APPRAISAL OF THE INFLUENCE OF FEDERATION OF INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION (FIFA) ORGANIZED COMPETITIONS ON THE ATTAINMENT OF THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN NIGERIA BY Mohammed Sani LADAN Ph.D /EDUC/1468/2010 – 2011 P15EDPE9029 DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN KINETIC AND HEALTH EDUCATION FACULTY OF EDUCATION AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA, NIGERIA APRIL, 2018 APPRAISAL OF THE INFLUENCE OF FEDERATION OF INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION (FIFA) ORGANIZED COMPETITIONS ON THE ATTAINMENT OF THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN NIGERIA BY Mohammed Sani LADAN Ph.D /EDUC/1468/2010 – 2011 P15EDPE9029 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEGREE IN SPORTS MANAGEMENT (Ph.D SPORTS MANAGEMENT) DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN KINETIC AND HEALTH EDUCATION FACULTY OF EDUCATION AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA, NIGERIA APRIL, 2018 ii DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis, titled ―APPRAISAL OF THE INFLUENCE OF FEDERATION OF INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION (FIFA) ORGANIZED COMPETITIONS ON THE ATTAINMENT OF THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN NIGERIA" was written by me and that this dissertation has not been written or submitted for the award of any degree to the best of my knowledge. All sources of publications and other related literatures cited in this research are duly acknowledged. _____________________________ __________________ Mohammed SaniLADAN Date iii CERTIFICATION This thesis titled ―APPRAISAL OF THE INFLUENCE OF FEDERATION OF INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL ASSOCIATION (FIFA) ORGANIZED COMPETITIONS ON THE ATTAINMENT OF THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN NIGERIA”by Mohammed SaniLadan, meets the regulation governing the award of the Degree of Philosophy (Ph.D) in Sports Management of the Department of Human Kinetic and Health Education, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria and is approved for its contribution to knowledge and literary presentation. ______________________________ ___________________ Prof. A. I. Kabido Date Chairman, Supervisory Committee ______________________________ ___________________ Prof. E. J. Chom Date Member, Supervisory Committee ______________________________ ___________________ Prof. M. G. Yakasai Date Member, Supervisory Committee ______________________________ ___________________ Prof. (Mrs.) M. A. Suleiman Date Head of Department ______________________________ ___________________ Prof. S. Z. Abubakar Date Dean, School of Postgraduate Studies iv DEDICATION This Thesis is dedicated to my beloved wife and children for their love and support. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The researcher is first and foremost grateful to the Almighty Allah for guiding the researcher to conduct this study. The researcher is most grateful to his team of supervisors; Prof. A. I. Kabido, Prof. E. J. Chom, and Prof. M. G. Yakasai, for their kind and elderly inspiration, encouragement, guidance, constructive criticisms and suggestions throughout this research, which has made this, work a reality. The researcher also wishes to appreciate Prof. M. A. Suleiman (Head of Department), Prof. J. A. Gwani, Prof. (Mrs.) F. B. Adeyanju, Prof. E. Gunen, Prof. C. E. Dikki, Dr. U. O. Suleiman,Dr. Umar Musa, Dr. B. W. Zamani, Dr. S. M. Bichi, and all staff members of the Department of Physical and Health EducationAhamdu Bello University, Zaria- Nigeria. The researcher is also very grateful to AlhUmaruSanda, Dr. MoorufAkinwande, AlhAbdullahiMashegu and the entire members of the Secondary Education Board. The researcher thanks the staff of GSS Gwagwalada. May Allah bless you for your prayers and moral support. The researcher also acknowledges Mr. John, the statistician. Allah will reward your labour of love. Once again, the researcher is so grateful to my beloved wife and children for their love, prayers and support. The many days and nights you had to sacrifice, the many comforts you had to dowithout me to make this work a reality is so appreciated. Finally, the researcher wishes to acknowledge all those whose names were not mentioned here but have contributed to the success of this work in one way or the other. The Almighty Allah knows your contributions and will reward you accordingly. vi ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to appraise the influence of FIFA Organized Competitions on the attainment of Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria. To achieve this purpose, a total of 285 respondents were used for the study. A stratified random sampling technique was used.In this technique; the six (6) geo-political zones in Nigeria were used. Experts in the field of Physical and Health Education vetted the questionnaire in order to determine its face and content validity. The final draft of the questionnaire was administered on the respondents. The data collected were statistically analyzed using Descriptive statistics of frequency, means and standard deviation to determine the average responses of the respondents, The Chi-square statistical technique was used to test the influence of the FIFA organized competitions, one sample t-test was used to determine whether the rated influence is considered statistically significant or not and One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for differences among the perception of the respondents on the influence of FIFA Organized Competitions on the attainment of Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria. The findings indicate that FIFA organized competitions have no significant influence on the eradication of poverty and hunger in Nigeria, FIFA organized competitions have no significant influence on achieving the objectives of Universal Primary Education of the Millennium Development Goals. It was therefore concluded that the activities of FIFA organized competitions have not helped in the promotion of gender equality and women empowerment in Nigeria.Combating HIV/AIDS in Nigeria within the Millennium Development Goals have no significant impact of the various activities involved in FIFA organized competitions. The Federal Government could exploit FIFA organized competition for promoting peace among ethnic and religious groupings thereby promoting the games in Nigeria.It was recommended that there is a need to develop more infrastructural facilities for FIFA organized competitions in Nigeria as this would pave ways for hosting the games. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover Page i Title Page ii Declaration iii Certification iv Dedication v Acknowledgements vi Abstract vii Table of Contents viii List of Tables xiii List of Figures xiv List of Abbreviations xvi Operational Definition of Terms xvii CHAPTER ONE:INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem 4 1.3 Purpose of the Study 5 1.4 Research Questions 6 1.5 Basic Assumptions 7 1.6 Hypothesis 8 1.6.1 Sub-hypotheses 8 1.7 Significance of the Study 9 1.8 Delimitation 10 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.0 Introduction 11 2.1 History and Development of FIFA 11 2.1.1 Post-War Expansion of FIFA 14 2.2 The History of FIFA since Inception 15 2.2.1 FIFAStructure 17 2.2.2 Recognitions and Awards 19 viii 2.2.3 Governance and Game Development 19 2.2.4 Discipline of National Associations 19 2.2.5 FIFA Anthem 20 2.2.6 2011 FIFA Presidential Election 21 2.2.7 Response to Allegations 22 2.3 Vision and Mission of FIFA 23 2.3.1 Vision of FIFA 23 2.3.2 Mission of FIFA 24 2.3.2.1 Developing Football Everywhere and for All 24 2.3.2.2 Organizing Inspiring Tournaments of FIFA 24 2.3.2.3 Caring about Society and the Environment 25 2.4 Strategic Planning and Objectives 25 2.5 Types of FIFA Tournaments 28 2.5.1 Eight FIFA Men‘s Tournaments 28 2.5.2 FIFA Women‘s Tournaments 28 2.5.3 Common FIFA Tournaments (for both genders) 28 2.6 FIFA Organized Competition for Promoting Global Peace 30 2.7 FIFA Organized Competition in Promoting UBE in Nigeria 42 2.8 FIFA Organized Competition forPromoting Sport and Physical Education in Achieving Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria 51 2.9 Theoretical Framework 61 2. 10 History of Millennium Development Goals 62 2.10.1 Monterrey Consensus 62 2.10.2 MDGs at the World Summit 62 2.11 Millennium Development Goals 64 2.12 The United Nations Eight (8) Millennium Development Goals 66 2.12.1 Eradication of Poverty and Hunger 66 2.12.2 Achieve the Universal Primary Education 66 2.12.3 Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women 66 2.12.4 Reduce Child Mortality 66 2.12.5 Improve Material Health 66 ix 2.12.6 Combat HIV and AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases 67 2.12.7 Ensure Environmental Sustainability 67 2.13 Contribution of FIFA to the Millennium Development Goals 67 2.13.1 Eradication of Poverty and Hunger 67 2.13.2 Achieve the Universal Primary Education 67 2.13.3 Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women 68 2.13.4 Reduce Child Mortality 68 2.13.5 Combat HIV and AIDS, Malaria and other Diseases 68 2.13.6 Ensure Environmental Sustainability 69 2.13.7 Develop a Global Partnership for Development 69 2.14 Chapter Summary 72 2.14.2 History and Development of FIFA 72 2.14.3 Types of FIFA Tournament 72 2.14.4 Vision and Mission of FIFA 73 2.14.5 Meaning of Millennium Development Goals 73 2.14.6 FIFA and Millennium Development Goals 73 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.0 Introduction 75 3.1 Research Design 75 3.2 Population 75 3.3 Sample and Sampling Technique 76 3.4 Instrumentation 77 3.5 Validation of the Instrument 78 3.6 Reliability of the Instrument 78 3.7 Procedure for Data Collection 79 3.8 Procedure for Data Analysis 79 CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Introduction 80 4.2 Descriptive Analysis of the Socio-demographic Characteristics 80 4.4 Test of Hypotheses 99 4.5 Summary of Findings 107 x 4.6 Discussion 108 CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5.1 Summary 113 5.1.1 Summary of Major Findings 114 5.2 Conclusions 115 5.3 Implication of the Study and Contribution to Knowledge 115 5.4 Limitations of the Study 115 5.5 Recommendations 116 5.6.