 Plate 4: Club house construction and grading, October 1974. ........................................................................ 25 Plate 5: Grading and excavation within floodplain, October 1974. .................................................................. 25 Plate 6: Grading and excavation connecting water feature to creek, October 1974. ........................................ 25 Plate 7: Installation of irrigation pipe within levelled floodplain, October 1974. ............................................. 25 Plate 8: Earthmoving on uplands, October 1974. 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