௠ Academy of Management Journal 2014, Vol. 57, No. 5, 1. Academy of Management Journal STYLE GUIDE FOR AUTHORS For information about desired content, length of ing information should NOT be included with a submissions, and how to submit manuscripts, paper submitted for review. please see “Information for Contributors” (on the Abstract. An abstract of no more than 200 words AMJ Web site at http://aom.org/Publications/AMJ/ and the title of the work go on page 2. Information-for-Contributors.aspx). For “Style Guide for Authors” on the Web, see Back Pages http://aom.org/uploadedFiles/Publications/AMJ/ AMJ_Style%20Guide_Aug%202014.pdf. Group references and any appendixes, tables, and figures at the end of your manuscript. Continue your page numbering. Manuscript Submission and Format Headings and Sections Submit manuscripts to AMJ’s online submission and review website, ScholarOne Manuscripts, at AMJ uses only three levels of headings. Use bold- http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/amj. face for all three. Main headings (all capital letters; Please use Times Roman 12-point type and the centered) are first. Second-level headings (title-style 8 1⁄2 ϫ 11 page setting. The document should be letters; flush left) are next. Third-level headings (first double spaced throughout; place page numbers in letter of first word capitalized; indented; italicized; the upper-right corner; and leave top and side mar- and run into paragraph) are next. gins of at least one inch. Don’t skip steps: no second-level headings before you use a first-level heading, for instance. Use sec- ond- and third-level headings in sets of two or Publication of Accepted Articles more. Examples: Accepted papers are copy-edited. Authors re- view edits in page proofs. AMJ’s production team METHODS [1st level] will contact you immediately after the Editor in Data and Sample [2nd level] Chief assigns your work to an issue. If your work is accepted, please keep the Manag- Measures [2nd level] ing Editor ([email protected]) informed of Independent variable. [3rd level] changes of address and long absences. Dependent variables. [3rd level] Front Pages Footnotes Address. For final versions of Accepted manu- Use footnotes placed on their respective pages scripts only, a title page should be added (this is (not endnotes). not included with submissions under review). Un- der the title of your work, list authors’ names, uni- Hypotheses versity affiliations (university names only, NOT de- Fully and separately state each hypothesis you partments), and complete addresses. Example: tested separately. Phrase it in the present tense. AN EXCELLENT STUDY Give it a distinct number (Hypothesis 1) or number- A. A. MANAGEMENT SCHOLAR letter (Hypothesis 1a) label. Set hypotheses off in Current University indented blocks, in italic type. Examples: Building and/or Street City, State, Zip Code Hypothesis 1a. Concise writing has a positive relation- Tel: (000) 000-0000 ship to publication. Fax: (000) 000-0000 Hypothesis 1b. Following AMJ’s “Style Guide for Au- e-mail: [email protected] thors” has a positive relationship to publication. Language Acknowledgment. If you wish to acknowledge financial support or other assistance, add a note at Technical terms. Help your work to be accessible the bottom of your title page. This applies ONLY to to AMJ’s wide-ranging readership. Define key techni- Accepted papers. A title page with author-identify- cal terms. A technical term is a word or phrase that is 1 Copyright of the Academy of Management, all rights reserved. Contents may not be copied, emailed, posted to a listserv, or otherwise transmitted without the copyright holder’s express written permission. Users may print, download or email articles for individual use only. 2 Academy of Management Journal October not in a general-use dictionary with the meaning you Third person (less desirable)—The author developed (or even you and other published scholars) ascribe to three new items. it. Put quotation marks around the first appearance in First person (more desirable)—I developed three new your paper of each technical term, or define it. items. Abbreviations. Avoid using abbreviations for the Anthropomorphism. Do not describe inanimate names of concepts. Use ordinary words for variable entities (models, theories, firms, and so forth) as names—not code names or other abbreviations. Use acting in ways only humans can act. the same name for a variable throughout your text, tables, figures, and appendixes. Names of organizations and research instruments Appendixes may be abbreviated, but give the full name the first time you mention one of these. Names of software Present long but essential methodological de- and some databases may be abbreviated. tails, such as the calculation of measures, in an appendix or appendixes. Be concise. Reporting math. Do not “talk in math” in regular Avoid exact reproductions of surveys. text. Use words. For instance, “We surveyed 100 em- Label appendixes “APPENDIX A,” “APPENDIX ployees,” not “We surveyed n ϭ 100 employees.” B,” and so forth. A substantive title, such as “Items Do use symbols and numbers to report results in Scales,” should follow. Label tables within ap- and give formulas. Italicize letters that are custom- pendixes “Table A1,” “B1,” and so forth. arily italicized (e.g., p, r, b, F, Z). Use boldface italic for vectors. Put spaces on either side of equals signs, minus signs, etc. Tables and Figures Illustrative results within text go in parentheses. Introduce them with complete sentences. Example: Look at tables and figures in published issues of AMJ to see preferred formats. Write to the copy editor if you One coefficient for the interaction was significant (model 3: ␤ ϭ 0.06, p Ͻ .05; model 5: ␤ ϭ 1.06). have questions. Use as many pages as you need to create tables and figures that match our formats. Present equations either in your running text or The preferred format for regular tables is Mi- displayed. Examples: crosoft Word; however, WordPerfect and Acrobat Run-in equation—We used Craig’s (1992: 20) distance PDF are also acceptable. Note that a straight Excel formula (d ϭ xyz). file is not currently an acceptable format. Excel Displayed equation— files should be converted to a Word or PDF docu- ment before being uploaded. Tables that contain Ϫ␭( xt)␭ yt [e (Xt) ] artwork or graphics must be submitted as illustra- Pr(Y ϭ y x ) ϭ , (1) t t t Yt! tions in an acceptable format. Tables should be formatted as follows. Arrange where Yt is.... the data so that columns of like material read Define each new term in all equations. down, not across. The headings should be suffi- ciently clear so that the meaning of the data is Sexist or biased language. Avoid language that understandable without reference to the text. Ta- might be interpreted as denigrating. Do not use bles should have titles and sufficient experimental “he” or “she” exclusively. Using the plural— detail in a legend immediately following the title to changing “the manager . he” to “managers . be understandable without reference to the text. they”—is one solution; using “he or she” (“him or Each column in a table must have a heading, and her”) is another. abbreviations, when necessary, should be defined Active voice and first person. Write in the active in the legend or footnote. voice (“They did it”) instead of the passive voice Number tables and figures consecutively (one se- (“It was done”) to make it easy for readers to see ries for tables, one for figures). Place them at the who did what. Use the first person (“I” or “we”) to end of your manuscript, but indicate the position of describe what you, or you and your coauthors, did. each in the text as follows: Examples: ------------------------------------ Insert Table 2 about here Passive (less desirable)—Two items were found to lack ------------------------------------ factor validity by Earley (1989). Active (more desirable)—Earley (1989) found that two Each table or figure needs an introductory sentence items lacked factor validity. in your text. 2014 Style Guide for Authors 3 More on tables. Use the same name for each Page numbers in citations. Use this format: variable that you use in your text. Don’t use code Writing a book is “a long and arduous task” (Lee, 1998: 3). names and abbreviations. Example: Desirable variable name—Profitability Citation with no author. For an article with no Undesirable variable name—PRFT author, cite the periodical as author. Example: Each table should report one type of analysis Periodical as author—Analysts predicted an increase in (which is identified in the title), and each vertical service jobs (Wall Street Journal, 1999). column and horizontal row should contain only For reports, handbooks, and the like, cite the “cor- one type of data. porate author” that produced them. Example: Report only two decimal places for all statistics. Place correlation coefficients in the lower-left cor- Organization as author—Analysts predict an increase in service jobs in the U.S. Industrial Outlook (U.S. Depart- ners of their tables. ment of Commerce, 1992). Use superscript small letters for table footnotes. Such sources can also be identified informally. No Significance levels go in a stack under your reg- corresponding reference will then be needed. ular table footnotes. Example: Example: † p Ͻ .10 Informal citation—According to the 1999 U.S. Industrial * p Ͻ .05 Outlook, published by the U.S. Department of Com- ** p Ͻ .01 merce, service jobs will increase. Or you may use a single lettered footnote: Electronic sources. Use a regular citation (author, a All values greater than...aresignificant at.... year) if you can identify an author of one of the types discussed above (human, periodical, or cor- More on figures. Figures, unlike tables, contain porate).