OPERATIONS EVALUATION Protracted Relief and Recovery Operation 200735 Measuring results, sharing lessons sharing Measuring results, Response to food security and nutrition needs of population affected by natural disasters, and resilience building of food insecure communities in south-western, southern and south-eastern regions of Madagascar: mid-term evaluation of WFP Operations (January 2015 – June 2017) Evaluation Report January 2017 Evaluation team: Pierre Leguéné, Team Leader; Claire Ficini, Nutrition Expert; Holy Raharinjanahary, Rural Development Expert Evaluation Manager: Anne Bichard Commissioned by the WFP Office of Evaluation Report number: OEV/2016/009 Report number: OEV/20XX/XXX Acknowledgements The evaluation team would like to warmly thank all the persons who have contributed to the organization of this evaluation, in particular the WFP partners, beneficiaries and other stakeholders who have accepted to meet with the team and answer our questions. The team would particularly like to thank the WFP country office that has dedicated a great amount of time and energy in a particular moment due to the response to an emergency in the south of Madagascar, for the organization and the implementation of the evaluation. Disclaimer The opinions expressed are those of the Evaluation Team, and do not necessarily reflect those of the World Food Programme. Responsibility for the opinions expressed in this report rests solely with the authors. Publication of this document does not imply endorsement by WFP of the opinions expressed. The designation employed and the presentation of material in the maps do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WFP concerning the legal or constitutional status of any country, territory or sea area, or concerning the delimitation of frontiers. Evaluation management Evaluation Manager: Anne Bichard, Iram Evaluation focal point: Miranda Sende, OEV Operations Evaluation Project Manager: Elise Benoit, WFP TABLE OF CONTENTS Operational Fact Sheet .................................................................................................... i Executive Summary ..................................................................................................... xiv 1 Introduction ..................................................................................... 1 1.1 Evaluation Features .................................................................... 1 1.2 Country Context .......................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Geography, economy and political context ................................................. 2 1.2.2 Climate change and disasters ...................................................................... 3 1.2.3 Food Security and Livelihoods .................................................................... 4 1.2.4 Nutrition and health .................................................................................... 5 1.2.5 Gender .......................................................................................................... 6 1.2.6 International assistance ............................................................................... 6 1.2.7 WFP interventions ....................................................................................... 7 1.3 Operation Overview .................................................................... 7 2 Evaluation Findings ........................................................................ 10 2.1 Appropriateness of the Operation ............................................. 10 2.1.1 Relevance to needs ..................................................................................... 10 2.1.2 Coherence with WFP policies .................................................................... 15 2.1.3 Coherence with national policies ............................................................... 17 2.1.4 Coherence with other interventions .......................................................... 18 2.2 Results of the Operation ........................................................... 19 2.2.1 Capacity building in Disaster Risk Management ...................................... 20 2.2.2 Treatment of Moderate Acute Malnutrition ............................................. 21 2.2.3 Prevention of malnutrition ........................................................................ 23 2.2.4 Response to emergencies (SO 1) ................................................................ 25 2.2.5 Building resilience ..................................................................................... 28 2.2.6 Cross-cutting issues ................................................................................... 29 2.3 Factors Affecting the Results .................................................... 31 2.3.1 Internal factors .......................................................................................... 31 2.3.2 External factors: Evolution of the food security and nutritional situation ................................................................................................................ 34 3 Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................... 37 3.1 Overall Assessment ................................................................... 37 3.2 Key Lessons for the future ........................................................ 39 3.3 Recommendations ................................................................... 40 Annexes Annex 1: Terms of Reference for the evaluation .......................................................... 45 Annex 2: Evaluation matrix ......................................................................................... 62 Annex 3: List of sites selected for field visits ............................................................... 71 Annex 4: Literature ...................................................................................................... 73 Annex 5: List of persons met ........................................................................................ 77 Annex 6: Evaluation mission schedule ....................................................................... 80 Annex 7: Maps: distribution of malnutrition in Madagascar ...................................... 83 Annex 8: Scaling up nutrition activities ...................................................................... 84 Annex 9: Map of food insecurity .................................................................................. 85 Annex 10 : List of Acronyms ........................................................................................ 86 List of tables Table 1: Planned beneficiaries for each activity ............................................................. 9 Table 2: Recurrent shocks in Madagascar cited in CFSAM surveys ........................... 14 Table 3: Total beneficiaries assisted and food and cash distributed ........................... 19 Table 4: Planned and actual figures for beneficiaries reached and food distributed for Nutrition treatment ............................................................................. 21 Table 5: Outcome indicators for MAM treatment ....................................................... 22 Table 6: Planned and actual beneficiaries reached and food distributed: Nutrition prevention (BSFP) ........................................................................................ 23 Table 7: Outcome indicators for MAM Prevention...................................................... 24 Table 8: Beneficiaries reached and food and cash distributed through GFD and FFA activities ......................................................................................................... 26 Table 9: Assets created/rehabilitated through SO1 and SO3 ...................................... 26 Table 10: Outcome indicators for response to emergencies and resilience building .. 27 Table 11: Evaluation synthesis matrix .......................................................................... 39 List of figures Figure 1: Contribution received vs. needed .................................................................. iii Figure 2: Operation’s donors ........................................................................................ iii Figure 3: % of planned beneficiaries by component..................................................... iv Figure 4: % of actual beneficiaries by component (2015) ............................................ iv Figure 5: % of actual beneficiaries by component (2016 January to October) ............ iv Figure 6: Planned and actual beneficiaries by component (2015) ................................ v Figure 7: Planned and actual beneficiaries by component (2016 January to October) ............................................................................................. v Figure 8: % of women/girls versus men/boys by component, planned and actual (2015) ............................................................................................................ v Figure 9: Nutrition planned and actual beneficiaries by type of beneficiaries (2015) vi Figure 10: Nutrition planned and actual beneficiaries by type of beneficiaries (2016 January to October) ............................................................................................ vi Figure 11: Planned vs. actual food distributed by component (2015) ......................... vii Figure 12 : Planned vs. actual food distributed by component (2016 January to October)