Perspectives on information structure in Austronesian languages Edited by Sonja Riesberg Asako Shiohara Atsuko Utsumi language Studies in Diversity Linguistics 21 science press Studies in Diversity Linguistics Editor: Martin Haspelmath In this series: 1. Handschuh, Corinna. A typology of marked-S languages. 2. Rießler, Michael. Adjective attribution. 3. Klamer, Marian (ed.). The Alor-Pantar languages: History and typology. 4. Berghäll, Liisa. A grammar of Mauwake (Papua New Guinea). 5. Wilbur, Joshua. A grammar of Pite Saami. 6. Dahl, Östen. Grammaticalization in the North: Noun phrase morphosyntax in Scandinavian vernaculars. 7. Schackow, Diana. A grammar of Yakkha. 8. Liljegren, Henrik. A grammar of Palula. 9. Shimelman, Aviva. A grammar of Yauyos Quechua. 10. Rudin, Catherine & Bryan James Gordon (eds.). Advances in the study of Siouan languages and linguistics. 11. Kluge, Angela. A grammar of Papuan Malay. 12. Kieviet, Paulus. A grammar of Rapa Nui. 13. Michaud, Alexis. Tone in Yongning Na: Lexical tones and morphotonology. 14. Enfield, N. J. (ed.). Dependencies in language: On the causal ontology of linguistic systems. 15. Gutman, Ariel. Attributive constructions in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic. 16. Bisang, Walter & Andrej Malchukov (eds.). Unity and diversity in grammaticalization scenarios. 17. Stenzel, Kristine & Bruna Franchetto (eds.). On this and other worlds: Voices from Amazonia. 18. Paggio, Patrizia and Albert Gatt (eds.). The languages of Malta. 19. Seržant, Ilja A. & Alena Witzlack-Makarevich (eds.). Diachrony of differential argument marking. 20. Hölzl, Andreas. A typology of questions in Northeast Asia and beyond: An ecological perspective. 21. Riesberg, Sonja, Asako Shiohara & Atsuko Utsumi (eds.). Perspectives on information structure in Austronesian languages. ISSN: 2363-5568 Perspectives on information structure in Austronesian languages Edited by Sonja Riesberg Asako Shiohara Atsuko Utsumi language science press Sonja Riesberg, Asako Shiohara & Atsuko Utsumi (eds.). 2018. Perspectives on information structure in Austronesian languages (Studies in Diversity Linguistics 21). Berlin: Language Science Press. This title can be downloaded at: http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/201 © 2018, the authors Published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Licence (CC BY 4.0): http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ISBN: 978-3-96110-108-5 (Digital) 978-3-96110-109-2 (Hardcover) ISSN: 2363-5568 DOI:10.5281/zenodo.1402571 Source code available from www.github.com/langsci/201 Collaborative reading: paperhive.org/documents/remote?type=langsci&id=201 Cover and concept of design: Ulrike Harbort Typesetting: Wataru Okubo Proofreading: Amir Ghorbanpour, Bev Erasmus, Bonny Sands, Elizabeth Zeitoun, Ikmi Nur Oktavianti, Jeffrey Pheiff, Jeroen van de Weijer, Joseph Lovestrand, Mykel Brinkerhoff, Natsuko Nakagawa, Prisca Jerono, and Vadim Kimmelman Fonts: Linux Libertine, Libertinus Math, Arimo, DejaVu Sans Mono Typesetting software:Ǝ X LATEX Language Science Press Unter den Linden 6 10099 Berlin, Germany langsci-press.org Storage and cataloguing done by FU Berlin Contents Preface and Acknowledgements iii I Information status and NP marking 1 Referential cohesion in Bunun: A comparison of two genres Rik De Busser 3 2 Stance, categorisation, and information structure in Malay František Kratochvíl, Nur Izdihar Binte Ismail & Diyana Hamzah 41 3 Attention focus and information packaging in Vera'a demonstratives Stefan Schnell 81 4 Two definite markers in Manado Malay Asako Shiohara & Anthony Jukes 115 II Information structure and syntactic constructions 5 Information structure in Sembiran Balinese I Wayan Arka & I Nyoman Sedeng 139 6 Constituent order and information structure in Indonesian discourse Dwi Noverini Djenar 177 7 Austronesian predication and the emergence of biclausal clefts in Indonesian languages Daniel Kaufman 207 8 The role of information structure for morphosyntactic choices in Tagalog Anja Latrouite & Arndt Riester 247 9 Information structure in Sumbawa: A QUD analysis Arndt Riester & Asako Shiohara 285 Contents 10 Preposed NPs in Seediq Naomi Tsukida 313 III Information structure and prosody 11 Some preliminary observations on prosody and information structure in Austronesian languages of Indonesia and East Timor Nikolaus P. Himmelmann 347 12 Focus and prosody in Tagalog Naonori Nagaya & Hyun Kyung Hwang 375 13 On the perception of prosodic prominences and boundaries in Papuan Malay Sonja Riesberg, Janina Kalbertodt, Stefan Baumann & Nikolaus P. Himmelmann 389 Index 415 ii Preface and Acknowledgements Information structure is a relatively new field to linguistics and has only recently been studied for smaller and less described languages. This book brings together contribu- tions on information structure in Austronesian languages, covering all subgroups of the large Austronesian family (including Formosan, Central Malayo-Polynesian, South Halmahera-West New Guinea, and Oceanic). Its major focus, though, lies on Western Malayo-Polynesian languages. A number of chapters investigate two of the largest lan- guages of the region, i.e. Tagalog and (different varieties of) Malay, others study infor- mation structural phenomena in smaller, underdescribed languages. The book emerged from a series of workshops on information structure in Austronesian languages between 2013 and 2016 that were organized by Atsuko Utsumi (Meisei University) and Asako Shiohara (Tokyo University of Foreign Studies) and which took place at the Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), Tokyo University of Foreign Studies. The book is divided into three major parts, which roughly reflect the different topics of these workshops. Part one subsumes chapters on the topic of NPmark- ing and reference tracking devices. In part two, contributions investigate how syntactic constructions, such as, for example, cleft constructions or passives, may reflect differ- ent information structural categories. Finally, the third part studies the interaction of information structure and prosody. We gratefully acknowledge the generous funding of the Linguistic Dynamics Science Project 2 (Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo Uni- versity of Foreign Studies (2013-2015AY), principal investigator: Toshihide Nakayama) which made it possible to hold the workshops in the first place and to invite its partici- pants to come to Tokyo. During the process of editing this book, SR has been supported through the Volkswagen Foundation, the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the SFB 1252 “Prominence in Language” at the University of Cologne, and by the Australian Research Council (ARC) within the “Centre of Excellence for the Dynamics of Language” at the Australian National University. AS received funding through the Linguistic Dy- namics Science 3 program (LingDy3) and the JSPS project “A collaborative network for usage-based research on less-studied languages.” We want to thank all of the contributors for the good collaboration. Special thanks to those who helped us with the internal reviewing process. For external reviewing we would like to express our gratitude to Sander Adelaar, Laura Arnold, Abigail Cohn, Carmen Dawuda, Michael Ewing, Katja Jasinskaja, Kurt Malcher, Gabriele Schwiertz, Aung Si, Volker Unterladstetter, and Akira Utsugi. Maria Bardají Farré, Lena Rennert, Preface and Acknowledgements and Katherine Walker have helped with some of the editorial work and proof reading, and Wataru Okubo has done a wonderful job in converting the manuscripts into LaTeX and preparing them for publication. A big thank you also to Sachiko Yoshida for doing all the admin work for the workshops and other volume-related issues. Sonja Riesberg, Köln Asako Shiohara, Tokyo Atsuko Utsumi, Tokyo iv Part I Information status and NP marking Chapter 1 Referential cohesion in Bunun: A comparison of two genres Rik De Busser National Chengchi University This chapter investigates how referential expressions are involved in establishing andmain- taining textual cohesion in Bunun, an Austronesian language of Taiwan, and how this be- haviour varies across genres. Relying on a model of referential cohesion inspired by sys- temic-functional grammar, it explores differences and similarities for encoding referential continuity across sentence boundaries in oral and narrative text. It concludes that, contrary to initial expectation, and despite considerable formal differences in how referential expres- sions are realized, at a more fundamental level the properties of referential cohesion are unexpectedly stable across genres. 1 Introduction 1.1 Cohesion Now more than four decades ago, Halliday & Hasan (1976) published their seminal work on the linguistic subsystem that helps creating coherent text by establishing connec- tions between related semantic elements in that text. More specifically, it is “a set of lexi- cogrammatical systems that have evolved specifically as a resource for making it possible to transcend the boundaries of the clause — that is, the domain of the highest-ranking grammatical unit” (Halliday & Matthiessen 2004: 532). They referred to this subsystem as cohesion and to the connections as cohesive ties, and described it as the set of “rela- tions of meaning that exist within the text, and that define it as text” (Halliday & Hasan 1976: 4). This means that its realization is not confined by clause or other grammatical boundaries, but typically operates on the scale of text or discourse. It also implies