Concordia Seminary - Saint Louis Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation Concordia Seminary Scholarship Winter 12-18-2020 PARECHESIS IN THE UNDISPUTED PAULINE EPISTLES DEFINITION, IDENTIFICATION, AND DISCOVERY Kevin Gingrich [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.csl.edu/phd Part of the Biblical Studies Commons Recommended Citation Gingrich, Kevin, "PARECHESIS IN THE UNDISPUTED PAULINE EPISTLES DEFINITION, IDENTIFICATION, AND DISCOVERY" (2020). Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation. 86. https://scholar.csl.edu/phd/86 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Concordia Seminary Scholarship at Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctor of Philosophy Dissertation by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PARECHESIS IN THE UNDISPUTED PAULINE EPISTLES DEFINITION, IDENTIFICATION, AND DISCOVERY A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, Department of Exegetical Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Kevin L. Gingrich March, 2020 Approved by: Dr. James W. Voelz Dissertation Advisor Dr. Jeffrey A. Gibbs Reader Dr. David R. Schmitt Reader © 2020 by Kevin L. Gingrich. All rights reserved. ii To Dr. James Voelz, for his wise advice, scholarly example, scrupulous attention to detail, and unflagging enthusiasm for my project; and to Dr. Beth Hoeltke for her professionalism and essential aid in ensuring its completion; and to Dr. Kevin Armbrust, for his friendship and impeccable editing. iii ὁ ἔχων ὦτα ἀκουέτω. “He who has ears, let him hear.” Matt 11:15 iv CONTENTS TABLES ................................................................................................................................ xiii ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................... xiv ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ xviii CHAPTER ONE ..................................................................................................................... 19 INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION OF PARECHESIS ............................................ 19 ARISTOTLE’S ARS RHETORICA: Τὰ ΠΑΡὰ ΓΡάΜΜΑ ΣΚΏΜΜΑΤΑ ....................... 19 HERMOGENES ............................................................................................................ 21 POSSIBLE CONFUSION: PARONOMASIA ................................................................ 24 THE THESIS ................................................................................................................. 26 CHAPTER TWO .................................................................................................................... 27 THE BROADER CONTEXT: A HISTORY OF FIGURES OF SOUNDPLAY IN NEW TESTAMENT EXEGESIS ............................................................................................. 27 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 27 THE CHRISTIAN ERA ................................................................................................. 28 The Assumptions of Modern New Testament Rhetorical Criticism ........................ 28 The Church Fathers ............................................................................................... 31 The Latin Church Fathers.............................................................................. 31 The Greek Fathers......................................................................................... 32 Donatus and Jerome ...................................................................................... 35 The Medieval Authors ........................................................................................... 36 Diomedes (Late Fourth Century) ................................................................... 36 Cassiodorus (AD 485‒585) ........................................................................... 36 The Venerable Bede...................................................................................... 37 v East and West: Two Divergent Streams ................................................................. 39 The East ................................................................................................................ 40 Hermogenes .................................................................................................. 40 Eustathius (AD 1199) ................................................................................... 42 The West: The Reformation and the Convergence of Greek and Latin Streams ...... 43 George Trebizond (1395‒1472) and the Reintroduction of Hermogenes ....... 44 The Manuals: Pre-Reformation and Reformation ................................................... 44 Mancinelli (1493) ......................................................................................... 46 Erasmus (1511) ............................................................................................. 47 Mosellanus (1516) ........................................................................................ 47 Melanchthon (1519 and following) ............................................................... 51 Susenbrotus (1540) ....................................................................................... 54 Soarez (1562) ............................................................................................... 55 Ramus, Talon (1548), Fraunce (1588) ........................................................... 55 Conclusion to Reformation Treatises ..................................................................... 57 English Treatises: Reformation to the Twentieth Century ...................................... 58 Leonard Cox (1532) ...................................................................................... 59 Richard Sherry (1550)................................................................................... 59 Thomas Swynnerton (c. 1537) ...................................................................... 61 Benjamin Keach (1682) ................................................................................ 62 John Holmes (1755) ...................................................................................... 63 G. W. Hervey (1873) .................................................................................... 63 English Works from the Last Quarter of the Nineteenth Century............................ 66 vi J. B. Lightfoot (1869).................................................................................... 66 William Farrar (1879) ................................................................................... 67 Joseph B. Mayor (1892) ................................................................................ 68 Bullinger (1899) and the End of the Nineteenth Century ............................... 68 Post-Reformation German Treatises: 1625 to the Twentieth Century ..................... 71 Salomon Glassius (1625) .............................................................................. 72 Johann Bengel (1742, 1858) .......................................................................... 73 Johann Wettstein (1751) ............................................................................... 74 George Benedikt Winer (1821) ..................................................................... 76 Christian Gottlob Wilke (1843) ..................................................................... 77 G. W. Hopf (1883) ........................................................................................ 80 Friedrich Blass (1896–1961) ......................................................................... 81 Johannes Weiss (1897) ................................................................................. 82 Rudolph Bultmann (1910)............................................................................. 83 Heinrici and Norden (1887–1915) ................................................................. 83 Gustav Adolph Deissmann—Licht vom Osten (1908) ................................... 85 Conclusion to German Rhetoric in the Nineteenth to Twentieth Century ................ 86 MODERN AUTHORS ................................................................................................... 87 The Twentieth Century .......................................................................................... 87 A. T. Robertson (1914) ................................................................................. 88 Elbert Russell (1920) .................................................................................... 90 1960s—Lausberg and BDF: German to English ............................................ 91 Friedrich Blass, Grammar of New Testament Greek (BDF)—1896–1961 ...... 93 vii 1968—Detlev Fehling Die Wiederholungsfiguren ......................................... 95 Nigel Turner (1976) ...................................................................................... 99 Hans Dieter Betz (1975) ............................................................................. 100 George Kennedy (1954–2005) .................................................................... 103 Duane F. Watson (1988) ............................................................................