DECLASSIFIED Authority fJn?P^"l>'^ S Paper No. 25 Background Information on the Superintendency for the Development of the Northeast (SUDENE) SUDENE was created in 1959 to promote, plan and coordinate economic development in Northeastern Brazil, one of the largest underdeveroped areas in the world and the largest in the Western Hemishpere, (1) SUDENE decided to carry out its work through means of three year plans. The First and Second Master Plans, respectively, have covered the periods of 1960-1962 and 1963-1965. SUDENE's Third Master Plan has now been approved covering the period 1966-1968. By the end of 1965, SUDENE had made investments in the Northeast of Cr$ 5il-.5 billion. Since its formation, SUDENE has had three Superintendents. The first was Celso Furtado, who was dismissed after the Revolu• tion of April 1961|.. General Expedite Sarapaio directed the orga• nization until the arrival of the present Superintendent, Joao Gonqalves de Souza, in July 1961)., The Superintendent of SUDENE reports to General Cord'eiro de Farias, Minister for Coordination of Regional Agencies, SUDENE is directed by a Conselho Deliberative (Deliberative Council) composed of the governors of the states and territory within the region and representatives of various federal organi• zations and entities operating within SUDENE's area of juris diction. The development activities of foreign countries and inter• national agencies are coordinated within SUDENE by ACI (Assessoria de CooperaQao Internacional-Advisory Office of International Cooperation), headed by Cicero de Oliveira Salles, (1) The Northeast is considered by SUDENE to include the^states of Maranhao, Piaui, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, Bahia; and, for programming purposes, part of the state of Minas Gerais included in ' the Drought Polygon and the Territory of Fernando Noronha. DECLASSIFIED Authority fJiQ^SV^>2^ Principal Officers of the Superintendency for the Development of the Northeast (SUDENE). Joao Gongalves de Souza (Zhow-ow Gone-Sahl-vase de SO-zah), Super- inteijdent of SUDEJJE since July 196^, was born in the state of Ceara (Northeast Brazil) in 1913. He holds a degree in agricul• tural enginnering from the National School of Agronomy of the University of Rio de Janeiro, a law degree from the National Faculty of Law of the University of Brazil and a Master of' Science degree in rural sociology from the University of Wisconsin. His professional experience runs from a position as a technical advi• sor to the liinistry of Agriculture to directing the technical cooperation program of the OAS, He personally is familiar with all the countries of Latin America and in 1962 visited countries in Europe, the Middle East and the Far East on an OAS assignment to study the problems of agrarian reform and the training of personnel for economic development programs, Fernando de Oliveira Mota (Fair-NAHN-do de Oh-lee-VWAY-ra xMOH-tah) Deputy Superintendent of SUDENE since March 1965 was born in Recife, Pernambuco, in 1916. He holds degrees in philosophy and economics from the Catholic University of Recife. A full profes• sor, he has taught economics at the Faculty of Economic Sciences of Recife and sociology at the Institute of Education of Pernam• buco.' He studied regional planning at the University of Pennsyl• vania. His best known book is Manual do Desenvolvimento Economico (Economic Developmen't Manual). Before assuming his present positic?:': he was Director of SUDEI^IE's Department of Human Resources. Cicero de Oliveira Salles (SEE-say-roo__de Oh-lee-WAY-ra SAHL-1';:;, Director of the Assessoria de Cooperacao Internacional (Advisory Office of International Cooperation) lACI), born in Sao Paulo, received his university education in Pennsylvania and Texas. He had worked since 1955 for the OAS in its Department of Econo• mic Affairs in Vfashington. He has had a variety of assignments for the OAS including that of special advisor to the government of Costa Rica for negotiations leading to the establishment of the Inter American Organization of Banana Growers; OAS represen• tative on the International Cotton Committee and FAO's Agricul• tural Surplus Coramit'tee; and' Executive Secretary of the OAS's Special Commission on Coffee. Paper No,. 2? Background Information on Universities in Pernambuco The Recife area has three universities: the Federal Univer• sity of Pernambuco with 8,000 students divided among 17 faculties schools, and special courses; Catholic University of Pernambuco, with 2,000 students studying in five faculties; and the Rural University of Pernambuco x^rith 550 students in its two faculties of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, The Federal University of Pernambuco (until recently the University of Recife) was founded in 19l|.6, which meant, essential' ly, the grouping of already existing private faculties under a Presidentialiy appointed Rector, The Faculty of Law, the first school of higher education founded in Brazil (l826), provided the base for its organization. Among some of its most illustrious ' graduates were Joaquim Nabuco, Tobias Barreto, and Castro Alves.-. The Faculty of Philosophy of Recife, is' one of the two Philosophy schools of the Federal University. It is, however, privately administared by the Catholic Church. Its 500 students are all women. The director, newly appointed, is Mother Maria de Socorro Noguoira, who assumed office in March, 1965. Mother Maria has a Bachelor's Degree in Natural History, and a Master of Arts in the same subject, with additional special courses__^ln the Federal Universities of Rio de Janeiro (Guanabara) and San Paulo, Biogr-gphy Rector^of the Federal University of Pernambuco, Dr. Murillo Guimaraes Dr. Guimaraes holds the life chair of Commercial Law in tho Faculty of Law of the Federrol University of Pernambuco, where he has taught for more than 25 years. He was nominated and' con• firmed Rector shortly after the revolution of March 31. Dr. Guimaraes has studied briefly at the Universities of Paris, Rome, and Stockholm, and in March of 1966 will tour several English universities at the invitation of the British Council. He is the author of two books: Cooperative Organization (1939) and The Provision of Checks of Credit. DECLASSIFIED Authority fJn}PS'l,-^S Paper Nr. 28 Biography Gilbcrto Preyre (Zhool-BEAR-too FRAY-roe), Sociologist and Author Gilberto Freyre was born in Recife on March 15, 1900. He received his secondary education in Recife and then went to the United States to receive a B,A. from Baylor in 1920 and an M,A» from Columbia in 1922. The latter awarded him an honorary lit.D. in 195i4-» Ho has studied and done research in 'England, Prance, .. Ger'many, Portugal and other European countries, Dr, Freyre'3 distinguished career is so long that a, short summary can only touch tho highlights. As an eduoatoJ* he has taU£^t extensively in Brazil, and founded the first chairs of sociology in the University of Rocife and University of Brazil. He has lectured vjidoly and over many years in Brazil,' tho United States, Franco, England, Portugal and other- countries. Ho has served on tho Brazilian Delegation to tho U,N, General Assembly and made a study of raco rolations in South Africa, for tho U,N, Though he has no party affiliations, Dr, Froyro served as a Federal Deputy in the National Constituent' Assembly in 19i4-5 which drafted the present Brazilian constitution. He is activo in a wide v,arioty of Brazilian and foreign sociological and cultural institutions, and was a founder of the Joachim Nabuco Instituto for Social Research in Rocife, As nn author, Dr.Freyre has published several dozen books and hundreds of magazine and newspaper articles on sociological, historical, and cultural thcraes. Many of his books havo bocn reprinted frequently and tran3la,tod into other languages, includ• ing English, French, and Spanish, In tho United States he is best Icnovm as the author of Brazil: An Interpretation (19^5), Hew World in the Tropics (1963)> The Masters and the Slaves (2nd ed., 1956), and The Mansions and the Shanties (1963) (dates are of American publication,) The last tx-jo are part of a major trilogy on tho dovclopmont of Brazilian civilization, Dr, Freyro is undoubtedly one of the greatest living Brazil-- ians, flaad has done more than any other to interpret BrazL lian history and culture both to his ovjn countrymen and to the outside world. Almost overy scholarly work on Brazil published during the last txwenty years has acknowlodgad its debt to his pioneer• ing, a.nd continuing work. Though much of his work has boon national in scope, he is particularly know as a student of the Northeastern part of the country. DECLASSIFIED Authority rJ/'t)P 5 l.'V S^ Paper No, 29 Background Information on the Instituto Kacional de EducaQao e Pesquisas (IMEP) (National Institute of Education and Research) INEP a semi-autonomous agency of the federal government under supervision of the Ministry of Education and Culture, was established to improve the level of instruction in secondary schools in Brazil, The agency has regional centers in Porto Alegre', Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Salvador and Recife, The first (iirsctor of INEP established a policy of appointing well' knoxm educators or intellects to head each regional center. In Recife IMEP's center is directed by Gilberto Preyre. Located in the district of Apipucos, the present complex consists of tx-jo' buildings, an experimental grade school and a research center, USAID has provided technical cooperation to the center, and this year has funded the construction of a building which will be the supervisor training center. In addition USAID has sent a group of teachers to the University of Indiana to study educational methodology, psychology and related subjects. This center is the only supervisory center north of Salxracor, In the Northeast USAID plans to finance the construction of 72 centers for supervisors where instruction will be given to elementary teachers.