Department of Education Science 5 Modes of Reproduction in Flowering and Non-Flowering Plants Second Quarter - Module 5 Divina Gracia P. Gagala Writer Ma. Helen P. Eyas Validator Abigail M. De Lios Reynante H. Espeleta Armida S. Oblinada Quality Assurance Team Schools Division Office – Muntinlupa City Student Center for Life Skills Bldg., Centennial Ave., Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City (02) 8805-9935 / (02) 8805-9940 This Supplementary Learning Module (SleM) focuses on the modes of reproduction in flowering and non-flowering plants. It provides you self-learning activities that will further develop your understanding on the lesson. Most Essential Learning Competencies: Week 5: Describe the different modes of reproduction in flowering and non- flowering plants such as moss, fern, mongo, and others (S5LT-llg-7) 1. Describe the mode of reproduction of a fern & moss. 2. Describe the mode of reproduction of a mongo & corn kernel 3. Experiment on seed germination (mongo/corn) Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. 1. What do you call the reproduction of plants where the male and female parts of the flowers of the plants are involved? A. asexual C. pollination B. budding D. sexual 2. When is fertilization happens in plants? A. One sperm cell unites with the egg cell from the ovule to form a fertilized egg B. Two sperm cells unite with an egg cell from the ovule to form a fertilized egg C. One sperm cell unites with two egg cells from the ovule to form a fertilized egg D. Two sperm cells unite with an two egg cells from the ovule to form a fertilized egg 3. What type of pollination happens when the pollen grains from the anther are transferred to the stigma of a flower that belongs to the same plant? A. across- pollination C. cross- pollination B. auto- pollination D. self- pollination 4. Which part of the flower become the seed? A. ovum and anther C. ovum and ovule B. ovum and ovary D. ovum and style 5. What happens during cross- pollination? A. The pollen grains transfer from the anther to the stigma of the same plant’s flower. B. The pollen grains transfer from the anther to the stigma of another plant of the different kind 2 C. The pollen grains transfer from the anther to the stigma of a flower that belongs to another plant but of the same kind. D. None of the above 6. You observed that the ovary of a wilted flower is becoming bigger. What does this show? A. The ovary is going to drop. B. The ovary is going to break. C. A seed is developing inside the ovary. D. More ovules are being produced in the ovary. 7. Which is TRUE about asexual reproduction? A. Only plants use asexual reproduction. B. All organisms are asexual reproduction. C. There is only one parent involved in asexual reproduction. D. There are at least two parents involved in asexual reproduction. 8. Which is the tiny part of a seed that can grow can grow into a new plant? A. Embryo C. Ovule B. Ovary D. Pistil 9. Which of the following sentences does NOT describe the mongo seed? A. It has two cotyledons. B. It develops true leaves C. It has only one cotyledon. D. Germination begins when they absorb water. 10. Which of the following sentences best describes fern plant? A. Ferns reproduce by the spores. B. Ferns come from different spores. C. Ferns grow flowers and have seeds. D. Ferns grow mostly in sunny places. Directions: Encircle the letter of the best answer. 1. Which of the following best describes the importance of flowers to plants? A. They become fruits. B. They protect the ovules. C. They make the plants attractive. D. They aid in the plant’s reproduction by enticing outside pollinators. 2. Which of the following parts of the flowers are needed in reproduction? A. petals and sepals C. stamen and pistil B. pistil and petal D. stamen and sepal 3. How do flowering plants like rose and gumamela reproduce? A. asexually C. both sexually and asexually B. sexually D. Nether sexually nor asexually 4. Which of the following sentences does NOT describe the process of sexual reproduction in plants? A. Reproduction is done with the stems, roots, or leaves of the plants. 3 B. Fertilization happens and the ovules grow into seeds within the fruit. C. The transfer of the male gametes to the female ovules is called pollination. D. Sexual reproduction in plants involves the production of male and female gametes. 5. Which of the following group of plants are NOT considered as examples of asexual reproduction? A. Ginger, onion, garlic C. Banana, bamboo, turmeric B. Camote, carrot, potatoes D. Avocado, papaya, mango tree Reproduction in plants varies in Flowering and non-flowering plants. Flowering plants produce flowers and bear seeds to reproduce their kinds. Non- flowering plants do not produce flowers but use seed or tiny structures in some plants that can be used to reproduced called spores. Non-Flowering Plants Ferns have leaves, roots, and stems but do not have seeds and flowers. Water and food can travel to all parts of these plants. Ferns grow best in warm, shady places where the soil is damp and fertile. Their leaves are popularly known as fronds. On the underside of each frond, dark cases called sori (Figure 2) are found. Sori contains many tiny spores. These are usually blown away by the wind when they mature. When this happens, reproduction occurs. Figure 1 Fern The developing fern leaves are usually curled at the top and resemble the curved head of a violin. Because of their appearance, these developing leaves are called fiddleheads (Figure 3). As these fiddleheads mature, they uncurl until they reach their maximum size. Figure 2 Sori Dreamstime.com Figure 3. Fiddleheads 4 Mosses are very small, soft, green plants that grow close together like a carpet on the ground, on rocks, or trees. It is popularly known as “lumot” in tagalog. Mosses grow from spores. Just like the ferns, mosses produce spore cases. But these spore cases grow at the top of a moss plant. When the spore cases burst open, some spores fall to the ground. Other spores may be blown by the wind. If the spores fall in a moist, fertile place, new mosses may grow. Flowering Plants Figure 4. Mosses Most flowering plants reproduce sexually through the process of pollination. It can be possible when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell. Pollination occurs when pollen grains drop on the stigma, they produce a tubelike structure called pollen tube. The pollen tube extends down the style and into the ovary. When the pollen tube reaches the ovules, sperm cell releases and fertilization takes place. A successful fertilization happens when the ovary swollen and the petals of the flowers wilted and dry, then seeds are produced. The most common type of pollination takes place when the pollen grains in the anther of one flower is transferred to the stigma of another flower in the same plant or of a flower in another plant of the same kind. This is called cross- pollination. Although it seldom happen, the pollen grains from the anther of a flower can transfer to the stigma of that same flower. This is called self- pollination. Parts of the Seed The hilum shows where the seed is attached to the ovary. The seed coat is the outer covering of the seed. Inside the seed is the embryo or young plant. The cotyledon, serves as the nourishing part of the seed. It provides nutrients needed by a young plant until leaves are developed and able to make their food. Mongo or mung bean is an example of a seed with two cotyledons. Seed with two cotyledons are called dicotyledons or dicot. Figure 5 A corn seed has only one cotyledon. A seed with only one cotelydon is called a monocotyledon or monocot. Activity 1: Watch Me Baby Materials: 10-15 pieces of mongo seeds, a small container or can, paper tissue, a small amount of water Procedures: 1. Arrange the paper tissue in an empty can or small container. 2. Arrange the mongo seeds in the container 3. Add a small amount of water. 5 4. Observe what happened to the seeds for seven days. Describe the growth of the plant each day. 5. Record your observation in your notebook following the format below. Day Date Observation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Guide Questions: 1. Describe the seeds before soaking them. 2. What have you observed on the seeds after two days? after three days? after four days? 3. Where do the seeds get their food? Activity 2: Describe Me Grow! Procedures: 1. Study the cycle of fern below. 2. Describe how each stage has developed into another fern. 3. Answer the guide questions below. Figure 6. The Life Cycle of a Fern 6 Guide Questions: 1. What part of the fern helps them to reproduce? 2. What mode of reproduction does it show, sexual or asexual? Why do you say? Activity 3: Arrange Me Procedures: 1. Arrange the sequence of the following pictures as to how the seeds are formed by writing numbers 1-6. 2. Answer the guide questions below. Guide Questions: 1. What kind of pollination took place in the activity? 2. Which number in the activity does the new plant grow? 3. Explain how fertilization takes place in the flower? Some plants reproduce without seeds. Sexual reproduction happens in spore-bearing plants such as mosses and ferns. In mosses, the leafy plants produce two branches, male and female.