GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORTATION AND HIGHWAYS NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AND INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION LTD. (NHIDCL) PREPARATORY STUDY FOR NORTH EAST CONNECTIVITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT IN INDIA NH54 BYPASSES ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT JUNE 2017 NIPPON KOEI CO.,LTD. NIPPON KOEI INDIA PVD. LTD. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATION Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Project Location 1 1.3 Requirement and Objective of EIA Report 2 Chapter 2 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 4 2.1 Bypass Designs as in DPR and Proposed Adjustments 4 2.2 Key Design Concepts for Bypass Construction Works 6 Chapter 3 POLICY, LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ２４ 3.1 National Level Laws and Regulations ２４ 3.2 State Level Laws and Regulations ２６ 3.3 Institutional Setup ２６ 3.4 Requirements of Clearance and Permits ２９ Chapter 4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE ３２ 4.1 Natural Environment ３２ 4.2 Living Environment ５３ 4.3 Socio-Economic Conditions ８４ Chapter 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 88 5.1 Analysis of Alternative for Widening and Improvement of NH54 88 5.2 Analysis of Alternative for NH54 Bypasses ９２ 5.3 Results of Alternative Analysis １０３ Chapter 6 SCOPING １０５ 6.1 Procedure of Scoping １０５ 6.2 Results of Scoping １０５ Chapter 7 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES １１１ 7.1 Natural Environment １１２ 7.2 Living Environment １１７ 7.3 Socio-Economic Environment １２７ 7.4 Other Issues １３１ Chapter 8 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN １３５ 8.1 Overview １３５ 8.2 Environment Management Plan １３５ 8.3 Environment Monitoring Plan １５３ Chapter 9 PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE １５７ 9.1 Schedule and Attendance of Consultation Meetings １５７ 9.2 Key Concerns and Opinions Raised During Consultation Meetings １５８ i List of Tables Table 2.1 Summary of Geometric Design Criteria for Highway .................................. 6 Table 2.2 Design Criteria of Cut Grade and Protection Work ..................................... 8 Table 2.3 Design Criteria of Embankment Slope and Slope Protection Work .................... 8 Table 2.4 Design Criteria of Retaining Wall on Hill Side ......................................................... 8 Table 2.5 Design Criteria of Embankment Structure ............................................................... 9 Table 2.6 Required Volume for Spoil Bank.............................................................................. 10 Table 2.7 Capacities of Spoil Bank-1/2 .................................................................................... 22 Table 2.8 Capacities of Spoil Bank-2/2 .................................................................................... 23 Table 3.1 Clearance Requirements ........................................................................................ ３０ Table 4.1 Annual Rainfall Soil Structures in Project Area ................................................. ３３ Table 4.2 Soil Structures in Project Area ............................................................................. ３４ Table 4.3 Flora in Mizoram and Project Area ..................................................................... ３５ Table 4.4 Fauna in Mizoram and Project Area ................................................................... ４４ Table 4.5 Outline of Tawi Wildlife Sanctuary ..................................................................... ５０ Table 4.6 Outline of Khawnglung Wildlife Sanctuary ....................................................... ５０ Table 4.7 Outline of Ngengpui Wildlife Sanctuary ............................................................ ５１ Table 4.8 Rainfall Intensity for Each Bypass Section ........................................................ ５２ Table 4.9 Number of Quarry Permit Issued and Mineral Production ............................ ５２ Table 4.10 District-wise Number of Quarry Permit Issued and Mineral Production, 2010-11 .............................................................................................................................................. ５３ Table 4.11 National Ambient Air Quality Standards ............................................................. ５６ Table 4.12 Air Quality in Chhiathlang in Dry Season ........................................................... ５７ Table 4.13 Air Quality in Chhiathlang in Monsoon Season ................................................. ５７ Table 4.14 Air Quality in Serchhip in Dry Season ................................................................. ５９ Table 4.15 Air Quality in Serchhip in Monsoon Season ....................................................... ５９ Table 4.16 Air Quality in Hnathial in Dry Season ................................................................. ６１ Table 4.17 Air Quality in Hnathial in Monsoon Season ....................................................... ６１ Table 4.18 Air Quality in Lawngtlai in Dry Season ............................................................... ６３ Table 4.19 Air Quality in Lawngtlai in Monsoon Season ..................................................... ６３ Table 4.20 Surface Water Quality in Chhiathlang in Dry Season ........................................ ６５ Table 4.21 Surface Water Quality in Chhiathlang in Monsoon Season .............................. ６６ Table 4.22 Surface Water Quality in Serchhip in Dry Season .............................................. ６７ Table 4.23 Surface Water Quality in Serchhip in Monsoon Season .................................... ６８ Table 4.24 Surface Water Quality in Hnathial in Dry Season .............................................. ６９ Table 4.25 Surface Water Quality in Hnathial in Monsoon Season .................................... ７０ Table 4.26 Surface Water Quality in Lawngtlai in Dry Season ............................................ ７１ Table 4.27 Surface Water Quality in Lawngtlai in Monsoon Season ............................... ７２ ii Table 4.28 Ambient Standard for Noise .............................................................................. ７４ Table 4.29 Noise Level in Chhiathlang in Dry Season ...................................................... ７４ Table 4.30 Noise Level in Chhiathlang in Monsoon Season ............................................ ７５ Table 4.31 Noise Level in Serchhip in Dry Season ............................................................ ７５ Table 4.32 Noise Level in Serchhip in Monsoon Season .................................................. ７６ Table 4.33 Noise Level in Hnathial in Dry Season ............................................................ ７７ Table 4.34 Noise Level in Hnathial in Monsoon Season .................................................. ７８ Table 4.35 Noise Level in Lawngtlai in Dry Season .......................................................... ７９ Table 4.36 Noise Level in Lawngtlai in Monsoon Season ................................................ ８０ Table 4.37 Vibration Level in Chhiathlang in Dry Season ................................................ ８１ Table 4.38 Vibration Level in Chhiathlang in Monsoon Season ...................................... ８１ Table 4.39 Vibration Level in Serchhip in Dry Season ...................................................... ８１ Table 4.40 Vibration Level in Serchhip in Monsoon Season............................................ ８２ Table 4.41 Vibration Level in Hnathial in Dry Season ...................................................... ８２ Table 4.42 Vibration Level in Hnathial in Monsoon Season ............................................ ８２ Table 4.43 Noise Level in Lawngtlai in Dry Season .......................................................... ８３ Table 4.44 Vibration Level in Lawngtlai in Monsoon Season .......................................... ８３ Table 4.45 District-wise Population and Literacy Rate ...................................................... ８５ Table 4.46 Population of Bypass Areas................................................................................ ８５ Table 4.47 Composition of Various Mizo Tribes in the State .......................................... ８６ Table 4.48 Economic Growth of Mizoram ......................................................................... ８６ Table 5.1 Concepts of Alternatives ............................................................................................ 88 Table 5.2 Review of Alternatives ............................................................................................... 90 Table 5.3 Major Features of Alternatives of Four Bypasses ............................................. ９２ Table 5.4 Control Points in Bypass-1 ................................................................................... ９４ Table 5.5 Major Control Points in Alternatives of Bypass-2 ............................................ ９６ Table 5.6 Control Points in Bypass-2 ................................................................................... ９６ Table 5.7 Major Control Points in Alternatives of Bypass-3 ........................................ １００ Table 5.8 Control Points in Bypass-3 ............................................................................... １００ Table 5.9 Control Points in Bypass-4 ............................................................................... １０３ Table 5.10 Summary Results of Alternative Analysis ..................................................... １０４ Table 5.11 Conclusions from Alternative Analysis ........................................................ １０４ Table 6.1 Scoping Matrix for NH54 Bypass Construction ........................................... １０５ Table 7.1 TOR