RISK & RESILIENCE MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK for PHILIPPINE HERITAGE SITES & STRUCTURES Grace C. Ramos EnP 328 Carmen Bettina S. Bulaong, co-author https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-24530042 https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/07/27/19/look-quake-damage-in-batanes http://www.juliabroad.com/2013-2015/2014/2/27/pampanga-december-2013-1 https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/disasters/typhoon-yolanda/44932-yolanda-haiyan-tagle-palo-leyte Title • Body https://philnews.ph/2018/05/10/philippine-historical- landmarks-vandalized-rotten-forgotten/ https://www.goodnewspilipinas.com/5-historical-buildings-you-need-to-see-in-escolta/ GCRamos 2017 CHALLENGE AT HAND How can risk and resilience management principles be organized into a design and management framework for the protection and sustained viability of Philippine heritage sites and structures? 1. What design and management issues beset different categories of Philippine heritage sites and structures? In search Risk 2. What types of risks that pose threats to Philippine heritage of a Management sites and structures? framework Principles 3. What are the general features of Philippine heritage sites and structures that make them pre-disposed to risks? Heritage Risk 4. What are the key risk management principles that underlie Profile Resilience the long-term survival of sites and structures? and Risks to Philippine 5. What are the factors that account for resilience of sites and structures? Philippine Heritage Heritage 6. What are the relationships between and among the risk and resilience variables and the features of Philippine heritage sites and structures? Manila, Angono, METHODOLOGY Iloilo, Zamboanga CASES •Systems Theory DESIGN & •Social construction MANAGEMENT of Risk PRINCIPLES •People-space dialectics •R= HEV H • Hyogo EXISTING RESILIENCE E • Sendai FRAMEWORKS THEORIES • Climate V Change Act • 100 Resilient Cities 6 CASE SITES City of Manila Municipality of Angono City of Iloilo City of Zamboanga CITY OF MANILA Classification First Class City Land Area 4,045.80 has. Population 1,581,082 persons https://news.mb.com.ph/2019/01/19/feast-of-san-sebastian-to- be-celebrated-in-high-mass-today/ http://wikimapia.org/6219916/University-of- Population Density 41,282/ sq.km. Santo-Tomas#/photo/3419166 Barangays 897 Registered Heritage 482 Structures/Sites Risks Flooding, liquefaction, ground shaking Fire due to old structures and informal settlements ; Urbanization effects Average Income 374,313 https://www.payscale.com/research/PH/Location=Iloilo-City/Salary 194,455 CLUP 8 MANILA HERITAGE MAP MANILA HERITAGE ON RISK MAPS MANILA HERITAGE SITES MANILA CATHEDRAL MANILA CITY HALL SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH SAN SEBASTIAN UST MAIN BLDG. MUNICIPALITY OF ANGONO Classification First Class Municipality Land Area 2,300 has. Population 102,407 http://www.baldtrekker.com/2017/03/10/the-angono-binangonan-petroglyphs/ Population Growth Rate 1.78% Population Density 60/ ha. Barangays 10 http://angono.gov.ph Registered Heritage 9 Structures/Sites http://whatsup.ph/rizal-travel-guide-art- capital-philippines-and-other-parts-of-rizal/ Risks Flooding, Landslides, Drought; Urbanization Spillover effects Average Income (Rizal) 246,286 NSO https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-23wOGqBLUEw/WV46- bfIQQI/AAAAAAAACnI/FSPSzZrDYKcaHolc7nD7iJ_QxmcWd- HbwCLcBGAs/s1600/Francisco%2B0%2Blead.jp ANGONO HERITAGE MAP ANGONO HERITAGE ON RISK MAPS ANGONO HERITAGE SITES PETROGLYPHS CARLOS FRANCISCO HOUSE ST. CLEMENT CHURC CITY OF ILOILO Classification First Class City https://www.scoopnest.com/user/inqui rerdotnet/608285218089279488-flags- adorn-the-restored-old-iloilo- provincial-capitol-where-the-june-12- Land Area 73.34 sq.km vin-d39honneur-will-be-held Population 461,841 Population Growth Rate 1.02% www.hiveminer.com Population Density 5,836/sq.km https://www.panaynews.net/isis-to-disrupt- jaro-fiesta-fake-news-pro-6/ Barangays 180 https://iloilo-travel- Registered Heritage 228 guide.blogspot.com/2012/01/st-annes- church-in-molo.html Structures/Sites Risks Flooding, liquefaction, ground shaking https://www.choosephilippines.com/do/histor y-and-culture/3951/historical-sites-iloilo/ Urbanization effects Average Income 202,324 https://www.payscale.com/research/PH/Location=Iloilo- City/Salary 16 ILOILO HERITAGE MAP ILOILO HERITAGE ON RISK MAPS ILOILO HERITAGE SITES CASA REAL JARO CATHEDRAL MOLO CHURCH OLD CITY HALL OLD JARO MUN. HALL CITY OF ZAMBOANGA Classification First Class City Land Area 1,453.27 sq.km https://zamboanga.com/z/index.p Population 861,799 hp?title=File:Fort_pilar_2012.jpg Population Growth 2.38% Rate https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamboanga_City#/m http://www.bucor.gov.ph/facilities/srppf.html edia/File:ZAMBOANGA_CITY_Asia's_Latin_City Population Density 593/ sq.km _City_Hall_and_Plaza_Rizal_(Ayunamiento_y_Pl aza_Rizal).jpg Barangays 98 Registered Heritage 18 https://www.beautifulmosque.com/Taluks Structures/Sites angay-Mosque-in-Barangay-Philippines Risks Armed Conflicts Flooding, Storm Surge Urbanization effects https://blog.edukasyon.ph/college-life/the- students-guide-to-the-western-mindanao- Average Income 186,212 state-university-college-entrance-test- wmsucet/ https://www.payscale.com/research/PH/Location=Iloilo- City/Salary http://www.bucor.gov.ph/facilities/srppf.html ZAMBOANGA HERITAGE MAP ZAMBOANGA HERITAGE ON RISK MAPS ZAMBOANGA HERITAGE SITES FORT PILAR SAN RAMON PRISON TALUKSANGKAY MOSQUE WMSU NORMAL SCHOOL CITY HALL DISASTER RISKS CITY/ MUNICIPALITY NATURAL HUMAN-INDUCED MANILA ANGONO ILOILO 2019 Traffic, Sea Port Activities Blue Alert due to Semana Santa ZAMBOANGA Drowning Fire Neighborhood Fire Neighborhood Fire Earthquake Intensity V earthquake Tropical Depression Tropical Depression “Chedeng” Water Pollution Informal Settlers and Building Dead fish from low level of Encroachment on Manila Bay dissolved oxygen 2018 Flooding Tropical Cyclone. Tropical Storm Detection of Flood Risk Areas. Tropical Storm “Vinta”. Heavy Landslides “Karding”. Typhoon “Ompong”. Evacuation, and damage to private Rains property. Water Pollution Manila Bay Overflows, leaves garbage. Earthquake “Blue Alert” from series of quakes PHIVOLCS explains trend in killer Tsunami earthquakes Fire Neighborhood Fire with casualties 2017 Flooding Tropical Depression “Maring” Inclement weather by habagat Tropical Depression Vinta. Landslide Evacuation in caution from landlslides 2016 Fire, Feast of the Black Nazarene Health and Life Safety due to Processional Walk crowding, Children getting lost Vehicular accidents, Drowning Holy Week with high volume traffic to provinces and places of worship Fire Trips to beaches/resorts Violence National and local elections , Protest Rallies Shooting, Bomb/grenade explosion, Fire/conflagaration, Commotion/Violence Incident/Harassment/Threat incident Tornado Tornado causes heavy damages 2015 Landslides, Typhoon Undas. Typhoon “Koppu” Typhoon Hanna Flooding 2014 Landslides Typhoon “Hagupit”/ “Ruby” Tropical Depression “Agaton” Typhoon Flooding Typhoon Luis 2013 Flooding, Storm Surge, Torrential rain brings waist-deep floods Typhoon Yolanda and strong winds Armed Conflict Shooting, Bomb explosion, Fires Oil Spill 800,000 liters of oil leak 2012 Flooding Rains cause dams to overflow Landslide Heavy rain and earthquakes cause landslides 2011 Flooding Typhoon “Nesat” DISASTER RISKS CITY/ MUNICIPALITY NATURAL HUMAN-INDUCED ILOILO 2019 Traffic, Sea Port Activities MANILA ANGONOBlue Alert due to Semana Santa ZAMBOANGA Drowning Fire Neighborhood Fire Neighborhood Fire Earthquake Intensity V earthquake Tropical Depression Tropical Depression “Chedeng” Water Pollution Informal Settlers and Building Dead fish from low level of Encroachment on Manila Bay dissolved oxygen 2018 Flooding Tropical Cyclone. Tropical Storm Detection of Flood Risk Areas. Tropical Storm “Vinta”. Heavy Landslides “Karding”. Typhoon “Ompong”. Evacuation, and damage to private Rains property. Water Pollution Manila Bay Overflows, leaves garbage. Earthquake “Blue Alert” from series of quakes PHIVOLCS explains trend in killer Tsunami earthquakes Fire Neighborhood Fire with casualties 2017 Flooding Tropical Depression “Maring” Inclement weather by habagat Tropical Depression Vinta. Landslide Evacuation in caution from landlslides 2016 Fire, Feast of the Black Nazarene Health and Life Safety due to Processional Walk crowding, Children getting lost Vehicular accidents, Drowning Holy Week with high volume traffic to provinces and places of worship Fire Trips to beaches/resorts Violence National and local elections , Protest Rallies Shooting, Bomb/grenade explosion, Fire/conflagaration, Commotion/Violence Incident/Harassment/Threat incident Tornado Tornado causes heavy damages 2015 Landslides, Typhoon Undas. Typhoon “Koppu” Typhoon Hanna Flooding 2014 Landslides Typhoon “Hagupit”/ “Ruby” Tropical Depression “Agaton” Typhoon Flooding Typhoon Luis 2013 Flooding, Storm Surge, Torrential rain brings waist-deep floods Typhoon Yolanda and strong winds Armed Conflict Shooting, Bomb explosion, Fires Oil Spill 800,000 liters of oil leak 2012 Flooding Rains cause dams to overflow Landslide Heavy rain and earthquakes cause landslides 2011 Flooding Typhoon “Nesat” DISASTER RISKS CITY/ MUNICIPALITY NATURAL HUMAN-INDUCED MANILA ANGONO ILOILO 2019 Traffic, Sea Port Activities Blue Alert due to Semana Santa ZAMBOANGA Drowning Fire Neighborhood Fire Neighborhood Fire Earthquake Intensity V earthquake Tropical Depression Tropical Depression “Chedeng” Water Pollution Informal Settlers and Building Dead fish from low level of Encroachment on Manila Bay dissolved oxygen 2018 Flooding