1 . Invertebrates of Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona Kenneth J. Kingsley Technical Report No. 60 December 1998 U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Park Studies Unit School of Renewable Natural Resources 125 Biological Sciences East The University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona 85721 National Park Service Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument Route 1, Box 100 Ajo, Arizona 85321 2 Author Monument Resources Management personnel* Kenneth J. Kingsley William Wellman, Superintendent SWCA Inc. Peter G. Rowlands, Chief, Resources Management 343 S. Scott Ave. Jim Petterson, Ecologist Tucson, AZ 85701-1901 Susan Rutman, Ecologist Timothy J. Tibbitts, Wildlife Biologist Unit Personnel Nancy Favour, Geographer William L. Halvorson, Unit Leader Charles W. Conner, Biological Science Technician Cecil R. Schwalbe, Research Ecologist Ami C. Pate, Biological Science Technician Peter S. Bennett, Ecologist Thomas N. Potter, Resource Management Specialist Michael R. Kunzmann, Ecologist Lara Dickson, Biological Science Technician Katherine L. Hiett, Biological Science Technician (520) 387-6849 Gloria J. Maender, Editor Rene M. Tanner, Editorial Assistant Daniel R. Morales, Jr., Editorial Assistant Sandra K. Mosolf, Administrative Assistant Brenda Carbajal, Secretary (520) 670-6885; (520) 621-1174; FTS (520) 670-6885 The Cooperative Park Studies Unit at The University of Arizona (CPSU/UA) was established 16 August 1993 as a unit in the National Park Service (NPS). By action of Secretary of the Interior Bruce Babbitt, the research function of NPS and several other Interior agencies was transferred to a newly created agency, the National Biological Service (NBS), on 12 November 1993. At that time, the CPSU/UA and unit personnel were transferred to the new agency. On 1 October 1996, NBS became the Biological Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey. As the nation's largest water, earth, and biological science and civilian mapping agency the USGS works in cooperation with more than 2,000 organizations across the country to provide reliable, impartial, scientific information to resource managers, planners, and other customers. This information is gathered in every state by USGS scientists to minimize the loss of life and property from natural disasters, contribute to sound economic and physical development of the nation's natural resources, and enhance the quality of life by monitoring water, biological, energy, and mineral resources. The CPSU/UA provides a multidisciplinary approach to studies in natural and cultural sciences. The unit conducts and coordinates research that is funded by various agencies. Principal Arizona cooperators include the School of Renewable Natural Resources and the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of The University of Arizona. The Western Archeological and Conservation Center (NPS) and the School of Renewable Natural Resources (UA) provide administrative assistance. Unit scientists hold faculty of research associate appointments at the university. The Technical Report series allows dissemination of information about high priority resource management questions. The series allows the flexibility of retaining considerable information on study design, methods, results, and applications not afforded in formal scientific publications. Technical reports are given peer review and editing. Documents in this series usually contain information of a preliminary nature and are prepared primarily for use by USGS personnel and cooperators. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or use by USGS. Reports in this series are produced in limited quantities. As long as the supply lasts, copies may be obtained from USGS-CPSU/UA, 125 Biological Sciences East, The University of Arizona, Tucson, A7,85721. 3 *This list does not include personnel who contributed to the Ecological Monitoring Program in 1995 but no longer work at Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument: Harold J. Smith (Superintendent), James J. Barnett (Chief, Resources Management), Jonathan F. Arnold (Ecologist), and Dennis Casper (Biological Science Technician). This report was printed on recycled paper. 4 Contents List of Figures..................................................................................................................................v List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. vi Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ vii Acknowledgments ....................................................................................................................... viii Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1 The Sensitive Ecosystems Program (SENECPRO)................................................................1 Products of This Study ...........................................................................................................1 Study Sites .............................................................................................................................2 Aguajita Wash and Spring (AG)................................................................................... 2 Alamo Canyon, South Fork (AL) ..................................................................................3 Arch Canyon (AC) ........................................................................................................3 Armenta Ranch (AR) ....................................................................................................4 Bull Pasture (BP) ..........................................................................................................4 Burn Site (BU) ..............................................................................................................5 Dirt Tank(DT) ...............................................................................................................5 Dos Lomitas Exclosure (DO) ........................................................................................6 Dripping Springs (DR) .................................................................................................6 East of Armenta Ranch (EA) .........................................................................................6 Growler Canyon (GC) ...................................................................................................7 Lost Cabin (LO).............................................................................................................8 Neolloydia(NE) 9 ..........................................................................................................8 Pozo Nuevo(PO) ...........................................................................................................9 Salsola(SA) ...................................................................................................................9 Senita Basin (SE) ..........................................................................................................9 Vulture (VU) ..............................................................................................................10 Weather .......................................................................................................................11 Previous Investigations ................................................................................................11 Methods .........................................................................................................................................16 Results and Discussion ...............................................................................................................21 General Observations ...........................................................................................................21 Taxonomic Accounts ...........................................................................................................41 Order: Acari (Mites and Ticks)....................................................................................43 Order: Araneae (Spiders) ............................................................................................43 Order: Opiliones (Harvestmen) ...................................................................................45 Order: Scorpiones (Scorpions) ....................................................................................45 Order: Solifugae (Windscorpions, Sunspiders, Solpugids). ........................................45 Order: Scolopendomorpha (Tropical Centipedes ........................................................46 iii Order: Isopoda ............................................................................................................46 Order: Concostraca .....................................................................................................46 Order: Spirobolida ......................................................................................................46 Order: Spirostreptida ...................................................................................................47 Order: Coleoptera (Beetles) ........................................................................................47 Order: Dermaptera (Earwigs) .....................................................................................66