50 Years of SID Symposia – Nurturing Progress in Projection Technology Pre-SID 1960’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s 2000-2012 2001 2003 2008 2009 “Dark Chip” contrast-enhanced DMD/DLP DLP Cinema 2K resolution DMD chip DLP Pico chipsets in low-cost package DLP Cinema 4K resolution DMD chip introduced 1902 Texas Instruments 1981 1985 1987 1989 1992 1993 Texas Instruments Texas Instruments Texas Instruments First recorded operating TV First projected deformable Commercial development Improved contrast “hidden hinge” DMD 1961 Digital Micromirror Interference filter CRT First full-color DMD image projector based on Nipkow Disk 1958 mirror imager of F-LCOS Texas Instruments Image 3 Channel color Eidophor 1974 (DMD) microdisplay Philips Texas Instruments Unknown Talaria sealed oil film 1972 Texas Instruments Displaytech Gretag ILA -Photo-addressed reflective Texas Instruments 2001 2003 2008 2009 light valve introduced Laser (Thermal) Smetic Liquid 1999 Crystal Light Valve (LSLCLV) liquid crystal light valve (LCLV) 1993 Begin manufacture of F-LCOS imagers 1080p p-Si TFT 3LCD projection light valve 8Kx4K D-ILA 4K2K & WUXGA p-Si TFT 3LD 1932-36 GE 1982 Color Sequential LCoS based on TN effect Bell Labs Hughes First VGA p-Si TFT projection light valve Displaytech Epson JVC projection light valves Generation Curved faceplate CRTs form projection Large Diameter Aperture Gun Epson Philips Epson Philips, RCA, Fernsehen Matsushita 1986 1988 1962 1969 - 1970 1971 1975 p-Si TFT LCD projection LCDs for projection TFT Active matrix Twisted Netmatic LC Vertically alignment LCs 2000 Devices Liquid crystal on silicon 1982 light-valve introduced 1993 2002 1943 1953 GE J. Fergason, W. Helfrich, Schiekel, Fahreschon, Kahn 4Kx2K D-ILA High brightness 7" PRT CRT Seiko Epson Projectionvision Inc. Grating light valve (GLV) Last CRT projection paper at SID Eidophor - oil film Color Field Sequential M. Schadt (LCoS) display with chemicallystrengthened glass Stanford Univ. (Eschelle) JVC Sony light valve Eidophor Hughes Hitachi Swiss Fed. Inst. Of Tech. Gretag 1951 1982 1989 1991 1996 1999 2001 3 Tube/3 Lens color Liquid coupling & cooling (3) LCD projection system; Single LV angular-color- TIR Prism for DLP Wire grid polarizer Scrolling Color Recapture CRT Projector of flat CRT faceplate X-dichroic re-combining prism separation projection illumination & beam splitter (color wheel) RCA Sony Seiko Epson Sharp US Precision Lens Moxtek Texas Instruments SID Award Recipients – Projection Displays Karl Ferdinand Braun Prize Fellow of the SID 1993 Willian E. Glenn 1993 Petro Vlahos 1966 Projection 1938 1985 1996 1999 CRT Liquid coupling/ Scrolling color single Polarization conversion; LCoS Scrolling color William E. Good 1993 John A. Van Raalte 1975 Acousto-optic light modulators/ light-valve rear projection Thomas T. True 1993 Eiichi Yamazaki 1997 cooling in rear PTV double fly-eye integration, PCS with rotating prisms Components/ scanner for rear-projection TV technology Larry J. Hornbeck 1999 Willian E. Glenn 1998 Scophony Ltd. Philips Philips Seiko Epson Philips William Bleha 2005 Shinji Morozumi 1998 William P. Bleha 2003 Special Recognition Edward H. Stupp 2003 Architecture William E. Good 1974 Arlie Conner 2004 1996 1997 Hiroki Hamada 2010 First UHP lamp, integrator PBS Polymer retarder stacks for Han-Ping Shieh 2005 system projector (ELP-3500) selective (color) polarization Epson Colorlink, Inc. 1999 1937 Lenses for High - Resolution Microdisplays Contributors to initially generating (2003) and in 2010/12 1976 1979 1986 1992 1995 f/4.5 projection lens US Precision Lens/OPCN Associates revising/updating this Milestone Technology Chart Projection Telecentric projection lens for f/1.0 aspheric Lens system for aspheric Ultra-wide angle Zoom lenses for used for CRT projector LCLV projection lenses CRT faceplate f 77 mm lenses LCD projectors 2003 – Ed Stupp (chair) consulting with Pete Baron, Fred Kahn, Robert Melcher, John Rudolph Philips 1999 2010/12 Revision – consulting with Pete Baron, Rina Bhuva, Bill Bleha, Scott Dewald, Hughes US Precision Lens Hitachi US Precision Lens US Precision Lens Matt Brennesholtz (chief architect) Telecentric projection lenses for LCD Dave Eccles, Daniel den Engelsen, Ed English, Larry Hornbeck, Fred Kahn, Wu Ming, Greg Pettitt, Alan Sobel, Rod Sterling Lenses Minolta, Nikon, USPL 1960's 1993 2001 2006 2010 Xenon arclamp UHP High-pressure External cavity surface Photonic lattice, Direct emission Abbreviations for projection mercury discharge lamp emitting lasers large area LEDs green lasers Westinghouse Philips Novalux Luminus Kaai LCLV - Liquid Crystal Light Valve Illumination ILA - Image Light Amplifier DLP - Digital Light Processor 1960's 1991 2001 Sources Invention of the Metal halide discharge Arc stabilization of DMD - Digital Micromirror Device Laser projection lamp short-arc (UHP) lamps LCOS - Liquid Crystal -on- Silicon Hughes Iwasaki Electric Philips 1937 1940 2002 1970 1979 1983 1999 2005 Contrast-enhancing front projections screens Rear projection screen with Fresnel lens for rear Refractive/TIR Projection Double Lenticular Lenticular, black stripe Black stripe rear screen with Rear projection screen Contrast-enhanced single lenticular 2002 based on polarization 3M controlled gain projection screens Fresnel Screen Screen for CRT RPTV screens for rear-projection Fresnel and lenticular lenses for LCD projection for LCD/DLP RPTV 2007 based on viewing angle Dai Nippon Philips Strong & Hayward for thin RPTV GE Freen Screen Dai Nippon Toppan Toppan 2007 based on spectrum Sony Screens Mitsubishi 1937 1948 1951 1988 1973 1980 1990 1994 1996 1997 1999 2000 Projection CRT Monochrome CRT NTSC Color CRT Transmissive a-Si TFT LCD projection system 2005 2008 2009 2010 Giant VideoBeam CRT with 50" consumer rear a-Si LCD very high First 3-chip LCD First commerical Light-weight (6 lbs) First demonstration of 3-chip 2K DLP Cinema systems Theater projection theater projection Sharp LED illuminated “pocket” Laser-illuminated RPTV First embedded pico projector (DLP) Hybrid (red LED, green phosphor, integrated Schmidt optics projection TV light output projector (3LCD) VGA projector 1-chip DLP Proj. DLP projector digital cinema to paying projectors demonstrated (15” Tube, 80KV anode, RCA (sub-1-lb) DLP projector Mistubushi in a mobile phone blue laser) projector Philips, RCA, 42” Schmidt mirror) Advent GTE Sylvania Barco Epson TI, InFocus, InFocus theater customers Barco, Christie Mistubishi, Toshiba, Samsung Samsung, TI Casio 1986 1988 nView, Proxima Hughes/JVC & TI Fernsehen RCA 2008 Full color, 7.5Mpixel LCSLV Overhead projector 1958 1978 2005 LED/DLP 2009 rear projection display (OHP) LCD panel 1990 2002 1950 Eidophor Enters 1960-63 Dual Talaria 1000-line 1996 1997 First digital 3D in the cinema “picoprojectors 3-D enabled (1-chip) DLP projectors Greyhawk Systems N-View/Proxima/InFocus (3) panel p-Si front 4Kx2K D-ILA projector Products & 75kV, 7” CRT for Production Rapid-process film color high lumen projector First commerical First commercial high-brightness Disney, RealD, TI Samsung, Optoma Multiple Companies screen projector JVC theater projection Gretag projection systems General Electric laser-based 3-chip DLP projector Seiko Epson ITT, Hughes, Burroughs 1988 projector Digital Projection RCA 2006 2009 Applications 3-color ILA video projector Color 1958 1976 2002 DLP RPTV with LED illumination 8Kx4K D-ILA projector 1936 Hughes 1992 1948 Slide Scratcher Monochrome ILA projector with 1997 Rear-projection Samsung, TI & Luminius Devices JVC (prototype) Commercial TV Introduction of the LCD “Light Commercial/consumer color displays fiberoptic-coupled CRT input 1995 2000 pixel DLP HDTV 2012 broadcasting began Cannon” dooms oil film sysems CRT rear Projection TV for command Hughes 1988 First LCoS projector - D-ILA LCoS Samsung 4K 55,000 lumen laser in the UK Barco 2006 2009 RCA & control 3-Chip LCD (3LCD) projector (LC-500) 3-chip Projector cinema projector London GLV 4K x 4K laser projector for planetariums Laser Picoprojectors Introduced FF&M, Northrop Kodak IBM JVC Barco Television Service Evans & Sutherland Microvision, Shanghai Sanxin Tech. Dev. Co. CRTs Oil Films LVs ILA/LCLV DMD/DLP LCDs LCoS LED/Lasers CRTs Oil Films LVs ILA/LCLV DMD/DLP LCDs LCoS LED/Lasers.