De store gaver Filantropiens gensidighedsrelationer i teori og praksis Mahncke, Henrik Document Version Forlagets udgivne version Publication date: 2016 License CC BY-NC-ND Citation for published version (APA): Mahncke, H. (2016). De store gaver: Filantropiens gensidighedsrelationer i teori og praksis. Copenhagen Business School [Phd]. PhD series Nr. 32.2016 Link to publication in CBS Research Portal General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us ([email protected]) providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 26. Sep. 2021 COPENHAGEN BUSINESS SCHOOL DE STORE GAVER SOLBJERG PLADS 3 DK-2000 FREDERIKSBERG DANMARK WWW.CBS.DK I TEORI OG PRAKSIS - FILANTROPIENS GENSIDIGHEDSRELATIONER ISSN 0906-6934 Print ISBN: 978-87-93483-28-6 Online ISBN: 978-87-93483-29-3 Henrik Mahncke DE STORE GAVER - FILANTROPIENS GENSIDIGHEDSRELATIONER I TEORI OG PRAKSIS PhD School in Organisation and Management Studies Ph.d. Serie 32.2016 Ph.d. Serie 32-2016 De store gaver Filantropiens gensidighedsrelationer i teori og praksis Henrik Mahncke Vejleder: Lene Holm Pedersen Anker Brink Lund PhD School in Organisation and Management Studies Copenhagen Business School 1 Henrik Mahncke De store gaver - Filantropiens gensidighedsrelationer i teori og praksis 1. udgave 2016 Ph.d. Serie 32-2016 © Henrik Mahncke ISSN 0906-6934 Print ISBN: 978-87-93483-28-6 Online ISBN: 978-87-93483-29-3 Doctoral School of Organisation and Management Studies (OMS) er et tværviden- skabeligt forskningsmiljø på Copenhagen Business School for ph.d.-stipendiater, der teoretisk og empirisk beskæftiger sig med organisation og ledelse i private, offentlige og frivillige organisationer. Alle rettigheder forbeholdes. Kopiering fra denne bog må kun finde sted på institutioner, der har indgået aftale med COPY-DAN, og kun inden for de i aftalen nævnte rammer. Undtaget herfra er korte uddrag til anmeldelse. Indhold TAK ................................................................................................................................ 7 RESUMÉ ...................................................................................................................... 10 SUMMARY ................................................................................................................... 15 INTRODUKTION .......................................................................................................... 19 1.1 Litteraturen på området ..................................................................................................................... 22 1.2 Afhandlingens teoretiske og empiriske ambition ........................................................................... 29 1.3 Problemafgrænsning ......................................................................................................................... 32 1.4 Forskningsspørgsmål ........................................................................................................................ 39 1.5 Centrale begreber ............................................................................................................................... 43 KAPITEL 2: GAVETEORI ............................................................................................ 47 2.1 Gaveudveksling som fænomen ........................................................................................................ 47 2.1.1 Gavens ånd ................................................................................................................................... 49 2.1.2 Gaven som en umulig mulighed .................................................................................................... 54 2.1.3 De symbolske goders økonomi ..................................................................................................... 61 2.2. Gensidighed i moderne samfund .................................................................................................... 66 2.2.1 Hverdagsgenerøsitet i moderne samfund ..................................................................................... 68 2.2.2 Gensidighed i markedet - Dale Carnegie paradokset ................................................................... 73 2.2.3 Reciprocitet i praksis ..................................................................................................................... 77 2.4 Stat, Marked og Civilsamfund ........................................................................................................... 85 2.4.1 Fire paradigmer for forholdet mellem staten og filantropien ......................................................... 88 2.4.2 Filantropiens roller i velfærdssamfundet ....................................................................................... 92 2.6 Konklusion ........................................................................................................................................ 102 KAPITEL 3: METODE ............................................................................................... 105 3.1 Teorianvendelsesstrategi ................................................................................................................ 106 3.1.1 Metodetriangulering og mixed methods ...................................................................................... 109 3.2 Introduktion til den konceptuelle ramme ....................................................................................... 111 3.2.1 Operationalisering af begrebet donation ..................................................................................... 115 3.2.2 Operationalisering af begrebet relation ....................................................................................... 115 3.2.3 Operationalisering af begrebet reciprocitet ................................................................................. 117 3 3.2.4 Operationalisering af begrebet virkning/bivirkning ..................................................................... 123 3.2.5 Model for de store gaver ............................................................................................................. 125 3.3 Multible casestudier ........................................................................................................................ 128 3.3.1 Selektionskriterier for valg af cases ............................................................................................ 130 3.4 Dataindsamling – de primære kilder .............................................................................................. 134 3.4.1 Brugen af kvalitative interviews .................................................................................................. 134 3.4.2 Registerdata og nøgletal ............................................................................................................. 137 3.4.3 Skriftligt materiale ....................................................................................................................... 137 3.4.4 Spørgeskemaundersøgelse af danske museers relation til almennyttige fonde ........................ 138 3.5 Afsluttende metodekritik ................................................................................................................. 139 KAPITEL 4: DE STORE GAVER I DANMARK ......................................................... 141 4.1 Overblik over de danske fondsdonationer .................................................................................... 141 4.2 Fordelingen af filantropiske donationer på hovedområder ........................................................ 143 4.3 De store gaver fra almennyttige fonde .......................................................................................... 150 4.2 De store gaver til kunst og kultur .................................................................................................. 152 KAPITEL 5: FORVENTNINGER TIL GENSTANDSFELTET .................................... 159 5.1 Baggrunden for almennyttige fondes museumsstøtte i Danmark ............................................. 159 5.2 Forventninger til empirien .............................................................................................................. 166 KAPITEL 6 DONATION TIL RIBE KUNSTMUSEUM ................................................ 169 6.1 Om donationen til Ribe Kunstmuseum ......................................................................................... 169 6.2 Beslutningsfasen ............................................................................................................................. 177 6.3 Forpligtelsen til at modtage en gave ............................................................................................. 182 6.4 Relationen mellem giver, modtager og omverden ....................................................................... 188 6.5 Gavens betydning for Ribe Kunstmuseum ................................................................................... 195 KAPITEL 7 DONATION TIL YOUR RAINBOW PANORAMA, AROS ...................... 207 7.1 Om donationen til ARoS ................................................................................................................