Consulting Services for Public Disclosure Authorized SUPPORT TO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE DRINA RIVER BASIN PROJECT ID NO. 1099991 DRINA RIVER BASIN ROOF REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized December 2017 Public Disclosure Authorized Consulting Services for SUPPORT TO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE DRINA RIVER BASIN PROJECT ID NO. 1099991 DRINA RIVER BASIN ROOF REPORT FINAL December 2017 PROJECT NO. A038803 DOCUMENT NO. 1 VERSION C DATE OF ISSUE December 2017 PREPARED JV COWI-Stucky-JCI team as in Inception Report CHECKED Nadja Zeleznik, REC APPROVED Roar Selmer Solland, COWI Consulting Services for SUPPORT TO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE DRINA RIVER BASIN PROJECT ID NO. 1099991 This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Western Balkans Joint Fund under the Western Balkans Investment Framework. The views expressed herein are those of authors and can therefore in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the Contributors to the European Western Balkans Joint Fund or the EBRD and the EIB, as co‐managers of the European Western Balkans Joint Fund. World Bank Drina River Basin - Roof Report Support to Water Resources Management in the Drina River Basin i Table of Contents Page No Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................. viii 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ...................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Bosnia and Herzegovina .......................................................................................................... 2 1.1.2 Montenegro ............................................................................................................................. 2 1.1.3 Republic of Serbia .................................................................................................................... 2 1.1.4 Other Reports .......................................................................................................................... 2 2 The Drina River Basin ................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Natural setting ................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1.1 Geographic, topographic and geologic characterisation ......................................................... 4 2.1.2 Climate ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1.3 The Drina River and its main tributaries .................................................................................. 7 2.1.4 Groundwater in the DRB.......................................................................................................... 8 2.1.5 Biodiversity and Protected areas ............................................................................................. 9 2.1.6 Expected climate change impacts ......................................................................................... 14 2.2 Socio-economic characteristics ..................................................................................................... 17 2.2.1 Natural resources .................................................................................................................. 17 2.2.2 Demography .......................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.3 Cultural heritage and monuments ........................................................................................ 19 2.3 Proposed development scenarios ................................................................................................. 20 2.3.1 Republic of Serbia .................................................................................................................. 25 2.3.2 Montenegro ........................................................................................................................... 28 2.3.3 Bosnia and Herzegovina ........................................................................................................ 30 2.3.4 Proposed integral development scenario for Drina River Basin............................................ 32 3 Water management ................................................................................................................................... 35 3.1 Protection against adverse water effects ...................................................................................... 35 3.1.1 Flood control .......................................................................................................................... 35 3.1.2 Droughts ................................................................................................................................ 37 3.2 Use of water .................................................................................................................................. 38 3.2.1 Hydropower ........................................................................................................................... 38 3.2.2 Irrigation ................................................................................................................................ 40 3.2.3 Potable water ........................................................................................................................ 40 3.2.4 Industrial uses ........................................................................................................................ 41 3.2.5 Recreation .............................................................................................................................. 41 World Bank Drina River Basin - Roof Report Support to Water Resources Management in the Drina River Basin ii 3.2.6 Aquifers .................................................................................................................................. 41 3.3 Protection of water ....................................................................................................................... 42 3.3.1 Sediment management ......................................................................................................... 42 3.3.2 Environmental flow ............................................................................................................... 42 3.3.3 Water quality ......................................................................................................................... 44 3.3.4 Flora and fauna management ............................................................................................... 50 3.4 Monitoring ..................................................................................................................................... 55 3.4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 55 3.4.2 Results presented in IWRM Country Reports ........................................................................ 55 3.4.3 Results presented in IPF Country Reports ............................................................................. 55 3.4.4 Proposed new monitoring stations ....................................................................................... 56 3.4.5 Conclusions related to monitoring ........................................................................................ 56 4 Specific issues ............................................................................................................................................. 58 4.1 Coherence of development scenarios ........................................................................................... 58 4.2 Transboundary issues .................................................................................................................... 58 4.2.1 Status, challenges and obstacles ........................................................................................... 58 4.2.2 Solutions ................................................................................................................................ 60 4.3 Legislation in the Field of Concessions .......................................................................................... 61 4.4 Possible financing sources for the implementation of measures and recommendations ............ 66 4.5 Links to other related projects ...................................................................................................... 67 4.6 Information to stakeholders .......................................................................................................... 68 5 Conclusions and recommendations ........................................................................................................... 70 5.1 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................... 70 5.2 Recommendations......................................................................................................................... 71 6 List