Islam in the Early Modern World Economy HSTAFM 162 Class 7.2 (2/16/16) H A of Islam Spreads 08–14 21/5/04 9:57 AM Page 54 H A of Islam Spreads 08–14 21/5/04 9:57 AM Page 55 H A of Islam Spreads 08–14 21/5/04 9:57 AM Page 55 HISTORICAL ATLAS OF THE ISLAMIC WORLD TRADE ROUTES c. 700–1500 TRADE ROUTES c. 700–1500 30° 15° 0° 15° LAPP REINDEER30° 45° 6060° 75° 90° 105° 120° 135° 150° 165° HERDERS Trade Routes and Empires Iceland - c. 1500 (Denmark) K R I A N R E I N D E E R H E R D R Y S I B E E R S Empires Routes A A 60° D E N 75° 90° 105° 120° 135° 150° 165° W E Portuguese Trading routes M W R S N O Trade Routes and Empires E Spanish Gold trade N 60° D c. 1500 I A N R E I N D E E R H E R RUSSIAS I B E R D E R S Empires Routes State society Silk road S I B I R T A T A R S Portuguese SCOTLAND Trading routes Other Spanish Gold trade TATARS ENGLAND POLAND- State society Silk road KAZAN HOLY LITHUANIAS I B I R T A T A R S Other E U R A ROMAN S I A N S T E P AINU HUNTER- ATLANTIC OCEAN N O G P E A N D EMPIRE A I D E S E R N I S T N O S GATHERERS A M A D S M O N G O L HUNGARY K H A S T R R K FRANCE Venice S A Astrakhan I R A T G 45 T A H ° T U S T K Z I Z K A L M Y U B Pisa O E U R A R E S I A N S R K AINU HUNTER- Marseille Rome T T E P P K S T Edirne E A N D D K A I VENICE O E S E R T O Tashkent GATHERERS S M Constantinople N O M M Chiwa O L S PAPAL A A D S A M O N G SPAIN Amalfi N N STATES Bursa E M S BukharaBukha K P I R Samarkand Kashgar Azores PORTUGAL I R E Denia G Ardabil Schar-i-SabzSc (Port.) Cordoba U H Tabriz S Merv KOREA N T Y K Algiers Tunis Z IzmirI Z Konya Lajazzo K A L M Almeria U Palermo Nishapurhapur B E Balkh A R Kairouan K S P ALGIERS K Mahdia Samarra A O Crete TashkentCyprus Damghanghan M U G H A J Tlemcen M Chiwa L Fez TUNISA Damascus Herat E MING N Baghdad SAFAVIDAVID M TIBET Meknes TripoliS Bukhara CHINESE TRIPOLI Samarkand JerusalemKashgar EMPIREP IRE Lahore P Marrakech Basra I I 30° Schar-i-Sabz S R KOREA EMPIRE MOROCCO Merv Cairo A L N A E hapur R A Delhi A BalkhSiwa M Canary Is. Sijilmasa A P (Spain) B IC A ghan M U G H A A RAJPUTANA J L N N Ghat Herat E MINGD AVID M MedinaTIBETO H Tropic of Cancer Kubra M MuscatMuscat IN C A M Lahore P A CHINESEDU Taiwan E L N P IRE Kambaya ST BURMESE O M I I D OMAN ATES A S R S EMPIRE BENGAL KINGDOMS PACIFIC OCEAN D L Mecca S E A Delhi GHARRAARRA Thana LAOS M Suakin FUNJ IC Goa ORISSA Timbuktu MAHRAAHRA PEGU A A RAJPUTANA (Portugal) N Cape Verde Is. N Sanaa NGH D Soba N 15° (Port.) O A HADRAMAUTMAUT A A SENEGAL S I KANEM- H Y Muscat IN YEMEN A M Cacheu Abeche DU VIJAYANAGARATaiwan MOSSI BORNU S BURMESE H (Portugal) OMAN DARFURKambaya TATES Aden Philippine MALI STATES HAUSA WADAI BENGAL KINGDOMS PACIFICT OCEAN Islands Zaila T STATES ARRA Thana LAOS CAMBODIA Kulum Mali U AKAN ADAL Y OYO AHRA Goa ETHIOPIAORISSA SAYLAN A (Portugal) PEGU A N Colombo Ceylon Benin N (Portugal) MAUT A A Galla Y ACEH BENIN M Elmina A (Portugal) VIJAYANAGARA Fernando Póo H Malacca DROMO Philippine (Portugal) (Port.) T Islands Mogadishu T MALACCA Borneo 0° CAMBODIA Kulum Mali U Lamu Y SAYLAN A INDIAN OCEAN Sumatra M A ColomboMombasa L LUBA Ceylon AYA New Guinea (Portugal)(Portugal) N IS LAMIC S CONGO LUNDA Zanzibar ACEH N STATE ISLAMIC Malacca Java CITY-STATES (Portugal) Timor MALACCA Borneo (Port.) AUSTRALIAN INDIAN OCEAN Sumatra M Madagascaragascar A ABORIGINAL 15° L HUNTER-GATHERERS AYA New Guinea N I SLAMIC N STATES 54 Java 55 Timor (Port.) AUSTRALIAN agascar ABORIGINAL HUNTER-GATHERERS 55 1492 • The year 1492 was marked by two interconnected events of great significance—the voyage of Columbus to the New World, and the finale of the Reconquista with the fall of Granada. • Early exploration of the New World was fundamentally tied to the experience of the Reconquista—Cortés for instance described Aztec temples as mezquitas (Arabic masğid “mosque” and their priests as alfaquí (Arabic faqīh, religious judge). Image from a dispersed Mughal album, painted by Manṣūr ca. 1612, one of several known turkeys from the reign of Jahangir. Victoria & Albert Museum, IM.135-1921 Fragment of Piri Reis’s World-Map of 1513, depicting the Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean, and the coastline of South America H A of Islam Spreads 08–14 21/5/04 9:57 AM Page 54 H A of Islam Spreads 08–14 21/5/04 9:57 AM Page 55 H A of Islam Spreads 08–14 21/5/04 9:57 AM Page 55 HISTORICAL ATLAS OF THE ISLAMIC WORLD TRADE ROUTES c. 700–1500 TRADE ROUTES c. 700–1500 30° 15° 0° 15° LAPP REINDEER30° 45° 6060° 75° 90° 105° 120° 135° 150° 165° HERDERS Trade Routes and Empires Iceland - c. 1500 (Denmark) K R I A N R E I N D E E R H E R D R Y S I B E E R S Empires Routes A A 60° D E N 75° 90° 105° 120° 135° 150° 165° W E Portuguese Trading routes M W R S N O Trade Routes and Empires E Spanish Gold trade N 60° D c. 1500 I A N R E I N D E E R H E R RUSSIAS I B E R D E R S Empires Routes State society Silk road S I B I R T A T A R S Portuguese SCOTLAND Trading routes Other Spanish Gold trade TATARS ENGLAND POLAND- State society Silk road KAZAN HOLY LITHUANIAS I B I R T A T A R S Other E U R A ROMAN S I A N S T E P AINU HUNTER- ATLANTIC OCEAN N O G P E A N D EMPIRE A I D E S E R N I S T N O S GATHERERS A M A D S M O N G O L HUNGARY K H A S T R R K FRANCE Venice S A Astrakhan I R A T G 45 T A H ° T U S T K Z I Z K A L M Y U B Pisa O E U R A R E S I A N S R K AINU HUNTER- Marseille Rome T T E P P K S T Edirne E A N D D K A I VENICE O E S E R T O Tashkent GATHERERS S M Constantinople N O M M Chiwa O L S PAPAL A A D S A M O N G SPAIN Amalfi N N STATES Bursa E M S BukharaBukha K P I R Samarkand Kashgar Azores PORTUGAL I R E Denia G Ardabil Schar-i-SabzSc (Port.) Cordoba U H Tabriz S Merv KOREA N T Y K Algiers Tunis Z IzmirI Z Konya Lajazzo K A L M Almeria U Palermo Nishapurhapur B E Balkh A R Kairouan K S P ALGIERS K Mahdia Samarra A O Crete TashkentCyprus Damghanghan M U G H A J Tlemcen M Chiwa L Fez TUNISA Damascus Herat E MING N Baghdad SAFAVIDAVID M TIBET Meknes TripoliS Bukhara CHINESE TRIPOLI Samarkand JerusalemKashgar EMPIREP IRE Lahore P Marrakech Basra I I 30° Schar-i-Sabz S R KOREA EMPIRE MOROCCO Merv Cairo A L N A E hapur R A Delhi A BalkhSiwa M Canary Is. Sijilmasa A P (Spain) B IC A ghan M U G H A A RAJPUTANA J L N N Ghat Herat E MINGD AVID M MedinaTIBETO H Tropic of Cancer Kubra M MuscatMuscat IN C A M Lahore P A CHINESEDU Taiwan E L N P IRE Kambaya ST BURMESE O M I I D OMAN ATES A S R S EMPIRE BENGAL KINGDOMS PACIFIC OCEAN D L Mecca S E A Delhi GHARRAARRA Thana LAOS M Suakin FUNJ IC Goa ORISSA Timbuktu MAHRAAHRA PEGU A A RAJPUTANA (Portugal) N Cape Verde Is. N Sanaa NGH D Soba N 15° (Port.) O A HADRAMAUTMAUT A A SENEGAL S I KANEM- H Y Muscat IN YEMEN A M Cacheu Abeche DU VIJAYANAGARATaiwan MOSSI BORNU S BURMESE H (Portugal) OMAN DARFURKambaya TATES Aden Philippine MALI STATES HAUSA WADAI BENGAL KINGDOMS PACIFICT OCEAN Islands Zaila T STATES ARRA Thana LAOS CAMBODIA Kulum Mali U AKAN ADAL Y OYO AHRA Goa ETHIOPIAORISSA SAYLAN A (Portugal) PEGU A N Colombo Ceylon Benin N (Portugal) MAUT A A Galla Y ACEH BENIN M Elmina A (Portugal) VIJAYANAGARA Fernando Póo H Malacca DROMO Philippine (Portugal) (Port.) T Islands Mogadishu T MALACCA Borneo 0° CAMBODIA Kulum Mali U Lamu Y SAYLAN A INDIAN OCEAN Sumatra M A ColomboMombasa L LUBA Ceylon AYA New Guinea (Portugal)(Portugal) N IS LAMIC S CONGO LUNDA Zanzibar ACEH N STATE ISLAMIC Malacca Java CITY-STATES (Portugal) Timor MALACCA Borneo (Port.) AUSTRALIAN INDIAN OCEAN Sumatra M Madagascaragascar A ABORIGINAL 15° L HUNTER-GATHERERS AYA New Guinea N I SLAMIC N STATES 54 Java 55 Timor (Port.) AUSTRALIAN agascar ABORIGINAL HUNTER-GATHERERS 55 “And it is said that they are providing the Sultan with everything he needs to know about how to prepare a fleet to send to the Red Sea, and that because of them he is now very knowledgeable about the Kingdom of Portugal and the capabilities of its king to such an extent that the Sultan is now preparing an even larger force than he previously intended.” —Portuguese report concerning the activities of Venetian merchants in Egypt, ca.