Food and Drink War and Peace

N AT I O N A L M U S E U M O f T h E A M E R I C A N INDIAN S U M M E R 2 0 1 8 FooD AND DrINk hEALThy EATINg ANd SOvEREIgNTy ThE PERSISTENCE Of ChIChA +WAr AND PeAce hUMbLE hERO Of d-dAy NAvAjO TREATy Of 1868 JOIN TODAY FOR ONLY $25 – DON’T MISS ANOTHER ISSUE! N AT I O N A L M U S E U M o f t h e A M E RI CAN INDIAN FA L L 2 0 1 0 DARK WATERS THE FORMIDABLE ART OF MICHAEL BELMORE EXPLAINING ANDEAN DESIGN THE REMARKABLE LARANCE FAMILY SPECIAL ISSUE ............................... DECEMBER INDIANS ON THE POST ART OFFICE MARKETS WALLS +A NEW VANTAGE POINT ON CONTEMPORARY ARTISTS JOIN TODAY AND LET THE MUSEUM COME TO YOU! BECOME A MEMBER OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN FOR JUST $25 AND YOU’LL RECEIVE: • 20% discount on all books purchased from the NMAI web site • 10% discount on all purchases from the Mitsitam Café and all NMAI and Smithsonian Museum Stores • FREE 1 year subscription to our exclusive, full-color quarterly publication, American Indian magazine • Permanent Listing on NMAI’s electronic • Preferred Entry to the NMAI Mall Member and Donor Scroll Museum at peak visitor times <a href="/goto?url=http://www.AmericanIndian.si.edu" target="_blank">Join online at www.AmericanIndian.si.edu or call toll free at 800-242-NMAI (6624) or simply </a>mail your check for $25 to NMAI, Member Services PO Box 23473, Washington DC 20026-3473 Contents SUMMER 2018 VOL. 19 NO. 2 18 10 ON THE COVER N AT I O N A L M U S E U M O F T H E A M E R I C A N Traditional food and drink continue to sustain Indigenous identity and cultural (and political) survival. This richly carved Inka qero (wooden drinking cup) shows a mule team hauling house beams to the highlands as a Native woman offers a drink of chicha to the mule drivers. INDIAN S U M M E R 2 0 1 8 Colonial Inka ceremonial drinking cup. AD 1550- 1800. Near Cusco (Cuzco); Peru. Wood, paint, tree pitch/gum. Carved, painted, aboriginally repaired. Collection history unknown; purchased by MAI or its agent from an unknown source in Hamburg, Germany, in 1929 using funds donated by Mrs. George (Thea) Heye. FOOD AND DRINK HEALTHY EATING AND SOVEREIGNTY THE PERSISTENCE OF CHICHA +9.1" x 22.4". 16/6132. This item is currently on view at NMAI – N.Y. WARAND PEACE HUMBLE HERO OF D-DAY NAVAJO TREATY OF 1868 2 AMERICAN INDIAN SUMMER 2018 10 THE PERSISTENCE OF CHICHA From dank chicherias in small towns to gourmet big-city restaurants catering to tourists, the traditional fermented-corn beverage chicha is still being drunk throughout the Andes. It is no longer the medium of reciprocity that oiled pre-colonial social bonds, but it is still a standard for Indigenous identity. 18 FOOD SOVEREIGNTY Traditional agriculture and cuisine are integral to tribal culture. Recovery of these roots is also preserving the well-being and identity of many Indian peoples. 24 THE OLD PAPER: THE NAVAJO TREATY OF 1868 Naal Tsoos Saní, the “Old Paper” in the language of the Diné, is the Treaty of 1868 that ended the Navajo peoples’ forced relocation to the Bosque Redondo. Although it is the legal foundation of the modern Navajo Nation, its limits on traditional Diné sovereignty are still intensely debated. The 20-page document, recently displayed in the exhibit Nation to Nation: Treaties Between the United States and American Indian Nations at the Museum on the National Mall, is moving to the Navajo Nation Museum in Window Rock, Ariz., for the 150th anniversary of its signing. 32 MEDIC AT D-DAY: THE HUMBLE HEROISM OF CHARLES SHAY For more than 60 years, Charles Shay (Penobscot) couldn’t talk about his horrific experiences on Omaha Beach during the largest seaborne invasion in history. Now he performs a smudging ceremony at the annual D-Day observances in Normandy, France, in honor of the 175 American Indians who landed that day. The French have dedicated a park overlooking the beach, in his, and their, honor. 24 40 INSDE NMAI: EVENING AT THE MUSEUM An after-hours party at the Museum on the National Mall drew a lively crowd to view The Americans exhibit behind the scenes, to enjoy food and drink and generally to enjoy themselves. 42 EXHIBITIONS AND EVENTS CALENDAR 32 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 3 DIRECTOR’S LETTER ............................. LIVING OUR TREATIES mong the many visitors we welcome at the Museum – and we hope to see a great many of you Athis summer, from families and students to tribal delegations – some bring us profound reflections on our current situation. One such group came recently from the Navajo Nation. To support the ongoing conversation sur- rounding the exhibition Nation to Nation: Treaties Between the United States and Ameri- can Indian Nations, we have made a practice of opening our collections facilities and exhibition cases to assist Native communities in explaining how treaties remain central to daily life today. We rely on many supporters to present original treaty documents at the Museum, including tribal leaders, exhibition project donors and our steadfast partner here in Washington, D.C., the National Archives and Records Administration. It was my privilege to host leaders of the Navajo Nation and many others at the Museum this February for an event honoring the 150th anniversary of the Navajo Treaty of 1868. By placing the treaty on display in the gallery, along with a weaving and loom made by Juanita, the wife of Navajo leader Manu- LEFT TO RIGHT: Navajo Nation President Russell Begaye, Director Kevin Gover, Navajo Nation Vice President Jonathan Nez, and Darren Pete, director, Office of Congressional and Legislative Affairs–Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, in the Nation to Nation gallery. More than 100 citizens of the Navajo Nation convened at the Museum to take part in the installation of the Naal Tsoos Saní, or Navajo Treaty of 1868 on Feb. 20, 2018. elito in the late 1800s – an equally significant approved by the U.S. Senate) from 1777 to The fundamental tenets of early treaty mak- symbol of diplomacy – we engage visitors 1868 enshrine promises our government made ing – the recognition of tribal governments and with the living history of these objects. By the to Indian Nations. But they also recognize Indian consent – are alive and well…at least time you read this, the treaty will be on its tribes as nations – a fact that distinguishes trib- for the moment. The future is untold, and ul- way to, or housed within, the Navajo Nation al citizens from other Americans, and supports timately the gains of Native Nations in modern Museum in Arizona, the first time it has been contemporary Native assertions of sovereignty times are set in fragile beads rather than carved on display there. <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">and self-determination. </li><li style="flex:1">in stone . Y e t there is optimism in Indian Country </li></ul>We realize our mission to the fullest Far from being dusty documents of dubious that Americans will come to better understand through such exchanges with tribal com- relevance, treaties are legally binding and still their shared history with Indian Nations and munities and the public. I have written much in effect. Repeatedly recognized by the courts that, as a result, they will join Native people in about the topic of treaties and treaty making, as sources of rights for Indian people and their celebrating and upholding the rights enshrined and I would like to share the following excerpt Indian Nations, treaties carry the weight of the in treaties. from my foreword to the Nation to Nation past and test the strength of our nation’s com- catalogue that asks (and answers) the ques- mitment to honesty, good faith and the rule of for treaty installations within the Nation to tion, “Why treaties?” law. Promises between the leaders of nations, Nation gallery or the exhibition-related cata- Treaties rest at the heart of Native American treaties inscribe solemn vows that cannot lightly logue, blog posts or symposia webcasts, visit To learn more about the 2018-19 schedule history as well as contemporary tribal life and be broken or ignored – a verity that Supreme AmericanIndian.si.edu. Xidentity. The approximately 368 treaties that Court Justice Hugo Black recognized in 1960 were negotiated and signed by U.S. commis- when he declared, “Great nations, like great sioners and tribal leaders (and subsequently men, should keep their word . ” Kevin Gover (Pawnee) is the director of the National Museum of the American Indian – Smithsonian. 4 AMERICAN INDIAN SUMMER 2018 Be Part of a Historic Moment Native Americans have participated in every major U.S. military encounter from the Revolutionary War through today’s conflicts in the Middle East, yet they remain unrecognized by any prominent landmark in our nation’s capital. The Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian will create that landmark: the National Native American Veterans Memorial. The anticipated dedication of this tribute to Native heroes will be on Veterans Day 2020. “We invite you to participate in this historic moment— for our country, for veterans, and for the Native American communities whose loyalty and passion have helped make America what it is today.” —Kevin Gover, Director National Museum of the American Indian CREDITS The National Museum of the American Indian is depending on your support to honor and recognize these Native American veterans for future generations. Left | Native American Women Warriors lead the grand entry during a powwow in Pueblo, Colorado, June 14, 2014. From left: Sergeant First Class Mitchelene BigMan (Apsáalooke [Crow]/Hidatsa), Sergeant Lisa Marshall (Cheyenne River Sioux), Specialist Krissy Quinones (Apsáalooke [Crow]), and Captain Calley Cloud (Apsáalooke [Crow]), with Tia Cyrus (Apsáalooke [Crow]) behind them. Photo by Nicole Tung. Learn more AmericanIndian.si.edu/NNAVM Above | War bonnets adorn uniform jackets at a Ton-Kon-Gah (Kiowa Black Leggings Society) ceremonial near Anadarko, Oklahoma, 2006. NMAI Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 5 NMAI SEMINARS & SYMPOSIA PROGRAM ARCHIVE DIRECTOR AND PUBLISHER: Kevin Gover (Pawnee) ADMINISTRATIVE COORDINATOR AND ADVERTISING SALES: David Saunders EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: T a nya Thrasher (Cherokee) ART DIRECTION AND PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT: David Beyer (Cree) Perceptible Inc. MANAGING EDITOR: James Ring Adams CALENDAR EDITOR: Shawn Termin (Lakota) National Museum of the American Indian magazine (ISSN 1528-0640, USPS 019-246) is published quarterly by the Smithsonian’s National Museum of the American Indian (NMAI), 4th Street and Independence Ave SW, MRC 590 P.O. Box 37012, Washington, D.C., 20013-7012. Periodical postage paid at Washington, D.C., and at additional offices. National Museum of the American Indian magazine is a benefit of NMAI Membership and constitutes $6 of an individual’s annual membership. Basic annual membership begins at $25. Reprinting Articles: Articles may be reprinted in whole or in part at no charge for educational, non-commercial and non-profit purposes, provided the following details for the respective article are credited: “National Museum of the American Indian, issue date [such as “Winter 2005”], title of the article, author of the article, page numbers and © 2018 Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of the American Indian.” Questions regarding permission to reprint and requests to use photos should be directed to the NMAI’s Office of Publications at (202) 633-6827 or [email protected]. George and Thea Heye with Wey-hu-si-wa (Governor of Zuni Pueblo) and Lorenzo Chavez (Zuni) in front of the Museum of the American Indian in 1923. N08130. More than 50 webcasts spanning 10 years – and counting! Letters to the Editor are welcome and may be mailed to NMAI, Attn. Editor, Office of Publications, Box 23473, Washington, D.C. 20026, by e-mail at [email protected], or faxed to (202) 633-6898. Learn more about the Museum’s intellectual home for the investigation, discussion and understanding of issues regarding Native communities in the Western Hemisphere and Hawai‘i. Back issues of National Museum of the American Indian are $5 per copy (shipping and handling included), subject to availability. To order, please call (800) 242-NMAI (6624) or send an e-mail to [email protected]. Member Services: To join or renew your existing membership, or to submit a change of address, please call (800) <a href="/goto?url=http://www.AmericanIndian.si.edu/give" target="_blank">242-NMAI (6624), visit www.AmericanIndian.si.edu/give </a>or send an e-mail to [email protected]. Visit nmai.si.edu/connect/symposia/archive Email: [email protected] You may also write to NMAI Member Services, P.O. Box 23473, Washington, D.C., 20026-3473. Postmaster: Send change of address information to National Museum of the American Indian, P.O. Box 23473, Washington, D.C. 20026-3473. Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 7 THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN the members of the Director’s Council of Friends and the Desert Sands Circle for their exceptional generosity in making the museum accessible to people across the country and around the world. DIRECTOR'S COUNCIL OF FRIENDS Ms. Eileen Cubbison Ms. Ory Cuellar Mr. and Mrs. John F. Hester Mrs. Lois I. Hoehn Mr. Stephen P. Holmes Ms. Susan Davis Hopkins Mr. Michael Horn Mr. Larry Hothem Mr. J. Russell Hoverman Mr. Chris Howell Mr. William Hudson and Mrs. Nora Gibson Salma G. Mikhail <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Elie M. Abemayor, M.D. </li><li style="flex:1">Mr. Lynn Russell Miller and </li></ul>Ms. Diane Elton Miller Ms. Mary Miller Ms. Nita Adamson and Ms. Leslie Jenkin Mr. Jerry Daniels Mrs. Renee M. Alberts Mr. Syed S. Albukhary Mrs. Lucille Alderman Mr. William Allen Ms. Clara Allison The Honorable Lynette L. Allston Ms. Barbara Altman Dr. Bryan Arling Mr. James K. Asselstine and Ms. Bette J. Davis Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Backup Dr. Sheryl R. Bair Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Baker Mr. and Mrs. Steve Baldock Ms. Sylvia Barnard Miss Patricia Dixon <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Ms. Lorraine Doo </li><li style="flex:1">Rodney and Marjorie Miller </li></ul>Ms. Rebecca Milsap Mr. and Ms. Mark Minerich Dr. Charles Mitchell, Jr. Mrs. Betty M. Montgomery Mr. Robert Morgan Ms. Patricia H. Morris Ms. Sheila B. Morris Mr. and Mrs. Dan Mulcahy Dr. and Mrs. Larry D. Nelson Dr. Sharon Nelson-Barber and Dr. Wayne Barber Mr. Roscoe Draper Ms. Mary N. Dryden Ms. June Duffy Mr. Garrettson Dulin, Jr. Ms. Kate C. Duncan Mr. and Mrs. Ronald Duncan Ms. Lynn A. Dutton Ms. Karen Easton Ms. Dara Hunt Ms. Elizabeth Hutz Mr. Charles H. Hyman Mr. Theodore H. Jacobsen Ms. Cathy A. Jastram Ms. Elizabeth G. Johnson Ms. Brenda K. Jones Ms. Kirsten Kairos Ms. Venita Ellington Mr. and Mrs. Tom Evans Mr. Arthur Fairley <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Ms. Tarry Faries </li><li style="flex:1">Ms. Katherine Neville </li></ul>Carol and Gordon Newbill Mr. George T. Newell Ms. Sharon K. Fearey <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Mr. Thomas Fine </li><li style="flex:1">Ms. Yvonne N. Barry </li></ul>Dr. Mahnaz Ispahani and Mr. Adam Bartos Ms. Colleen Kalinoski Mr. and Mrs. Sheldon T. Katz Ms. Mary Kearns <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Mr. John F. Finerty </li><li style="flex:1">Ms. Karen Nordquist </li></ul>Mr. Joseph H. Fisher Mrs. Shirley M. Fisher Ms. Angela Fitzgerald Ms. Kathryn Forbes Mr. Joseph E. Nordsieck and Ms. Melanie A. Ringer Mrs. June Anne Olsen Ms. Margaret Ann Olson Mr. and Mrs. Victor Onufrey Ms. Jo Oppenheimer Mr. John B. Osborn Ms. Marion W. Bauer Mr. and Mrs. T. E. Beck, Jr. Mr. David G. Beckwith Ms. Barbara J. Behrens Ms. Brenda J. Bellonger Howard and Joy Berlin Ms. Donna Bhatnagar Ms. M. Sharon Blackwell Dr. Art Blume and Dr. Karen Schmaling Ms. Melissa Blye Ms. Jacqueline Bodin Ms. Catherine Bond Mr. Austin Box danah boyd Mrs. Patricia Boyd Ms. Carol Keefer Mr. Douglas Kliever Ms. Agnes L. Koury Ms. Erica Fornari Judy M. and Thomas W. Fredericks Ms. L. S. Freed Mr. David F. Freeman, Jr. Dr. Thomas M. Freeman and Ms. Phyllis Attanasio Mr. Jamie Friedman Mr. Cary J. Frieze Ms. Marilyn T. Gaddis Ms. Joan B. Gates Dr. Michelle Gaudette Mrs. Patricia Gilmartin Ms. Lynne Oakes Glikbarg Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Goering Mr. Donald H. Goodyear, Jr. Mr. Ken Gowen and Mr. Greg Willisson Mr. James O. Graham David Granite and Mary Lou Oster-Granite Mr. and Mrs. Gerald Grawey Ms. Joanne T. Greenspun Mr. and Mrs. Stuart Grossman Ms. Marge Newcomer Guilfoil Robert W. Hamill, M.D. Mrs. Maureen Hamilton Ms. Carolyn Hammers Ms. Antoinette Hamner Mr. Collier Hands Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Kovalik Mr. & Mrs. Andrew and Wendy Kukic Ms. Ann Evans Larimore <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Gloria Lauriano </li><li style="flex:1">Tom and Carol Patterson </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Ms. Lynn Paxson </li><li style="flex:1">Ms. Denise C. LeClair-Robbins </li></ul>Mr. and Mrs. Michael Lesk Mr. Blake Lipham and Ms. Jennifer Lipham Mr. Michael K. Littleford David and Jennifer G. Loewenstein Ms. Jo Ann Lohman Mr. and Mrs. Harry D. Ludeman Ms. Kayrene Lunday Ms. Kathryn Ann MacLane Mr. John L. Maggio Mr. Keith Magnuson Ms. Jamie Maher Ms. Peggy Mainor Mrs. Jacqueline Badger Mars Mr. David Martin Pechanga Band of Luiseno Indians Mr. Kirk A. Pessner and Dr. Russell H Miller Ms. Julie Phillips Mrs. Kathryn R. Polster Mr. Jim and Mrs. Karla Powell Ms. Patricia Pratt Mr. and Mrs. Robert Braitman Ms. Janet Brandon Ms. Sue Breazile Mr. and Mrs. David R. Pruner Mrs. Jessica Quaresma Ms. M. Elaine Rand Mrs. Jeanne S. Broome Mr. Frederick Brown Ms. Jane A. Brown Dr. Joanna Ready Ms. Barbara A. Reichardt Ms. Katharine S. Reynolds <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Mr. Howard P. Rice </li><li style="flex:1">Mr. Edward Browne </li></ul>Ms. Mary G. Bullerdiek Mr. Jonathan G. Bunge Warren F. Buxton, Ph.D. Dr. and Mrs. Jan D. Carline Ms. Ethel Tison Chaffin Mr. Malcolm Chun Ms. Lisa Roach Mr. Craig E. Martinez Mr. Mark L. Martinez Mrs. Susanne W. Max Ms. Mary H. McConnell Mr. and Mrs. John J. McLaughlin Ms. Tomasita Medal Ms. Caroline Robbins Prof. Nicholas A. Robinson Mrs. Grace M. Romero-Pacheco Mr. and Mrs. James Roselle Ms. Tia Rosengarten Ms. Kathryn Cochrane Mr. and Mrs. John Coletta Ms. Margaret A. Collins Mr. W. Dale Compton Ms. Antoinette Corcillo Ms. Lauralee Cromarty Ms. Karen J. Crook Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Rowlett Dr. Georgia Royalty and Dr. James Spivack Ms. Judi Melander Ms. Beverly Melton Ms. Joanne Hanifan Mr. Thomas B. Harding, Jr. Dr. Shandy Hauk <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Dr. Carol F. Meyer </li><li style="flex:1">Ms. Marie Asselia Rundquist and </li></ul>Mr. Edward V. Nowicki Ms. Nancy W. Ruskin Ms. Pamela G. Meyer Ms. Patricia Meyer <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Mr. and Mrs. Jay J. Hellman </li><li style="flex:1">Mrs. Louise J. Middlemiss </li><li style="flex:1">Mr. Paul Sack </li></ul>8 AMERICAN INDIAN SUMMER 2018 The gifts recognized here were made on or before September 1, 2017. Dame Jillian Sackler, DBE Ms. Carol Sakata Mr. and Mrs. Charles Samuels Ms. Jessica Sarowitz Ms. Patricia J. Sawvel Ms. Joyce Scafe Mr. Peter L. Schaffer Ms. Jacquelyn Schnabl Ms. Barbara L. Schuler Mrs. Dolores A. Sena Mr. John F. Sicks, Jr. Elizabeth Sidamon-Eristoff and Hunter Lewis Mrs. Thalia Sinnamon Mr. Bill Skelly Ms. Joan Slebos Mr. and Mrs. Albert H. Small Mr. Dennis Smith Mr. and Mrs. Morton I. Sosland Mr. John J. Sparacio Ms. Mary G. Sprague Mr. and Mrs. Eugene E. Stark Mr. and Mrs. William C. Sterling, Jr. Mr. Richard W. Stickle Mrs. Anne J. Stoutamire Mrs. Lucy Strook and Mrs. Jeannett Aspden Diana and Charles Bain Ms. Edda M. Benedek Mrs. George P. Bissell Mr. George B. Black Mr. John M. Bogie Mr. Mel Hoefling Mr. Stephen L. Hoffman Ms. Ruth Lynn Hooper William S. Hoover, M.D. Ms. Irene Hopper Mr. Eric Horowitz Ms. Carolyn Horsman and Mr. Rudy Rodriguez Mr. Ron Houston Mr. Michael Howard Ms. Cheri Moon Howlett Mrs. Margaret Hunt Mrs. Robert Hyson Mr. and Mrs. James Jespersen Ms. Rosemary A. Joyce and Mr. Russell N. Sheptak Ms. Judith Powers and Ms. Patricia Karp Mr. and Mrs. Donald M. Kerr Mr. and Mrs. William B. Kessinger Ms. Dona P. Key Dr. and Mrs. Hoshang J. Khambatta Ms. Margaret Kiever Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. King Mr. Carl Kopfinger and Mr. Stephen Weitzenhoffer Ms. Margo Kovacs Mr. Clayton R. Braatz Ms. Barbara L. Brown Ms. Jane A. Brown Ms. Janice Brown Mr. Gary Brownell Mr. David Buckner Mr. Stewart Burchard Ms. Doris E. Burd Mr. Jon Burkhardt Ms. Mary E. Carlson Mr. James H. Carron Mr. Carroll Cavanagh Mr. and Mrs. Hal Clarke Ms. Kristie Clemons and Mr. James Markich Ms. Barbara A. Cochran Ms. Valeria J. Cohen Ms. Carolyn J. Cole Ms. Sharon P. Cole The Reverend J. L. Richardt Nancy Ridenour and Ed Mason Ms. Marcia Rinkel Mr. Andrew Rowen Ms. Jaclyn J. Rusch Dr. Louise Russell Mrs. Lisa Ryan Mr. Paul Sack Ms. Gwendolyn Sampson Roger and Lani Sanjek <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Mr. Carl Sass </li><li style="flex:1">Mr. and Mrs. Sam Conner </li></ul>Mr. William J. Cook Professor Reid Cooper and Mrs. Cooper Dr. Frederick Kowal Ms. Lucinda D. Scheer Ms. Janet Spurgeon Scheevel Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Schelat Ford and Susan Schumann Mrs. Rozanne Ritch Seelen Dr. David J. Skorton and Dr. Robin Davisson Mr. and Mrs. Michael D. Snow Ms. Janice M. Soeder Ms. Mary Lou Soller Ms. Wardean D. Squire-Askew Ms. Sandra Steffes Mr. and Mrs. Richard Stone Ms. Jeanne M. Styron Ms. Delores T. Sumner Ms. Beth Swalm Mr. Daniel Stroock Ms. Mary Tapley Mr. and Mrs. William S. Taubman Dr. Donna J. Thal and Mr. George Carnevale Mr. and Mrs. William E. Thibodeaux Mr. Andreas Ueland The Honorable Lynn R. Valbuena and Mr. Stephen Valbuena Mr. Neil C. Van Rossum Ms. Ann L. Vanevery Mr. Randall Wadsworth Mr. Roy Wagner Mrs. Ruth L. Webb Ms. Elaine M. Webster Ms. Nancy Webster Mr. Selman I. Welt Mr. and Ms. Arthur F. Werner Mr. and Mrs. W. Richard West, Jr. Mr. Robert R. Willasch Wayne and Carrie Wilson Mr. Michael Paul Wilson, Jr. Ms. Maria Rodriguez Winter Mrs. Margaret M. Wisniewski Ms. Deborah A. Wisnowski Dr. J. Fred Woessner, Jr. Mr. Frank M. Yates Dr. Ronald M. Costell and Ms. Marsha E. Swiss Ms. Annelore F. Kurtz Mr. William Lafranchi Mr. and Mrs. Howard Laney Ms. Ruth Larson Mr. Clifford Crooks Mrs. Leonore R. Daschbach Dr. Russell De Burlo Mr. Bruce Deemer Ms. Kathryn Draper Dr. and Mrs. David M. Dressler Mrs. Kay K. Drey Timothy and Cynthia Dunne Ms. Julie Edwards-Sanchez Ms. Susan E. Eichhorn Mr. and Mrs. Robert Elder Ms. Lee Ann Ellingsworth Dr. Deborah Matthews Evans Dr. G Edward Evans Dr. Joyce M. Evans Ms. Rebecca Fain Ms. Mary B. Ffolliott Edward J. and Debra L. Fine Dr. Paul S. Fishman Ms. Elaine C. Lee Waishan Leung Ronald and Judith Libertus Angie and BobRob Liepold Ms. Susan B. Lindenauer Mr. Michael W. Lingo Loren G. Lipson, M.D. Ms. Nancy Lombaer Mrs. Alice B. Long Carolyn J. Lukensmeyer, Ph.D. Mrs. Val Lyons Mr. and Mrs. John Manley Ms. Jennifer Maria Jeffrey and Creda Markham Mr. and Mrs. Randolph B. Marshall Dr. Larry McGoldrick Mr. Ellsworth McKee Ms. Mary Anne Mekosh Ms. Mary Miller Ms. Marlene Miller-Dyke and Mr. Donald Dyke Mr. and Mrs. Michael A. Moran Major Michael J. Motes Mr. Harvey M. Mumma Ms. Kathleen M. Nilles Mr. Karl F. Nygren Dr. G. Marie Swanson Ms. Cinda Celia Taylor Mr. Daniel B. Taylor Mr. Thomas Teegarden Ms. Irma Tetzloff Mr. Robert J. Thiebaut Mr. Wilbur N. Thomas Robert J. and Stephenie Torres Ms. Marie Trenga Mrs. Mary S. Triplette Mr. Alexander Tsesis Mr. James H. Van Arsdale, IV Mrs. Barbara Van Dusen Mr. John F. Van Lennep Mr. Richard V. Vaughn Mr. Peter von Schlippe David and Sharon Wade Ms. Sue Wallace Ms. Angela Fitzgerald Mr. Pete Ford Dr. and Mrs. Don D. Fowler Dr. and Mrs. Alan F. Frigy <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Dr. and Mrs. Shayne Gad </li><li style="flex:1">Pat Zaharopoulos, Esq. </li></ul>Ms. Patricia Zell and Mr. Michael D. Cox Mr. John V. Garnett Ms. Barbara E. Zelley Ms. Marilyn Zimmerman Mr. Emil Zuberbueler Mr. and Mrs. Richard A. Zucker Mr. John A. Zyracki, Jr. Ms. Marianne Gerschel Ms. Lucy Ghastin Mrs. Stella A. Gieseler Mr. Jim Goldschmidt Mr. Leo Gonzalez Drew and Myra Goodman Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Goodman Mrs. Elizabeth A. Goodwin Ms. Elaine Grudzinski Candace Haigler and Richard Blanton Mr. James Hallowell Mrs. Gloria Shaw Hamilton Mr. Edward Hamm Mr. Garnet W. Hammond Ms. Carla Hampton Mrs. Caroline Heart Ms. Heather Henson Mr. and Mrs. Norman J. Hill Ms. Gail Hitchcock Mr. and Mrs. Merlin G. Nygren Ms. Deborah Olson Mr. Kenneth A. Walz Ms. Janice Waters Mr. Mark Waters Lee M. Ozley

Food and Drink War and Peace

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