White papers for a green transition SMART CITIES Creating liveable, sustainable and prosperous societies INSIDE THIS WHITE PAPER Digitisation as a key enabler for smart cities Extracting value from data Sustainable smart city solutions Taking a holistic approach to waste, mobility, water, energy and buildings Smart partnerships Driving smart city development through innovative partnerships 2 SMART CITIES Creating liveable, sustainable and prosperous societies Version 1.0 May 2018 Front page photo Queen Louise's Bridge Photo: Martin Heiberg & Copenhagen Media Center Editor in chief State of Green Steering committee The Danish Intelligent Energy Alliance Helle Juhler-Verdoner, [email protected] Danish Energy Industries Sune Thorvildsen, [email protected] Gate 21 Lone Pie Kelstrup, [email protected] Ministry of Industry, Business and Financial Affairs Josefine Due, [email protected] Contributors AAB Allan Andreasen, [email protected] Aarhus University Martin Brynskov, [email protected] Aarhus Vand Anders Lynggard-Jensen, [email protected] Amager Ressource Center (ARC) Sune Martin Scheibye, [email protected] Banke Accessory Drives Philip Baxter, [email protected] Billund Vand Ole Johnsen, [email protected] C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group Simon Hansen, [email protected] City of Aarhus Birgitte Kjærgaard, [email protected] City of Copenhagen Lykke Leonardsen, [email protected] City of Copenhagen Marius Sylverstersen, [email protected] City of Copenhagen Mikkel Krogsgaard Niss, [email protected] CLEAN Sophia Grane R. Schroeder, [email protected] Copenhagen Solution Lab Marius Sylvestersen, [email protected] CPH City & Port Development Kristian Wederkinck Olesen, [email protected] DAKOFA, Waste & Resource Network Denmark Anders Gideon, [email protected] Danfoss Mikkel Thrane, [email protected] The Danish Electric Vehicle Alliance Søren Jakobsen, [email protected] Danish Energy Industries Federation Sune Thorvildsen, [email protected] The Danish Intelligent Energy Alliance Helle Juhler-Verdoner, [email protected] The Danish Intelligent Energy Alliance Jeppe Wraa Nielsen, [email protected] DTU Elektro Peter Bach Andersen, [email protected] DTU Environment Peter Steen Mikkelsen, [email protected] Gate 21 Kim Brostrøm, [email protected] Gate 21 Lone Pie Kelstrup, [email protected] Gate 21 Sif Enevold, [email protected] Green Tech Centre Dorthe Bramsen Clausen, [email protected] Kamstrup Steen Schelle Jensen, [email protected] Leapcraft Anne Cecilie Duus Kühnel, [email protected] LOOP City Vibeke Linde-Strandby, [email protected] Municipality of Middelfart Morten Westergaard, [email protected] NIRAS Klavs Høgh, [email protected] Project Zero Peter Rathje, [email protected] Radius Elnet Søren U. Schmidt, [email protected] RAH Lars Kristensenn, [email protected] Ramboll Anders Dyrelund, [email protected] Ramboll Water, Denmark Christian Nyerup Nielsen, [email protected] Schneider Electric Denmark Casper Højgaard, [email protected] State of Green Anne Vestergaard Andersen, [email protected] VEKS Lars Gullev, [email protected] Vestforbrændingen Morten Strandlod, [email protected] For more information To order copies of this white paper or receive information about other related publications, please contact State of Green at [email protected] Copyright State of Green 2018 EXecutive summarY 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Cities account for 70% of global CO2 emis- achieve a city’s goals of sustainable growth horizontal technical specifications across sions today. As the pace of urbanisation only and liveability. To do so, a solid foundation of the public and private spheres. Chapters quickens, cities face immense challenges basic digital structures have to be in place. 9-10 explore the potential of establishing related to sustainable waste management, This includes infrastructure, datahubs for smart, national and international partner- mobility, climate adaptation and energy. data sharing and standards for data security ships across sectors and stakeholders to and privacy. Chapters 1 and 2 of this white foster smart city innovation. However, as their political, economic and paper set the framework for the concept technological power grows, cities can ‘smart cities’ as well as address the role of Find inspiration for your harness this trend to act as leaders in the digitisation in this context. own smart city projects green transition and drivers of the green This white paper features lessons learned economy – contributing to solving the UN A holistic approach to developing from smart cities applying sustainable solu- Sustainable Development Goals. Cities sustainable smart cities tions. Through state-of-the-art case exam- need smart solutions to ensure that they Rather than addressing challenges of ples across waste management, mobility, are optimised for sustainable economic sustainable waste management, mobility, water, buildings, heating and cooling and activity, energy consumption and positive water, buildings, heating and cooling, and smart energy systems, the white paper environmental impacts. energy systems independently, substantial illustrates how taking a smart approach to economic and environmental gains can be urban development creates liveable, sus- Digitisation as a means made from adopting a more integrated and tainable and prosperous societies globally. to reach the goal holistic approach. Chapters 3-8 of this white It is meant to serve as a tool for inspiration Digital technology, both ICT and IT, is crucial paper address specific, green solutions for reaping the benefits of implementing to create smart cities that fuel sustainable related to each sector and demonstrate sustainable, smart city solutions in your city. development. For many years, cities have the potential of taking a cross-sectoral applied digital technology to solve major approach to these. metropolitan challenges, however the rate at which this adoption takes place is rapidly Smart partnerships increasing. The inherent complexity of building smart cities and societies implies a strong focus Creating smart cities is not an aim in itself. on both the development of new organisa- Being smart is only the means with which to tional structures and the establishment of Photo: Martin Heiberg & Copenhagen Media Center 4 Sharing Smart citY Solutions SHARING SMART CITY SOLUTIONS Many cities around the world have already achieved sizeable gains and undertaken substantial action to encourage sustainable growth and address climate change. Denmark wishes to keep taking an active role in helping to solve global challenges in cities. The Danish government and companies seek to stimulate the debate, spur partnerships and inspire others. It is of great priority for the Danish government to be a leading nation in promoting a sustainable world and contribute to the 11th UN Sustainable Development Goal on Sustainable Cities and Communities. By Brian Mikkelsen, Minister for Industry, Business and Financial Affairs Rapid urbanisation and consumption the quality of life of our citizens and the challenges facing cities across the world. coupled with increased greenhouse gas competitiveness of our companies. The smart city projects are those, which emissions and climate change poses great succeed in solving more than one problem challenges to cities on a global scale. There Sustainable business case at the same time. Such holistic solutions is an urgent need, as well as a great business Tapping into state-of-the-art technologies require close collaboration between au- potential, in embracing new technologies and solutions has never been more attain- thorities, utilities, organisations, private and rethinking patterns of producing, able. The rapid technological development and public companies and individuals both consuming and discarding resources. New we’ve experienced over the past few nationally and internationally. smart city solutions open up for possibilities decades will only continue to accelerate in to design, produce, consume and recirculate years to come, offering new smart city solu- Inspiring others resources in ways we have never seen tions based on digitisation and the use of Denmark wishes to take an active role in before. But to successfully gain from these Big Data. It is a common misperception that helping to solve global challenges in cities new solutions we need to rethink and do investments in sustainable, smart solutions and promote sustainable business models things differently – if we dare. exceed the costs of traditional urban plan- through leading by example, rather than ning. In Denmark, we already have proved advocating a one-size-fits-all model. With In Denmark we dare! We dare because we that this is not the case. Implementation this white paper, we wish to share the have a tradition of seeing opportunities of green, urban and smart solutions offers Danish lessons learned in the hope of not when presented to us, and take advantage strong business cases with short payback only inspiring others, but also to allow cities of them. As an innovative society we have times and high return on investment. to save valuable time and resources in their the ability to look into new needs and meet own transition. We believe that by doing them by putting the user in focus when Partnerships and holistic thinking so, mutually beneficial relationships and developing new solutions. As a green nation Innovating new, digital solutions in Denmark partnerships can arise assisting us all in we have developed great skills in pursuing