AN ANALYTICAL and DESCRIPTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY STUDY of MEDIAEVAL ENGLISH DOCUMENTATION Elena Alfaya

AN ANALYTICAL and DESCRIPTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY STUDY of MEDIAEVAL ENGLISH DOCUMENTATION Elena Alfaya

The Grove P. 1 The Grove P. 3 The Grove Working Papers on English Studies Número 12 2005 Grupo de Investigación HUM. 0271 de la Junta de Andalucía The Grove P. 4 THE GROVE, WORKING PAPERS ON ENGLISH STUDIES Editor Concepción Soto Palomo Assistant Editor Yolanda Caballero Aceituno General Editor Carmelo Medina Casado Editorial Board J. Benito Sánchez, E. Demetriou, J. Díaz Pérez, M. C. Garrido Hornos, J. A. George, A. Lázaro Lafuente, J. López-Peláez Casellas, N. McLaren, J. M. Nieto García, E. Olivares Medina, J. Olivares Medina, N. Pascual Soler, J. Ráez Padilla, J. Talvet, B. Valverde Jiménez Scientific Board Juan Fernández Jiménez (Penn State University) Francisco García Tortosa (University of Sevilla) J. A. George (University of Dundee) Santiago González Fernández-Corugedo (University of Oviedo) Miguel Martínez López (University of Valencia) Gerardo Piña Rosales (City University of New York) Fred C. Robinson (Yale University) James Simpson (University of Cambridge) Jüri Talvet (Universidad de Tartu, Estonia) Style Supervisor Elizabeth Anne Adams Edita ©: Grupo de Investigación Hum. 0271 de la Junta de Andalucía Front cover design: David Medina Sánchez Diseño de cubierta: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Jaén Depósito Legal: J-689-2005 I.S.S.N.: 1137-00SX Indexed in MLA and CINDOC Difusión: Publicaciones de la Universidad de Jaén Vicerrectorado de Extensión Universitaria Paraje de Las Lagunillas, s/n - Edificio 8 23071 JAÉN Teléfono 953 21 23 55 Impreso por: Gráficas “La Paz” de Torredonjimeno, S. L. Avda. de Jaén, s/n 23650 TORREDONJIMENO (Jaén) Teléfono 953 57 10 87 - Fax 953 52 12 07 The Grove P. 5 FOREWORD We would like to express our gratitude and appreciation to all those who have contributed to this and previous editions of the Grove, by submitting their articles, reviews, and literary contributions. Without all these valuable academic contributions we certainly would not now be publishing this 12th edition of this journal. In an attempt to improve the quality of the journal we intend to open the field to contributions from other countries including United States, Canada, and Europe. In addition, in order to facilitate the work of authors in presenting their articles, we are simplifying and unifying the requirements for publication by adopting the norms established by the MLA. With this idea of giving more quality to the journal from now on, the cover will be laminated, which we hope will also make it more durable and more pleasing to handle. We sincerely hope that this journal will continue to provide a source of inspiration and a meeting point of ideas for those who wish to pursue their studies in the area of English Philology. The Editor The Grove P. 6 The Grove P. 7 INDEX ARTICLES AN ANALYTICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY STUDY OF MEDIAEVAL ENGLISH DOCUMENTATION Elena Alfaya. 9 CONTEMPORARY IRISH POETRY: ACTUAL PLACES AND TERRITORIES OF THE MIND José Miguel Alonso Giráldez. 27 ‘DISCOURSE AND SOCIETY’ AS A CONCEPT USED AND MISUSED IN DISCOURSE ANALYSIS Dolores Fernández Martínez. 37 “GOOD NIGHT SWEET PRINCESS”: THE PROBLEM OF FILM ADAPTATION. ASTA NIELSEN’S HAMLET Pedro Manuel Jiménez Gallego. 59 THE CHORAL GOWER IN PERICLES: “LEARN OF ME, WHO STAND I’ TH’ GAPS TO TEACH YOU” Daniel Kempton. 81 THEOPOETIC EXPRESSION IN TERMS OF EMBLEM AS REFLECTED IN JOHN DONNE’S SERMONS . Jadvyga Krûminiene. 91 MONSIGNOR QUIXOTE: WRITING/RIDING WITH THE ‘ANCESTORS’ Rama Kundu. 115 “I FOUND IT ON THE WEB”: RESEARCH IN ENGLISH STUDIES IN THE DIGITAL FUTURE Archie K. Loss. 141 LA SOMBRA JUNGUIANA EN “THE MINISTER’S BLACK VEIL” Y “YOUNG GOODMAN BROWN” DE NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE Carlos Javier Madrid Jurado. 151 “ABSTRACT STRUCTURES AND CONNECTIVE PATTERNS”: SCIENCE AND FICTION IN DON DELILLO’S RATNER’S STAR Paula Martín Salván. 171 A PORTRAIT OF THE ARTIST AS YOUNG FAUSTUS: THOMAS WOLFE’S OF TIME AND THE RIVER Amélie Moisy. 187 The Grove P. 8 SEARCH FOR THE LITERARY UNIVERSAL: INDIA AND THE WEST Mohit K. Ray. 201 BOOK REVIEW EL BISTURÍ INGLÉS. LITERATURA DE VIAJES E HISPANISMOS EN LENGUA INGLESA. C. Medina Casado y J. Ruiz Mas, (eds.) Julio Olivares Merino. 217 POEMS Frank Sewell. (Back Cover) An Analytical and Descriptive Bibliography Study of Mediaeval English... P. 9 AN ANALYTICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY STUDY OF MEDIAEVAL ENGLISH DOCUMENTATION Elena Alfaya F. Humanidades (Biblioteconomía y Documentación) Universidade da Coruña Abstract The main purpose of this article is to show that mediaeval palaeography, book-making and calligraphy let us return Middle English works to a context just because each manuscript involves a unique contextualization. A part of the scholars seem to be making use just of critical editions as a basis for their research, to date. Still to be clarified are the implications on research outputs. It is our goal to raise awareness about misinformation and even misinterpretation from scholars avoiding facsimile editions, microfiches or the real manuscript itself. Dyes, inks, writing materials, book formats, scripts and scribal hands are essential to understanding the original text. Only they can bring to light information impossible to find in a critical edition. This being so, we have considered them important specifics. We would like to emphasize that where we are able to see handwriting in its ancient and authentic form, we can find information. This being so, the apparatus criticus might not be enough for some researchers. The way out might be found continuing the process of accumulating knowledge by seeking it wherever it might be found, seeking other texts, the extant and real ones, in any appropriate format. New versions differ from the originals in some six thousand places. They are several times further removed from the originals than the King James Version Dr. Wilbur Pickering The Grove 2005. Nº 12 P. 10 Elena Alfaya Trying to learn about mediaeval manuscripts and their scribes, we find that no usable critical editions1 exist for the purpose of some types of research. Think for instance on looking for the geographical origins of mediaeval England documentation by means of lexicometrics and the analysis of spelling in poetry, on the study of individual scribal hands or on a study of the inks. This being so, we may not avail ourselves of printed information for some types of research since a good part of the spelling system of the extant manuscript may be never integrated into the edition.2 Besides, a critical apparatus would leave us wholly dependent on the editors’ judgement. At this point, the researcher may begin to think about palaeography and manuscripts. They may seem enigmatic, far-out and even disagreeable stuff for anyone coming to them with a contemporary print making mind. Notwithstanding this, the unappealing after-effect can become totally productive, rich and fruitful since it implies a first and last object, a unique production, a one and only manuscript that can be studied on its own by means of microfilms, microfiches, facsimile or digitalized editions, the manuscript itself and so on. In addition, a manuscript is a one-off work of art and it is just because of this that it reveals special, proper, exclusive and distinctive information in the way any other work of art does. Once we get to know palaeography and calligraphy, we can also learn to place a Mediaeval English text in space and time, and even to assign it to a particular author if we are lucky enough. And this is what has made some researchers remain captivated and fascinated with mediaeval palaeography, book-making3 and calligraphy; it is that it lets us return Middle English works to a context just because each manuscript involves an unrepeated and unique contextualization, because each and every manuscript is an individual and extraordinary work of art. We should not underestimate the efforts and difficulties these artists faced. An effort that has turned to be useful for medievalists since the abiding 1 There are obviously good critical editions of mediaeval works but when doing research on the place of origin of a manuscript, for instance, they are not totally trustworthy since they do not exactly reproduce original spellings. 2 Notwithstanding this, a critical edition and its apparatus criticus might be really useful for academics interested in literary questions because of its rich introduction, the editor’s attempt to give a translation and its notes. 3 The term “book-making”, and not current “bookbinding”, will be used in this paper due to the period we are dealing with. An Analytical and Descriptive Bibliography Study of Mediaeval English... P. 11 manuscripts offer at least the following evidence: the linguistic and spelling information within the text, the individual scribal hands and other hands within the text which come in useful not only for ownership studies but also for dialect mixture ones. It is our aim in this essay to apprise the reader of new forms of art and consequently, of historical explanation, to meet the need. This paper has been regarded as a description of the essential characteristics of book production and calligraphy. It has been planned as an analytical4 and descriptive5 bibliographic study6 of mediaeval England documentation. It is not our goal to suggest avoiding critical editions since they are really useful for some types of studies. However, all the information we are about to describe in this paper can be only brought to light by means of facsimile editions, microfilms, microfiches or the real manuscript itself. This is then, a defence grounded upon the untrustworthiness of texts underlying translations. It is our hope that those who follow their way through the paper will acquire a clear understanding of the various stages of handwriting as well as of the writing materials. We aim at encouraging readers to see and let themselves become captivated by manuscripts themselves, by this form of art because it is this that reveals knowledge we would not possibly find in an edition.

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