INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY 5th POST GRADUATE SEMINAR 1/5-15/6/1997 9th INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR FOR SPORT JOURNALISTS 20-25/5/1997 3rd JOINT INTERNATIONAL SESSION FOR EDUCATIONISTS AND STAFF OF HIGHER INSTITUTES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION 5-12/6/1997 ANCIENT OLYMPIA Published and edited by the International Olympic Academy Scientific supervisor: Konstantinos Georgiadis/IOA Dean Athens 1998 EPHORIA OF THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY President Nikos FILARETOS (I.O.C. Member) 1st Vice-Président Sotiris YAGAS 2nd Vice-Président Georgios MOISSIDIS Konstantinos Dean GEORGIADIS Lambis Member ex-officio NIKOLAOU (I.O.C. Member) Members Dimitris DIATHESSOPOULOS Georgios GEROLIMBOS loannis THEODORAKOPOULOS Epaminondas KIRIAZIS Cultural Consultant Panagiotis GRÁVALOS Honorary President Juan Antonio SAMARANCH Honorary Vice-Président Nikolaos YALOURIS 3 I.O.C. COMMISSION FOR THE INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC ACADEMY AND OLYMPIC EDUCATION President Vice- Nikos FILARETOS IOC Member in Greece Président Carol Ann LETHEREN IOC Member in Canada Members Freddy SERPIERIS Fernando Ferreira Lima BELLO IOC Member in Portugal Ivan DIBOS IOC Member in Peru Francis NYANGWESO IOC Member in Uganda Mohamed ZERGUINI IOC Member in Algeria Representativs Abdul Muttaleb AHMAD Representative of NOCs Rene ROCH Representative of IFs Dieter LANDSBERG-VELEN Representative of IFs Philippe RIBOUD Representative of Athletes Individual Members Helen BROWNLEE (Australia) Conrado DURANTEZ (Spain) JipKIM (Korea) Lia MANOLIU (Romania) Prof. Norbert MUELLER (Germany) Vasco LYNCE (Portugal) 4 PROLOGUE The publication of this IOA Report is part of the efforts made by the Ephoria of the Academy to ensure that the proceedings of the Academy's sessions and seminars will reach all those concerned, as well as sports organizations belonging to the Olympic Movement. This Report contains the proceedings of the three events which were organized in the lOA's facilities in the summer of 1997, i.e. the 5th Postgraduate Seminar (1/5-15/6-1997), the 9th International Seminar for Sports Journalists (20-25/5/1997) and the 3d Joint Session for Educationists and Directors of Higher Physical Education Institutions (5-12/6/1997). The 5th Postgraduate Seminar was attended by 32 students from 24 countries. In addition to its academic aspect, the seminar skillfully combined educational visits to archaeological sites and events in order to allow participants to become acquainted with major archae- ological places, the site of ancient panhellenic contests, which would be the subject of their scientific work during the seminar and also to introduce them to the modern Olympic Movement. The seminar consisted of four series of lectures. The first, on the subject of the Olympic Games, sports in Ancient Greece and physical exercise in other ancient cultures, was presented by Professors I.Weiler (AUT) and A.Kalpaxis (GRE). The second series, which was developed by Professors R. Barney (CAN), K. Lennartz (GER) and J. Lucas (USA), was devoted to the history of the revival of the Olympic Games and the modern Olympic Movement. The third lecture series considered the Games phenomenon from a sociological viewpoint with lectures by Professors K. Weis (GER) and R. Beamish (CAN). The fourth and last series included lectures which focused on issues related to the philosophy and ethics of the Olympic Games, under the supervision of Professor J. Parry (GBR). In addition, students presented their papers on Olympic education, sponsoring at the Olym- pic Games and the environment and its relation to the Olympic Games. The seminar also included lectures by Invited lecturers, I. Mouratidis (GRE), A. Panagopoulos (GRE) and D. Young (USA), as well as pres- entations by the students and discussions in working groups. 5 At the end of the seminar, depending on the scientific object of their work, participants presented the conclusions of that particular course unit which, together with the abstracts of participants' papers are also published in this Report. The scientific and academic level of all students was high. The physical education institutions and the professors who work with the Academy attach special importance to the selection of the students. With its postgraduate seminar, in addition to its other educational events, the Academy provides a comprehensive and intensive 45-day course on Olympic studies, to young students from all over the world. The unique experience which students enjoy at the Academy will stay with them for the rest of their lives. For the Academy this is an exceptional opportunity to initiate these young people to the real values of Olympism. The total of about 300 hours of intensive courses at Olympia corresponds to a full academic year. The postgraduate semi- nar's diploma is signed by the President of the IOC, J.A. Samaranch. The 3d Joint session for Educationists and Higher Physical Edu- cation Institutions that was held in the lOA's facilities was also very successful, thanks to the outstanding contributions of participants. The theme of the Session, "Ethics in sports and the Olympic Games" was extremely interesting at a time when criticism against the Olympic Movement is becoming stronger. All participants were actively involved in the proceedings; the lectures were all outstanding and gave rise to lively and interesting discussions. Participants referred to the need for more democracy in sport. They also stressed the fact that more weight should be given to educational issues within the Olympic Movement. They also proposed that an "Ethics Commission" should be set up by the IOA which would elaborate a code of conduct for the Olympic Movement. The publication of this Report responds to the request that was made by participants to the Ephoria of the IOA to publish the pres- entations of the lecturers which are of high scientific value. During the Session a wonderful social evening was organized which was attended by most participants together with the postgraduate students. Both groups performed modern and traditional songs and dances from their respective countries and the whole event was quite a success. The Session lecturers were: Mr Thomas Giannakis (GRE), Mr Ioannis Zervas (GRE), Mr Jim Parry (GBR), Mr Hai Ren (CHN), Mr Ronnie Lidor (ISR), Mrs Doris Corbett (USA), Mr Mike McNamce (GBR), Mr 6 Mark Maes (BEL), Mr Dimitris Panagiotopoulos (GRE). In all, there were 102 participants from 53 countries (63 men, 29 women, 1 guest and 9 lecturers). As part of its educational activities aimed at sports journalists, the IOA also organized this year the 9th International Seminar for Sports Journalists. This seminar is held every two years. The 9th Seminar for Sports Journalists was attended by 48 journalists from an equal number of countries. The Seminar was chaired by IOA President and IOC member Nikos Filaretos. This year's special theme was The Olympic Games of the XXVth Olympiad and the Mass Media". The six lecturers developed the following topics related to the Olympic Movement: The ideals of Olympism and the work of the IOA" (Kostas Georgiadis, GRE/ IOA), "Olympism in the 19th century and its precursors" (Petros Linardos, GRE/Sports Historian and Journalist) and "Media ethics and the role and duties of sports journalists" (Prof. Jae Won Lee, USA), The Atlanta experience and press functions at future Olympics" (A. Billouin, FRA), The electronic media at the Olympic Games (A. Metcalfe, GBR). The lecture cycle closed with a presentation on The development of journalism at the Olympic Games" (A. Luzenfichter, FRA). The journalists who attended the 9th Session also had the opportunity to expand their knowledge about the Olympic Movement and its history and obtain information on media technology and the organization of press offices to cover the Olympics. Ideas and proposals were presented concerning the Sydney Games. The discussion groups which were formed on the IOA's initiative arrived at valuable conclusions. It should be noted that all participants and invited lecturers without exception who attend the IOA's sessions are extremely appreciative of its work. For all it is a unique opportunity to meet with colleagues from all over the world, work together and exchange views on sport and the Olympic Movement in Olympia, the cradle of Olympism. Kostas GEORGIADIS Dean of the IOA 7 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS LECTURERS Konstantinos GEORGIADIS 4 Kapsali Street Dean, International Olympic 106 74 Athens, HELLAS Academy Prof. Dr. Robert K. BARNEY The University of Western Director, Centre for Olympic Ontario, London, CANADA Studies, Thames Hall N6A 3K7 Prof. Dr. Rob BEAMISH Queen's University Associate Dean (studies) Kingston, Ontario CANADA K7L 3N6 Prof. Dr. Athanasios KALPAXIS Markou Botsari 3A 14561 Kato Kifisia Athens, HELLAS Prof. Dr. Karl LENNARTZ Olympische Forschungs- Director, Carl and Liselott statte der Deutschen Diem-Archivs Sporthochschule Köln Carl-Diem-Weg 6 50933 Köln GERMANY or Sperlingsweg 16 53757 Sankt Augustin GERMANY Prof. Dr. John LUCAS 109 White Building The Pennsylvania State University University Park Department of Exercise and PA 16802-3903 Sport Science U.S.A. College of Health and Human Development Prof. Dr. Andreas PANAGOPOULOS 72 Iroon Polytechniou Professor of the University of Athens 157 72 Athens, (Zografou) HELLAS Prof. Dr. Jim PARRY University of Leeds Head of the Department of Philosophy Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Prof. Dr. Ingomar WEILER 8010 Graz, Universitatsplatz 3 Institut fur Alte Geschichte und AUSTRIA Altertumskunde an der Karl-Franzens-Universitaet 8 Prof. Dr. Kurt WEIS Lothstrasse 17 Institute of Social Sciences D-80335 Muenchen GERMANY, or private Georg-Bader-Strasse 18B D-82319 Starnberg GERMANY Prof. Dr. David YOUNG University 3C Dauer Hall of Florida College of Liberal Arts P.O. Box 117435 and Sciences Department of Gainsville, FL 32611-7435 Classics U.S.A. Mr. Alberto REPPOLD Faculty of Education Research Student Physical Education and Sport Centre, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK ASSISTANT COORDINATOR Ms. Cora McCLOY 146 Geoffrey Street Toronto Ontario M6R 2P5 CANADA e-mail: cora, mccloy @utoronto.ca PARTICIPANTS Ms. Melissa AGGERTT-WHITTEMORE 3401 N.W.